【正文】 東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 學(xué)號(hào)： 水稻工廠(chǎng)化育秧流水線(xiàn)的振動(dòng)式排種器設(shè)計(jì) 學(xué)生姓名： 指導(dǎo)教師： 所在院系：工程學(xué)院 所學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)：農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化及其自動(dòng)化 研究方向：機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì) 東 北 農(nóng) 業(yè) 大 學(xué) 中國(guó) ?哈爾濱 2021 年 6 月 NEAU Bachelor Degree Dissertation Student id: A07110683 Design of Vibration Seeder for Rice Seedling Factory Nurseing Candidate: Instructor: Institute: College of Engineering Major: Agricultural Mechanization and automation Research Interests: Mechanical design Northeast Agriculture University Harbin, China June 2021 摘要 I 摘 要 水稻是我國(guó)主要的糧食作物之一，人工播種育秧勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大，而目前水稻播種器在作業(yè)時(shí)存在傷種，因此急需研制一種新原理、新結(jié)構(gòu)的排種器進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。 結(jié)合水稻機(jī)械化種植的農(nóng)藝要求，在分析國(guó)內(nèi)外水稻秧盤(pán)育秧播種流水線(xiàn)特點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上，著重從精量取種、準(zhǔn)確播種等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)方面進(jìn)行了深入研究。采用振動(dòng)原理，研制了一種振動(dòng)式精密播種裝置，用于水稻工廠(chǎng)化育秧，實(shí)現(xiàn)播種的精確控制；通過(guò)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究與應(yīng)用，設(shè)計(jì)了一種適應(yīng)于水稻秧盤(pán)育秧精密播種的振動(dòng)式水稻秧盤(pán)育秧精密排種器。具體結(jié)果如下：首先，介紹了水稻工廠(chǎng)化育秧播種流水線(xiàn) 的組成和工作原理，進(jìn)而確定了振動(dòng)式排種器的總體結(jié)構(gòu)；采用機(jī)械式定量供種裝置，即勺式排種器，將種子實(shí)時(shí)定量的供應(yīng)給振動(dòng)式排種盤(pán)，完成了對(duì)該核心工作部件的二維結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)；以水稻育秧盤(pán)為工作對(duì)象，采用氣動(dòng)振動(dòng)器驅(qū)動(dòng)，為了適應(yīng)不同秧盤(pán)的育秧播種，完成了不同數(shù)量 V 形槽板數(shù)的振動(dòng)排種盤(pán)的二維結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)； 應(yīng)用 CATIA 軟件，建立了 勺式定量供種裝置和振動(dòng)排種盤(pán)的三維零件建模，并將其裝配在一起； 該排種器利用 勺式排種器將種子從種箱中播出，種子落于篩分板上，經(jīng)振動(dòng)篩分、除雜后，流入到與其安裝為一體的 V 形槽板上，種子流沿 V 形槽板有序排 隊(duì)，最后經(jīng)出口播出。實(shí)現(xiàn)了水稻機(jī)械化秧盤(pán)育秧的播種作業(yè)過(guò)程，可以裝配流水線(xiàn)上，實(shí)現(xiàn)水稻工廠(chǎng)化育秧。 關(guān)鍵詞 ：水稻 育秧 ； 流水線(xiàn) ； 勺式 ； 振動(dòng)式 Abstract II Design of Vibration Seeder for Rice Seedling Factory Nurseing Abstract Rice is one of the main grain crops in China, artificial seeding high labor intensity, and the current rice seeder in operation exist damage. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to develop a new principle, new structure of the metering device was designed. Combined with the requirements of the rice planting mechanization of agronomic, in the analysis of domestic and foreign rice seedling tray seeding line features based on, especially from the precision take, accurate seeding and other key technologies of indepth vibration type precision seed metering device was developed by using the principle of vibration, for factory rice seedling, the precise control of the realization of planting。 through the key technology research and application of design suitable for Tray Nursing Seedlings of rice precision seeding of the vibrating tray nursing seedlings of rice precision seeding device. The main results are as follows:Firstly, this paper introduces the position and working principle of the rice seedling factory seeding assembly, and to determine the vibration row the overall structure。 the mechanical quantitative and suppling device, namely the spoon type row device, the supply of seed quantitative real time PCR to vibration row plate, pleted the design of the twodimensional structure of the core ponents of。 to rice seedling raising disk as the work object, vibrator driven by pneumatic, in order to adapt to the different seedling tray seedling planting, pleted the vibration of different number of Vshaped trough plate number plate of the twodimensional structure design。Application of CATIA software, the establishment of a scoop ration and suppling device and the vibration of metering disc threedimensional modeling of parts and the assembly together。 the seed metering device using scoop metering device will be aired a seed from the seed box, seed falls on the sieving plate, vibration sieving, removing impurities into the installed on one of the Vshaped trough plate, seed flow along the V shaped groove plate orderly queue, the export broadcast. The seeding process of mechanized seedling seedling, can realize the assembly line, rice seedling factory. Key Words： Rice seedlingnursery； Assembly line； Spoon； Vibration type Abstract i 目 錄 摘要 ................................................................................................................................. I Abstract ........................................................................................................................... II 1 緒論 ......................................................................................................................... 1 課題背景 ........................................................................................................... 1 水稻生產(chǎn)情況及意義 ................................................................................... 1 水稻的主要種植模式及分布區(qū)域 ................................................................ 2 水稻種植技術(shù)的多樣性 ............................................................................... 3 超級(jí)稻機(jī)械化播種的難度 ........................................................................... 3 水稻秧盤(pán)育秧播種流水線(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀 ........................................................ 4 秧盤(pán)育秧精密播種裝置 ............................................................................... 4 秧盤(pán) ............................................................................................................ 8 水稻秧盤(pán)育秧播種流水線(xiàn)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) ............................................................... 9 研究目標(biāo)與研究?jī)?nèi)容 ......................................................................................... 9 研究目標(biāo) ..................................................................................................... 9 主要研究?jī)?nèi)容 ............................................................................................. 9 2 水稻秧盤(pán)育秧精密播種機(jī)總體配置 ....................................................................... 10 總體結(jié)構(gòu) ......................................................................................................... 10 振動(dòng)式精密播種裝置結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理 ............................................................. 10 3 氣動(dòng)振盤(pán)基本理論及振動(dòng)器選取 ........................................................................... 12 氣動(dòng)振盤(pán)排種的基本理論 ..............................................