【正文】 軋輥堆焊機(jī)床設(shè)計(jì)（床身及夾具設(shè)計(jì)） 摘要： 鋼軋輥的堆焊技術(shù)已有 30 多年的歷史，它逐步從對(duì)裂紋的修復(fù)和對(duì)磨損部分的修復(fù)發(fā)展到復(fù)合軋輥的生產(chǎn)。目前，軋輥堆焊技術(shù)已是軋鋼廠降低輥耗、提高軋機(jī)作業(yè)率、增加產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量、改善產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、降低生產(chǎn)成本的一項(xiàng)行之有效的措施。其中軋輥堆焊機(jī)修復(fù)廢舊軋輥，運(yùn)用堆焊的方法，不僅使軋輥使用壽命比原來有所提高，而且還實(shí)現(xiàn)廢輥再生，具有重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)意義。 床身是堆焊機(jī)的主要支承件，它支承著堆焊機(jī)的床頭箱，尾座等部件；承受著重力，摩擦力等靜態(tài)力和動(dòng)態(tài)力的作用。其結(jié)構(gòu)的合理性和性能的好壞直接 影響著堆焊機(jī)的制造成本；影響著堆焊機(jī)各部件制件的相對(duì)位置精度和堆焊機(jī)在工作中各運(yùn)動(dòng)部件的相對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡的準(zhǔn)確性，從而影響著工件的加工質(zhì)量；還影響著堆焊機(jī)的工作效率和壽命等。本次設(shè)計(jì)的目的是把普通機(jī)床床身改造為軋輥堆焊機(jī)床床身。 夾具的主要作用為縮短輔助時(shí)間、提高勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率、保證加工精度穩(wěn)定、擴(kuò)大機(jī)床使用范圍 ，減輕勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度。通過對(duì)夾具的作用的了解，結(jié)合軋輥堆焊機(jī)夾具的用途，本文另一設(shè)計(jì)主題是目設(shè)計(jì)一種簡(jiǎn)約經(jīng)濟(jì)的對(duì)軋輥的夾緊裝置 。 關(guān)鍵詞 ：軋輥堆焊機(jī) 、床身 、三爪卡盤、頂尖尾座 Design of Roll welding machine （ The major Design of Bed and fixtures） Abstract: Steel Roll welding technology for more than 30 years of history, it gradually from the crack repair and restoration of the worn part of the development of the posite roll of the production. At present, roll welding technology is reducing rolling mill roll wear and improve mill operations, increase product yield, improve product quality, reduce production costs of a wellestablished measures. One roll of roll welding machine repair waste, the use of welding methods, not only than the original roll life has increased, but also to achieve regeneration of waste roll of great economic significance. Bed is the main supporting pieces of welding machine, welding machine that supports the headstock, tailstock and other ponents。 sustains force, friction and other static force and dynamic force. The rationality of its structure and performance of a direct impact on manufacturing costs of welding machines。 affected parts parts welding machine accuracy and the relative position of each welding machine moving parts in the work of the relative accuracy of the trajectory , Which affects the processing quality of the purpose of this design is to transform the ordinary machine bed roll welding machine bed. The main role is to reduce fixture auxiliary time, improve labor productivity。 ensure accuracy and stability。 to expand the use of machine tools。 reduce labor intensity and lower level understanding of the role of the fixture, with roll welding machine of a fixture designed for another theme of this design project to design a simple economy on the roll of the clamping device. Key words： Roll welding machine Machine Bed Jaw chuck Top Tailstock I 目 錄 1 緒 論 ................................................................................................................................. 1 本課題研究的目的與意義 ............................................................................................ 1 軋輥堆焊機(jī)的現(xiàn)狀 ...................................................................................................... 2 2 機(jī)床床身結(jié)構(gòu)及工藝設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................. 4 床身性能及結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................... 4 床身結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................................................... 4 床身截面的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................................... 4 床身結(jié)構(gòu)工藝設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................... 6 床身材料的選擇和熱處理 ................................................................................... 6 機(jī)床床身工藝設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................................................... 6 床身的作用 .............................................................................................................. 6 床身的工藝分析 ...................................................................................................... 6 確定毛坯的制造形式 .............................................................................................. 7 基準(zhǔn)的選擇 .............................................................................................................. 7 粗基準(zhǔn)的選擇 ................................................................................................... 7 精基準(zhǔn)的選擇 ................................................................................................... 7 制定工藝路線 .......................................................................................................... 7 機(jī)械加工余量及毛坯尺寸的確定 .......................................................................... 8 確定床身毛坯的尺寸公差等級(jí) ..................................................................... 8 確定床身機(jī)械加工余量、毛坯尺寸 ............................................................. 8 床身導(dǎo)軌的要求 ： ...................................................................................................... 9 安裝、調(diào)試及維護(hù) ...................................................................................................... 9 安裝 .......................................................................................................................... 9 螺旋傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的安裝 ...................................................................................... 9 調(diào)試 ....................................................................................................................... 9 3 軋輥堆焊機(jī)夾具 設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................................................................... 11 卡盤發(fā)展趨勢(shì) .............................................................................................................. 11 卡盤組成、原理及作用 ....................................................................................... 12 三爪卡盤的原理 .......................................................................................... 12 三爪卡盤的作用 .......................................................................................... 13 卡盤設(shè)計(jì)的要求 ................................................................................................. 13 軋輥堆焊機(jī)的床頭箱輸出轉(zhuǎn)矩計(jì)算 ................