【正文】 淺談遼寧省清原縣撫育間伐經(jīng)營(yíng)方式與林分密度、立地條件的關(guān)系摘要森林在生長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程中，會(huì)受到各種因素的影響，而天然林則因?yàn)楦鞣N影響導(dǎo)致林木密度不均勻，因此需要通過(guò)科學(xué)的撫育間伐，將天然林中不具備生長(zhǎng)優(yōu)勢(shì)的劣質(zhì)林木剔除。那么根據(jù)不同的林分密度，不同的立地條件，如何選擇合理的不同強(qiáng)度間伐，為撫育經(jīng)營(yíng)提供優(yōu)勢(shì)。本文以遼寧省清原縣林場(chǎng)為研究地點(diǎn)，通過(guò)設(shè)置不同的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)地調(diào)查，進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析，試圖找出最合理的撫育經(jīng)營(yíng)方式。針對(duì)林場(chǎng)的具體情況，在不同的林分密度下，不同的立地條件下，采用不同的撫育經(jīng)營(yíng)方式。并對(duì)林場(chǎng)目前在經(jīng)營(yíng)過(guò)程中存在的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行具體的分析，提出了改善的相關(guān)建議，為今后當(dāng)?shù)亓謽I(yè)工作者采取適當(dāng)合理的撫育經(jīng)營(yíng)措施提供了參考價(jià)值。主要的研究結(jié)果如下：(1) 設(shè)置不同的林分密度，林木生長(zhǎng)的林分因子呈現(xiàn)不同的數(shù)據(jù)。在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)地設(shè)置的100株/hm178。，200株/hm178。，300株/hm178。，400株/hm178。，500株/hm178。五個(gè)不同林分密度中，100株/hm178。的林分密度下林木生長(zhǎng)的最好。根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，林分密度對(duì)平均胸徑、樹冠結(jié)構(gòu)、樹高等均有不同程度的影響。當(dāng)林分密度持續(xù)增加時(shí)，林木的平均胸徑和樹冠結(jié)構(gòu)減小，樹高則上升。(2) 坡度、坡位、坡向等地形因子和土層厚度、土地類型等土壤因子是影響城郊林場(chǎng)人工林林木生長(zhǎng)的主要立地條件。林地坡度變化不大，林地坡位導(dǎo)致土壤肥力不同，林地坡向使日照時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短和強(qiáng)度有差異。林地坡度對(duì)林分生長(zhǎng)的平均胸徑、樹冠結(jié)構(gòu)、樹高沒(méi)有什么影響，二者關(guān)系不大。林地坡位對(duì)林分生長(zhǎng)的平均胸徑、樹冠結(jié)構(gòu)、樹高有較大影響，當(dāng)林地坡位上升時(shí)，平均胸徑、樹高下降，具有負(fù)相關(guān)性質(zhì)。樹冠結(jié)構(gòu)上升，具有正相關(guān)性質(zhì)。林地坡向?qū)α址稚L(zhǎng)的平均胸徑、樹高有較大影響，對(duì)樹冠結(jié)構(gòu)沒(méi)有影響。當(dāng)林地坡向上升時(shí)，平均胸徑、樹高上升，具有正相關(guān)性質(zhì)。(3) 撫育間伐對(duì)城郊林場(chǎng)人工林的土壤物理性質(zhì)、化學(xué)性質(zhì)、土壤酶活性等有較大影響。撫育經(jīng)營(yíng)不同的間伐強(qiáng)度，土壤的溫度，濕度不同。撫育經(jīng)營(yíng)不同的間伐強(qiáng)度，Ph值、有機(jī)質(zhì)。磷含量等數(shù)據(jù)不同。撫育經(jīng)營(yíng)不同的間伐強(qiáng)度，測(cè)定的土壤酶活性不同。關(guān)鍵詞：撫育經(jīng)營(yíng)；林分密度；立地條件；人工林撫育；土壤酶活性；Abstract: in the process of forest growth, will be affected by various factors, and natural forest because of various effects led to tree density, so through the thinning of science, will growth advantage to eliminate the unqualified inferior forest in natural forest. Then, according to different stand density and different site conditions, how to select reasonable thinning of different intensity to provide advantages for tending management. This paper takes the suburb in Qingyuan County of Liaoning province forest farm as research sites, by setting the standard of different investigation, parative analysis, trying to find the most reasonable way of tending operations. In view of the specific conditions of suburban forest farms, different tending and management methods were adopted under different stand density and different site conditions. And specific analysis of the suburban forest currently existing in the management of the problem, put forward related suggestions to improve and provide the reference value for the local forestry workers take proper measures of tending operations. The main results are as follows:(1) different stand density is set up, and the stand factor of tree growth is different. 100 strains of hm 178。set in the standard, 200 strains of /hm 178。，300 strains of/hm 178。, 400 strains of /hm 178。, 500 strains of/hm 178。 different stand densities. According to the data analysis, the stand density has different effects on the average DBH, crown structure, tree height and so on. When the stand density increased continuously, the average DBH and crown structure of trees decreased, but the tree height increased.