【正文】 1 / 61供應鏈績效評價體系的構建摘 要隨著科技的進步和經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，顧客消費水平的不斷提高，企業(yè)所面臨的經(jīng)營環(huán)境己經(jīng)發(fā)生了重大的變化，呈現(xiàn)在他們面前的是一個變化迅速且無法預測的買方市場。 這就要求企業(yè)跳出傳統(tǒng)的經(jīng)營管理模式，不僅要關注企業(yè)內(nèi)部的資源和競爭力，而且必須關注企業(yè)外部的資源和競爭力，強調(diào)從供應商到分銷商，零售商及最終顧客的整條供應鏈上的資源和競爭力的集成。供應鏈是當代企業(yè)界的最新組織形式之一，它能把多個相關企業(yè)或企業(yè)集團原本獨立的資源進行有效的整合，使之發(fā)揮出“1+1 2”的整體效益。但是，由于供應鏈是由多個企 業(yè)或企業(yè)集團按一定形式組合而成，其管理的復雜程度要遠遠高于單一的企業(yè)管理。供應鏈所帶來的增值收益需要通過交織成網(wǎng)絡狀關系的各成員企業(yè)實行供應鏈一體化管理的思想才能實現(xiàn)，這樣企業(yè)就遇到了新課題:如何協(xié)調(diào)企業(yè)利益與供應鏈整體的利益，這就需要企業(yè)實現(xiàn)從個別業(yè)務職能的管理到以供應鏈的觀點進行管理的轉變。而這種轉變?nèi)绾芜_到理想的效果，必須以相對客觀的標準和方法予以評價，以幫助企業(yè)發(fā)現(xiàn)問題、尋求解決方法，從而促進供應鏈的有效改進和運作。作為一種集成的管理思想和方法，供應鏈管理通過前饋的信息流和反饋的物料流及信息流將供應商，制造商，分銷商直到最終用戶聯(lián)系起來，執(zhí)行供 應鏈中從供應商到最終用戶的物流的計劃和控制等職能。順應這種管理模式的變化，要求決策者能夠及時了解供應鏈整體狀況，設計出更適合于度量供應鏈企業(yè)績效的指標和評價方法。本文在深刻理解供應鏈及供應鏈管理理論知識的基礎上，系統(tǒng)地研究了供應鏈績效評價的概念、在供應鏈管理中的作用、發(fā)展過程以及與企業(yè)績效評價和物流績效評價的差異。在對供應鏈績效研究現(xiàn)狀，其中包括評價模型、指標體系和評價方法的研究現(xiàn)狀的分析過程中，提出了供應鏈績效評價體系的設計原則和設計方法。并且具體對常用的供應鏈績效評價體系:SCOR模型、平衡記分法和傳統(tǒng)的績效評價指標體2 / 61系進行介紹和分析。在此研究基礎上，結合模糊數(shù)學的理論建立了供應鏈績效模糊綜合評價體系。針對供應鏈管理目的提出的供應鏈整體績效評價指標體系，更好地滿足了供應鏈績效評價指標體系的設計要求。依據(jù)實際應用情況的不同，給出績效評價指標權重的確定方法。建立模糊綜合評價模型，針對不同供應鏈之間或供應鏈的不同時段進行績效評價，解決定性與定量指標的綜合評價問題。根據(jù)這個研究思路，本文將全文分成六章來進行論述，具體結構如下:第一章，研究供應鏈以及供應鏈績效評價理論，對于國內(nèi)外在理論研究方面的分歧進行比較研究，并在此基礎上提出了本文的主要研究內(nèi)容以及研究意義。第二章，對應鏈績效評價的理論基礎和主要內(nèi)容進行進一步的研究。第三章，確定供應鏈績效評價指標層次結構，為建立供應鏈績效綜合評價體系選擇適當?shù)闹笜梭w系，并在此基礎上給出供應鏈績效評價指標的含義。第四章，在符合實際的具體指標層次結構上，采用模糊層次分析法確定各個指標的重要性權重。并以此為基礎，利用多層次模糊優(yōu)選模型，實現(xiàn)供應鏈績效評價。第五章，在建立的供應鏈績效綜合評價體系的基礎上對供應鏈的績效進行實證分析。第六章， 最后 ，對本文的研究工作進行了總結，并提出有待進一步研究的問題。關鍵詞：供應鏈，供應鏈績效評價，供應鏈績效評價指標體系，模糊層次分析法, 模糊綜合評價體系CONSTRUCT OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM3 / 61ABSTRACTAlong with the development of Science and technology, and with the advance of the consumption level, the working circumstance of the corporation has been changed leading to the birth of the rapid diversification and the unforeseen buyers39。 market. It is obvious that the corporation have to change their traditional management model and pay attention to not only inner resource and petition ability but also outer resource and petition ability covering with the whole supply chain from the supplier to the customer. In other word, the petition focuses on the whole supply chain. Supply chain, one of the modern enterprise anizations, can integrate effectively independent resources in interrelated enterprises or agglomeration and produce effect of “one plus one is larger than two”. However, the management of supply chain is far more plex than that of single enterprise in that the supply chain is made up of different enterprises of agglomeration. And so the general principles and methods of business management can39。t cope with the modern supply chain management. Increment from supply chains cannot be obtained only if all member enterprises forming a work put supply chain management into practice. One of the settlements is that the enterprise should transform its managing thinking. But to ensure the effect, external standards and methods should be built up to evaluate the transformation, so that the enterprise can find problem and its solution, and promote the operation of the supply chain. So effective performance evaluation of supply chains is the key to supply chain management. As a petitive management thought and method, the supply chain management implements the logistic plan and control function to the whole supply chain from supplier to the customer .In accord with this management model, the decision maker must be acquaint himself with the whole supply chain to design a suitable evaluation index system for the measurement of the supply chain performance.In this thesis, we pursue an indepth research on SCPMS. Firstly, the definition of SCPM, the critical role SCPM played in SCM, the discrepancy among SCPM, Enterprise performance Measurement and Logistic performance Measurement, as well as the development tendency of SCPM, are systematically analyzed based on the insightful understanding of the theory of SCamp。 SCM. After that, the deep investigation is carried on 4 / 61into the current situation in SCPM, included the evaluation model, index system and evaluation method. During it, we put forward the design principle and process of SCPMS. Based on the research on the traditional evaluation model of performance measurement, such as SCOR, BSC and traditional performance evaluation index system, a new evaluation system of SCPM, named Supply Chain Performance Fuzzy Measurement System (SCPFMS), is proposed. Its index system satisfies the design requirements of SCM better. It provides different method for confirming the weight of index .It also gives a new evaluation model of SCPM for different SC and different period in SC, which resolves the problem of prehensive appraisal with the quantitative index and qualitative index. According to this research mentality, this article divides into the full text six chapters to carry on the elaboration, the concrete structure is as follows:First chapter, the research on supply chain as well as the supply chain achievements appraisal theory, in this foundation, gives in this article to supply the chain, the supply chain management as well as the supply chain achievements appraisal definition and the connotation. And proposed this article main research content as well as the research significance in this foundation.Second chapter, studying the basic theory of Measurement of the Supply Chain Performance.Third chapter, determined the supply chain achievements appraisal target hierarchical structure, for the establishment supply chain achievements quality synthetic evaluation system choice suitable target system, and establishes the supply chain achievements appraisal target in this foundation the algorithm model.Fourth chapter, in conforms to in the actual concrete target hierarchical structure, uses the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to determine each target the important weight. And take this as the foundation, uses the multilevel