lipidmetabolism脂類代謝(已修改)
2025-05-26 17:52 本頁面
【正文】 metabolism Huangxiao Linyi university Key notes ? Structures and roles of fatty acids ? Fatty acid breakdown ? Fatty acid synthesis ? Triacylglycerols Structures and roles of fatty acids ? Fatty acids have a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid fatty acids have an even number of carbon atoms in an unbranched fatty acids have no double bonds between the carbon atoms,whereas mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds. Stearic acid (b) ? Fatty acids have four major biological roles: 1)They are ponents of membranes(glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids) 2)Several proteins are covalently modified by fatty acids. 3)They act as energy stores(triacylglycerols) and fuel molecules. 4)Fatty acid derivatives serve as hormones and intracellular second messengers. Fatty acid breakdown ? Overview ? Activation ? Transport into mitochondria ? βoxidation pathway ? Energy yield ? Ketone bodies ? Fatty acid breakdown brings about the oxidation of longchain fatty fatty acids are first converted to their acyl coenzyme A derivatives and then degraded by the successive removal of twocarbon units from the end of the fatty acid as acetyl CoA. In cytosol C H 3 ( C H 2 ) 1 1 C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C O O H F a t t y a c i dCoASH ATPA M P + P P i H2O2PiC H 3 ( C H 2 ) 1 1 C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C O ~ S C o A A c y l C o AAcyl CoA synthetase acid activation RCOOH + CoA— SH RCO~SCoA Acyl CoA synthetase ATP AMP+PPi Mg2+ H2O 2Pi the reaction is irreversible fatty acid
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