【正文】 I 發(fā)動機(jī)增壓技術(shù)應(yīng)用研究 摘 要 本文主要研究發(fā)動機(jī)增壓技術(shù)的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀、工作原理、技術(shù)特點(diǎn)及發(fā)展前景。 闡述了發(fā)動機(jī)增壓技術(shù)的作用和目的以及增壓方式分類。 闡述了發(fā)動機(jī) 的廢氣渦輪增壓技術(shù)的研究意義及 發(fā)展 現(xiàn)狀 。 介紹了廢氣渦輪增壓系統(tǒng)中各組成部件的作用及工作原理 。介紹了增壓器的結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理。 提出了目前汽油機(jī)增壓的難點(diǎn)、可能遇到的問題和針對這些問題應(yīng)采取的措施。 論述了發(fā)動機(jī)渦輪增壓技術(shù)發(fā)展趨勢及前景 。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 發(fā)動機(jī)增壓技術(shù)增壓，發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，工作原理，汽油機(jī)，發(fā)展趨勢 II Abstract This paper studies the application status of the engine turbocharger technology, working principles, technical characteristics and development prospects. Describes the role of technology and the supercharged engine and the supercharger way classification purposes. Describes the engine exhaust turbocharger technology research and development status of significance. Turbocharged system introduced in the role of the various ponent parts and principle。 describes the structure and turbocharger work. Presented difficulties in the current gasoline engine turbocharger, the likely problems and these problems should be taken. Turbocharged engine are discussed and future technology trends. Keywords: Supercharged engine supercharger technology, Development status, Working principle, Gasoline, trends III 目 錄 摘 要 ......................................................................................................................................... I 前 言 .......................................................................................................................................... 1 1 發(fā)動機(jī)增壓概論 ..................................................................................................................... 2 發(fā)動機(jī)增壓的作用和目的 .................................................................................................. 2 發(fā)動機(jī)增壓方式 .................................................................................................................. 3 機(jī)械增壓 ................................................................................................................... 3 渦輪增壓 ................................................................................................................... 4 2 發(fā)動機(jī)增壓技術(shù)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀及特點(diǎn) ......................................................................................... 5 增壓技術(shù)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r .......................................................................................................... 5 渦輪增壓研究現(xiàn)狀 .............................................................................................................. 5 渦輪增壓技術(shù)特點(diǎn) .............................................................................................................. 7 3 廢氣渦輪增壓的原理 ............................................................................................................. 9 離心式壓氣機(jī)的工作原理 .................................................................................................. 9 空氣在壓氣機(jī)中的流動 ........................................................................................... 9 壓氣機(jī)的絕熱效率 ..................................................................................................11 壓氣機(jī)的特性曲線 ..................................................................................................11 徑流式渦輪機(jī)的工作原理 ................................................................................................ 12 燃?xì)庠跍u輪機(jī)中的流動 ......................................................................................... 12 渦輪機(jī)的特性 ......................................................................................................... 13 4 汽油機(jī)增壓 ........................................................................................................................... 14 汽油機(jī)廢氣渦輪增壓研究意義 ........................................................................................ 14 汽油機(jī)增壓的特點(diǎn) ............................................................................................................ 14 汽油機(jī)廢氣渦輪增壓的障礙 ............................................................................................ 15 車用渦輪增壓汽油機(jī)參數(shù)匹配特點(diǎn) ................................................................................ 15 抑制爆振燃燒和降低熱負(fù)荷 ................................................................................. 15 改善渦輪增壓汽油機(jī)的扭矩特性 ......................................................................... 16 改善渦輪增壓汽油機(jī)的加速性 ............................................................................. 16 噴水技術(shù)在汽油機(jī)增壓中的應(yīng)用 ......................................................................... 17 汽油機(jī)增壓的發(fā)展 ................................................................................................. 17 5 發(fā)動機(jī)增壓技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢 ............................................................................................... 20 可變截面渦輪增壓器 ........................................................................................................ 20 新工藝、新材料 ................................................................................................................ 20 IV 新理念 ................................................................................................................................ 21 結(jié) 論 ................................