(2) the soil factors such as slope, slope, slope and other soil factors, such as soil thickness and land type, are the main site conditions affecting the growth of plantation forest in suburban forest farm. The slope of woodland forest slope caused little change, soil fertility, woodland slope towards the sunshine time and strength are different. The forest slope had no influence on the average DBH, crown structure and tree height of the growth of the stand, and the two had little relationship. The slope position of forest land has a great influence on the average DBH, crown structure and tree height. When the slope of forest land rises, the average DBH and tree height have negative correlation. The rise of crown structure has positive correlation property. The forest slope has a great influence on the average DBH and tree height, but has no influence on the crown structure. When the slope of forest land rises, the average DBH and tree height have positive correlation.(3) tending and thinning had great influence on soil physical properties, chemical properties and soil enzyme activities in plantations of suburban forest farms. Tending to manage different thinning intensities, soil temperature, and humidity are different. Different thinning intensities, such as Ph and phosphorus content, are different in tending and management. The soil enzyme activities measured by different thinning intensities were different between tending and management.Key words: tending management。 stand density。 site condition。 tending of plantation。soil enzyme activity獨(dú) 創(chuàng) 性 聲 明本人聲明所呈交的論文是我個(gè)人在導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)下進(jìn)行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。盡我所知，除了文中特別加以標(biāo)注和致謝的地方外，論文中不包含其他人已經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫過(guò)的研究成果，也不包含為獲得沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)或其它教育機(jī)構(gòu)的學(xué)位或證書而使用過(guò)的材料。與我一同工作的同志對(duì)本研究所做的任何貢獻(xiàn)均已在論文中作了明確的說(shuō)明并表示了謝意。研究生簽名： 時(shí)間： 年 月 日導(dǎo)師簽名： 時(shí)間： 年 月 日關(guān)于論文知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)和使用授權(quán)的說(shuō)明本論文的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)為沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)所有。本人完全了解沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)有關(guān)保留、使用學(xué)位論文的規(guī)定，即：學(xué)校有權(quán)保留送交論文的復(fù)印件和磁盤，允許論文被查閱和借閱，可以采用影印、縮印或掃描等復(fù)制手段保存、匯編學(xué)位論文。同意沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)可以用不同方式在不同媒體上發(fā)表、傳播學(xué)位論文的內(nèi)容。學(xué)位論文中的所有內(nèi)容不經(jīng)沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)授權(quán)不得以任何方式擅自對(duì)外發(fā)表。（保密的學(xué)位論文在解密后應(yīng)遵守此協(xié)議）研究生簽名： 時(shí)間： 年 月 日導(dǎo)師簽名： 時(shí)間： 年 月 日65 / 65目 錄摘 要 1英文摘要 3第一章 緒論 5 5 5 6 8 10 14 14 15 16第二章 撫育間伐效果研究?jī)?nèi)容和方法 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 19 20 21 22 23 24 25第三章 撫育間伐對(duì)人工林土壤的影響 26 27 27 28第四章 研究結(jié)果與分析 29 30 31 32 33第五章 遼寧省清原縣撫育間伐工作存在的問(wèn)題和對(duì)策 34 34 35第六章 結(jié)論與建議 40 42 45參考文獻(xiàn) 46致 謝 47CatalogAbstract 1English abstract 3Chapter 1 introduction 5 research background 5 research purpose and significance 5 domestic and international research review 6 Foreign Studies on thinning 8 domestic research on thinning 10 the role of thinning 14 effects of thinning on soil carbon in planta