【正文】 第 1 頁 共 224 頁 目 錄 第 2 頁 共 224 頁 一、貉的生物學(xué)特性與經(jīng)濟(jì)價值 .......................................................... 1 (一 )貉的分類與分布 .............................................................................1 (二 )貉的形態(tài)與習(xí)性 .............................................................................2 (三 )貉的經(jīng)濟(jì)價值 .................................................................................5 二、貉的繁殖 ......................................................................................... 6 (一 )貉生殖系統(tǒng)的解剖特點(diǎn) .................................................................6 1．公貉的生殖系統(tǒng) ...........................................................................6 2．母貉的生殖系統(tǒng) ...........................................................................9 (二 )貉的繁殖特點(diǎn) ............................................................................... 11 1．性成熟 ........................................................................................ 11 2．性周期 ........................................................................................ 11 3．性行為 ........................................................................................ 14 4．妊娠 ............................................................................................ 16 5．產(chǎn)仔 ............................................................................................ 17 6．哺乳母貉及仔貉的行為 ............................................................. 18 (三 )養(yǎng)貉的繁殖技術(shù) ........................................................................... 20 1．配種技術(shù) .................................................................................... 20 2．產(chǎn)仔?；罴夹g(shù) ............................................................................ 29 (四 )影響貉繁殖力的因素及提高其繁殖力的措施 ............................ 33 1．影響貉繁殖力的因素 ................................................................. 33 2．提高繁殖力的綜合技術(shù)措施 ..................................................... 34 三、貉的飼料與營養(yǎng) ........................................................................... 36 (一 )飼料的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)及其功能 ........................................................... 36 1．水分 ............................................................................................ 37 2．蛋白質(zhì) ........................................................................................ 38 3．脂肪 ............................................................................................ 41 ................................................................................... 43 5．無機(jī)鹽 ........................................................................................ 44 (二 )飼料的種類及利用 ....................................................................... 54 ................................................................................... 55 2．植物性飼料 ................................................................................ 66 3．飼料添加劑 ................................................................................ 68 ................................................................................... 72 (三 )飼料品質(zhì)檢驗(yàn) ............................................................................... 72 1．肉類飼料的品質(zhì)檢驗(yàn) ................................................................. 73 第 3 頁 共 224 頁 2．魚類飼料的品質(zhì)檢驗(yàn) ................................................................. 74 3．乳類飼料的品質(zhì)檢驗(yàn) ................................................................. 75 .................................................................... 76 5．谷類飼料的品質(zhì)檢驗(yàn) ................................................................. 77 6．干粉飼料的品質(zhì)檢驗(yàn) ................................................................. 77 7．果蔬飼料的品質(zhì)檢驗(yàn) ................................................................. 78 (四 )飼料的貯存及加工調(diào)制 ............................................................... 78 1．飼料的貯存 ................................................................................ 78 2．飼料的加工 ................................................................................ 82 3．飼料的調(diào)制 ................................................................................ 85 (五 )貉的營養(yǎng)需要與飼養(yǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ........................................................... 87 (六 )貉日糧的擬定方法 ....................................................................... 91 1．?dāng)M定貉日糧的依據(jù) ..................................................................... 91 2．?dāng)M定貉日糧的方法 ..................................................................... 92 四、貉的飼養(yǎng)管理 ............................................................................... 93 (一 )飼養(yǎng)管理的基本要求 ................................................................... 93 2．動植物飼料適當(dāng)搭配 ................................................................. 94 3．飼喂要定時定量 ......................................................................... 95 ................................................................ 95 5．保證飲水 .................................................................................... 95 7．做好防暑防寒工作 ..................................................................... 96 8．分群管理 .................................................................................... 97 (二 )準(zhǔn)備配種期的飼養(yǎng)管理 ............................................................... 97 1．準(zhǔn)備配種期的飼養(yǎng) ..................................................................... 98 ...................................................................... 100 (三 )配種期的飼養(yǎng)管理 ..................................................................... 101 1．配種期的飼養(yǎng) .......................................................................... 102 2．配種期的管理 .......................................................................... 103 (四 )妊娠期 的飼養(yǎng)管理 ..................................................................... 104 1．妊娠期的飼養(yǎng) ............................