【正文】
摘 要在全球競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日益激烈的環(huán)境下,競(jìng)爭(zhēng)不再是局限于兩個(gè)企業(yè)之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng),而是不同的供應(yīng)鏈之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。供應(yīng)商作為構(gòu)成企業(yè)供應(yīng)鏈的關(guān)鍵部分,其產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量成為影響企業(yè)核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的關(guān)鍵因素之一。在這樣的形勢(shì)下,企業(yè)與供應(yīng)商之間應(yīng)該建立怎樣的關(guān)系,企業(yè)應(yīng)該如何管理供應(yīng)商,以提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量,已是目前的緊迫課題。本文在研究和理解已有的現(xiàn)代供應(yīng)鏈管理理論的基礎(chǔ)上,提出企業(yè)與供應(yīng)商之間應(yīng)該以提高整體競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力為目的,在質(zhì)量管理上建立平等的合作伙伴關(guān)系。在這種平等的合作伙伴關(guān)系中,企業(yè)應(yīng)該處于主導(dǎo)地位,發(fā)揮主導(dǎo)作用,積極主動(dòng)地對(duì)供應(yīng)商實(shí)施質(zhì)量管理職責(zé);在研究和理解質(zhì)量管理的發(fā)展和原則的基礎(chǔ)上,歸納提出了供應(yīng)商全面質(zhì)量管理的理念。該理念要求企業(yè)放棄傳統(tǒng)的供應(yīng)商質(zhì)量管理理念,即單一的到貨驗(yàn)收機(jī)制,轉(zhuǎn)而對(duì)供應(yīng)商實(shí)施全面質(zhì)量管理,建立用于管理供應(yīng)商方面對(duì)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量有影響的人員、機(jī)器設(shè)備、物料、方法和環(huán)境等因素的系統(tǒng)的質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn),通過質(zhì)量審核、教育培訓(xùn)和信息反饋落實(shí)這些質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn),并最終與供應(yīng)商建立穩(wěn)定的質(zhì)量改進(jìn)和質(zhì)量保證機(jī)制,以降低成本,減少供應(yīng)商在供貨質(zhì)量上的不確定性。作為供應(yīng)商全面質(zhì)量管理理念的應(yīng)用案例,本文簡(jiǎn)單扼要地介紹了蘇州尚美國(guó)際化妝品有限公司的包裝材料供應(yīng)商質(zhì)量管理系統(tǒng),并為公司設(shè)計(jì)了包裝材料供應(yīng)商質(zhì)量管理信息系統(tǒng),目的是為其他企業(yè)開展供應(yīng)商全面質(zhì)量管理提供參考方案。關(guān)鍵詞:供應(yīng)鏈管理;全面質(zhì)量管理;供應(yīng)商質(zhì)量管理ABSTRACTWhen petition bees more and more intensive in the world, The petition exists no longer only between two enterprises, but more between their supply chains. As a key structure of the supply chain, the product quality of the supplier critically affects the key petency of the enterprise. Under this situation, how to set up the relationship between enterprise and its supplier, how to manage the product quality of the supplier bees very urgent.Based on researching and understanding the existing theory of modern management of supply chain management, this article proposes that enterprise and its supplier should both target the increasing of prehensive petency, and set up an equal partnership. Based on this kind of equal relationship, enterprise should position itself as a leader, actively and initiatively take the responsibility of managing the supplier. Based on researching and understanding the development and principle of quality management, this article also raised a concept of supplier total quality management. This concept requires enterprise give up the traditional supplier quality management mode, in other words, the simple systematic quality inspection during reception, but switch to a total quality management of supplier. Set up quality standards to manage the management of supplier staffs, equipments, materials, methods, environment, etc., which will affect the product quality. Then to realize these standards, and finalize a stable quality improving and assurance system by auditing, training, and information feedback, so that to reduce the inconsistency of the product quality of the supplier and also bee cost effective.As an application case for the supplier total quality management concept, this article briefly introduced the supplier quality management system of Beautycos International Co., Limited. Also a supplier quality management information system was designed in order to provide a reference for other enterprises that would like to implement supplier total quality management.KEYWORDS: supply chain management, total quality management, supplier quality management目 錄1 引言 ..................................................................1 課題研究的背景 ....................................................1 課題研究綜述 ......................................................42 實(shí)施供應(yīng)商質(zhì)量管理的必要性及方法 ......................................6 對(duì)供應(yīng)商實(shí)施質(zhì)量管理的必要性 ......................................6 供應(yīng)鏈概念 ....................................................6 供應(yīng)鏈管理 ....................................................7 供應(yīng)商合作伙伴關(guān)系及其建立 ....................................9 供應(yīng)商質(zhì)量管理的方法 .............................................10 質(zhì)量管理的發(fā)展階段 ...........................................10 全面質(zhì)量管理的基本內(nèi)容及特點(diǎn) .................................12 供應(yīng)商質(zhì)量管理的方法 .........................................143 如何推行供應(yīng)商全面質(zhì)量管理 ...........................................15 制定供應(yīng)商質(zhì)量管理標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ...........................................16 審核供應(yīng)商 .......................................................17 培訓(xùn)供應(yīng)商 .......................................................17 進(jìn)貨檢驗(yàn) .........................................................17 不合格品處理 .....................................................18 供應(yīng)商的質(zhì)量績(jī)效評(píng)估 .............................................18 建立供應(yīng)商質(zhì)量管理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) .........................................18 供應(yīng)商質(zhì)量管理信息系統(tǒng)的任務(wù) .................................19 數(shù)據(jù)與數(shù)據(jù)流程 ...............................................20 系統(tǒng)總體結(jié)構(gòu) .................................................21 數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)規(guī)劃 .................................................21 數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)模型 .................................................27 輸出部分 .....................................................294 尚美公司實(shí)施供應(yīng)商全面質(zhì)量管理的成效 .................................30 供應(yīng)商管理的組織結(jié)構(gòu)與流程 .......................................30 供應(yīng)商管理的組織結(jié)構(gòu) .........................................30 供應(yīng)商管理的流程 .............................................31 尚美公司包裝材料供應(yīng)商質(zhì)量管理系統(tǒng) ...............................33 完整的包裝材料質(zhì)量管理標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ...................................33 審核供應(yīng)商 ...................................................35 培訓(xùn)供應(yīng)商 ...................................................36 進(jìn)貨檢驗(yàn)及信息反饋 ...........................................36 績(jī)效評(píng)估及改進(jìn) ...............................................36 尚美公司實(shí)施供應(yīng)商全面質(zhì)量管理的成效總結(jié) .........................385 結(jié)論 .................................................................39致謝 ...................................................................40參考文獻(xiàn) ...............................................................41 1 1 引 言 課題研究的背景蘇州尚美國(guó)際化妝品有限公司(以下簡(jiǎn)稱尚美公司) ,是世界最大的化裝品集團(tuán)——法國(guó)歐萊雅在中國(guó)設(shè)立的獨(dú)資企業(yè)之一。公司目前占地面積為 100,000 平方米,綠化覆蓋率達(dá) 50%以上。公司匯集了一批國(guó)內(nèi)外非常優(yōu)秀的化學(xué)工程師、分析工程師、工藝工程師、設(shè)備工程師、管理人員和技藝嫻熟的操作員,擁有先進(jìn)的生產(chǎn)設(shè)備和檢測(cè)、分析儀器,為滿足顧客及法規(guī)的要求提供了強(qiáng)有力的保障。公司主要生產(chǎn)和銷售歐萊雅、美寶蓮、卡尼爾三大品牌產(chǎn)品,具有年生產(chǎn)一億多件產(chǎn)品的能力。其產(chǎn)品分為唇膏、粉、睫毛膏、粉底液、指甲油、染發(fā)劑、護(hù)膚品等,主要銷往日本、韓國(guó)、香港、臺(tái)灣、印尼、菲律賓、新加坡、泰國(guó)等亞洲地區(qū)和國(guó)內(nèi)各大區(qū)域。尚美公司的包裝材料主要是指用于直接承載化妝品的殼體及其外包裝盒,如用于包裝粉的鋁皿、塑料殼及外包裝紙盒。它們都是最終成品的構(gòu)成部分,將與最終消費(fèi)者見面,所以尚美公司的包裝材料對(duì)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量有直接影響。而由于以下因素的影響,公司必須對(duì)供應(yīng)商進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)有效的質(zhì)量管理。 中國(guó)加入世界貿(mào)易組織(WTO)中國(guó)加入世界貿(mào)易組織(WTO)后,公司出口的產(chǎn)品將享受與其他成員國(guó)同等的關(guān)稅待遇,又由于公司的產(chǎn)品成本相對(duì)較低,所以出口產(chǎn)品數(shù)量占生產(chǎn)總量的比例將不斷增加,公司有望成為整個(gè)亞洲包括日本的供應(yīng)基地。同時(shí),國(guó)外競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者的化妝品也會(huì)以較低的價(jià)格進(jìn)入中國(guó)市