【正文】 Intercultural Communication in the Global Workplace Ji Feng reference book : ?作 者： （美） 薩默瓦 ， 波特 著， 閔惠泉 等譯 ?出 版 社： 中國人民大學(xué)出版社 About exam: ?At the end of this term, you should write a paper less than 2,000 words on the : ? ―Intercultural Communication‖ ( you can write the paper in Chinese ) The Importance of Learning about Cultures? ?Cultural misunderstandings in business activities abroad can be destructive to a pany(P2) ?Companies need to know the reasons why people think as they do and value what they do. Then the way panies and people act will be prehensible and even predictable ,and panies will avoid heavy business losses and failure. (P2) other projects,:zqIF50139。H8R2 ?Workplaces are increasingly multicultural around the world as employees are recruited globally. In the workplace, observable behavioral differences among members of different cultures should lead to an understanding of the WHY of culture. (P2) Session 1 Culture, Communication, Intercultural Communication Importance of Intercultural Communication ?Why did you choose this course? Chances for IC are caused by globalization Spurring development of transportation and munication systems (shortened touring time, television works, the inter, international film industry) Cultural migration between nations (multiculturalism) New economic arena (multinational corporations) Everincreasing world population (finite natural resources, pollution, international conflicts) Warming up 3 ?Make a list of images from your home culture and try to explain what they express about who the people of your culture are and what their relationship is to people from other cultures. ?Which image do you prefer? Which do you think are the images that most truly express how people feel about themselves and the world? Lecture Outline 1. What is culture? More deeply: what the behavior and customs mean to the people who are following them Onstage and Backstage Elements of Culture ?Onstage behavior—— is what people who are in contact with one another find easiest to observe and react to. It involves culturally identifiable actions such as shaking hands, bowing, or kissing upon meeting. Onstage behavior includes holidays and traditional ways of celebrating them, food and dances, costume and music. It often what people refer to when asked to describe another culture. (P3) other projects,:zqIF50139。H8R4 ?Backstage behavior —— It‘s something that is easily identifiable and to recognize that ―backstage‖ culture is not so visible to someone unfamiliar with it. Although backstage culture can seem as difficult to grasp as a wet fog, it holds the reasons why. (P3) Sir Edward Tylor‘s definition in 1871 (first use of this term): ―that plex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society‖ ?Kroeber and Kluckhohn (1952) 5 Culture: A Critical Review of Concepts and Definitions (listing more than 300 definitions) ?Porter amp。 Samovar The deposit（沉淀物） of knowledge, experience, beliefs, values, attitudes, meanings, hierarchies, religion, notions of time, roles, spatial relations, concepts of the universe, and material objects and possessions acquired by a group of people in the course of generations through individual and group striving. Intercultural Communication: A Reader Basic functions of culture Culture makes all things easy. by providing meaning to events, objects and people making life less confusing by providing us with structure the skills and rules necessary to adapt to our world other projects,:zqIF50139。H8R6 A culture can also be understood as a particular way to satisfy our human needs. Let‘s follow Abraham Maslow! ?1) Culture is learned consciously or unconsciously: (enculturation) **through Proverbs, Folktales, Myths, and legends ?―Actions speak louder than words ‖ ?―God helps one who helps himself ‖ ?―the baby who cries gets the milk ‖ ? ―The human life is doomed ‖(Asia) 7 ? ―The rule is half life‖ (Germany ) ?―The zebra ever never dislike its own stripe ― ? (Africa ) **through Art . Beijing Opera ? **through Mass Media 2) Most part of culture is unconscious Culture as an iceberg Can you tell which of the following are above the water and which are below? ?What people eat ● ?What people wear ● ?What games children play ● ?How to use time○ ?How to introduce people ● ?How to participate in ceremonies ● ?Rules for gestures ● other projects,:zqIF50139。H8R ?Rules for facial expressions and eye contact ● ?Etiquette ● ?Work speed ● ?What is right or wrong, beautiful or ugly, clean or dirty, good or bad, etc. ?Car parking○ ?Case Study Richard, an engineer from the United States, was invited to take tea with one of his British colleagues while he was in England. This was a purely social, relaxed occasion. Tea was served along with sugar and cream. As he helped himself to some sugar and cream, he sensed he had done something wrong. Can you tell what went wrong? Oct. 5, 2020 21st Century Changing Tastes “This July China Daily reported severe obesity affects 16 to 20 per cent China’s young urbanites.” “A major study released by Centre for Public Nutrition and Development last September found as ine increases, energy intake increases. But a high percentage of that extra energy es from fat. 9 And grains