【正文】 . . . . .上海高考英語完型填空歷年真題2011Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. launched B. unpleasant C. applying D. technically E. impactF. coating G. fixed H. miraculously I. superior J. advancesHow would you like to wear the same underwear (內(nèi)衣褲) for weeks? Owing to the work that has gone into developing intelligent materials, this may not be as 41 as it sounds. Selfcleaning clothes have now been created, and these new materials provide 42 resistance to dirt as well as water. As a result, they require much less cleaning than traditional materials.The creation of selfcleaning clothes provides an example of how nature helps scientists develop better products. This selfcleaning nature is known as the “l(fā)otus effect”. The name es, of course, from the lotus leaves, which are famous for growing in muddy lakes and rivers while remaining almost 43 clean. By observing nature, scientists are 44 the qualities of the lotus leaves to the materials they have engineered. Because of this, some remarkable new products have been 45 . Among them are special windows that are resistant to dirt and water. A special 46 on these windows not only prevents dirt from sticking to their surfaces, but also allows dust to be easily washed off by the rain. In fact, these new windows have already been 47 to some cars. Even when traveling at high speed through rain, these cars never have to use their windshield wipers (雨刮器).Although we have already seen some practical applications, even more dramatic 48 will be made in the future, and they will, perhaps, change our world pletely. Undoubtedly, technology is an important development, and it will have an even bigger 49 on our lives.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining (留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 50 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once panies have attracted customers they often 51 the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the petition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to bee carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business— 52 that the customer remains a customer. 53 to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average pany loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years. In constantly changing 54 , this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few panies have any idea how many customers they have lost.Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the 55 implications. Cutting down the number of customers a pany loses can make a big 56 in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the number of defecting (流失的) customers led to 57 increases of between 25 and 85 per cent.In the US, Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and 58 never returns, is losing the pany thousands of dollars in 59 profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).The logic behind cultivating customer 60 is impossible to deny. “In practice most panies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to 61 them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’ School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. 62 customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price 63 , and may provide free wordofmouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it 64 for petitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.50. A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. first of all51. A. emphasize B. doubt C. overlook D. believe52. A. denying B. ensuring C. arguing D. proving53. A. Moving B. Hoping C. Starting D. Failing54. A. markets B. tastes C. prices D. expenses55. A. culture B. social C. financial D. economical56. A. promise B. plan C. mistake D. difference57. A. cost B. opportunity C. profit D. budget58. A. as a result B. on the whole C. in conclusion D. on the contrary59. A. huge B. potential C. extra D. reasonable60. A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest61. A. altering B. understanding C. keeping D. attracting62. A. Assumed B. Respected C. Established D. Unexpected63. A. agreeable B. flexible C. friendly D. sensitive64. A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenient2010Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. additional B. producing C. regular D. predicted E. identifiedE atmosphere G. matched H. reducing I. carried J. increaseForests in the northern half of the globe could be growing faster now than they were 200 years ago as a result of climate change, according to a study of trees in eastern America. The trees appear t