【正文】 哈爾濱 工業(yè)大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） I 摘要 道路在整個(gè)交通運(yùn)輸中的地位愈來重要，占據(jù)著整個(gè)交通運(yùn)輸?shù)慕话脒\(yùn)輸量。目前，道路建設(shè)的作用顯得尤為突出。本次公路設(shè)計(jì)是山嶺重丘區(qū)二級(jí)路的常規(guī)設(shè)計(jì)，分為初步設(shè)計(jì)和詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)兩大部分。 初步設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)首先要確定道路的等級(jí)，然后據(jù)此在所給定的地形圖上選出兩條的不同的路線來進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容包括線路的平面設(shè)計(jì)、縱斷面設(shè)計(jì)、橫斷面設(shè)計(jì)以及確定橋涵的位置，最后對(duì)所選的兩條路線進(jìn)行方案比選，從中選擇最佳方案。 詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)是在初步設(shè)計(jì)的路線中選擇了 路段而進(jìn)行的。具體地，平面設(shè)計(jì)與初步設(shè)計(jì)中的大體一致，縱斷面設(shè)計(jì)作了 較大的調(diào)整，在土石方計(jì)算與調(diào)配之后，還對(duì)路基、排水（尤其是涵洞）和路面進(jìn)行了重點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)。 最后進(jìn)行工程預(yù)算的編制。本次設(shè)計(jì)主要是進(jìn)行建筑安裝費(fèi)的計(jì)算。 關(guān)鍵詞 平曲線 豎曲線 涵洞 路基 路面 預(yù)算 哈爾濱 工業(yè)大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） II Abstract The position of road in all the transportations bees more and more important, nearly half of transportation. At present, the function of road construction is outstanding. This highway design is a general one which is about a secondary road in a mountainous area, and it’s made up of preliminary design and detailed design. In the part of preliminary design, the first step is determining the grade of the highway. Then, according to this grade to choose two routes in given terrain map. Up to date, the design is started really. The content includes the plane design, the vertical section design, the transect design and the choosing of position for bridges and culverts. The last step is choosing the better project and the choice should been made between the two routes which have been selected. In the part of detailed design, the first step is picking out one point four kilometers routes from the preliminary design. Concretely, the plane design is same as the preliminary one, the vertical section design has been adjusted before the volume of earth and rock. After this, subgrade, pavement and drainage (especially culverts) have been designed in stress. At the last step, we should pile the project budget. This design is primary about calculating architectural and installing cost. Keywords plane curve vertical curve culvert subgrade pavement budget 哈爾濱 工業(yè)大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） III 目錄 摘要 ............................................................................................................................... I Abstract........................................................................................................................ II 第 1 章 緒論 ............................................................................................................... 1 項(xiàng)目背景 .......................................................................................................... 1 我國的公路現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................................. 1 道路建設(shè)的必要性及可行性研究 ................................................................ 2 自然情況對(duì)道路設(shè)計(jì)與施工的影響 ............................................................ 2 氣象、水文條件的影響 .......................................................................... 2 工程地質(zhì)、土壤植被的影響 ................................................................. 3 沿線植被及土壤分布情況 ...................................................................... 3 道路建筑材料及分布情況 ...................................................................... 3 第 2 章 初步勘測(cè)與設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................... 4 道路等級(jí)的確定 ............................................................................................. 4 選線與定線 ...................................................................................................... 5 選線的原則 .............................................................................................. 5 選擇路線方案 .......................................................................................... 6 平面設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................................... 7 起終點(diǎn)及各交點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)、轉(zhuǎn)角的確定 ..................................................... 7 平曲線設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................. 8 簡單圓曲線計(jì)算 .................................................................................... 8 帶有緩和曲線的平曲線計(jì)算 ............................................................... 9 縱斷面設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................... 11 縱坡設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................. 11 豎曲線設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................ 11 豎曲線要素計(jì)算 ..................................................................................... 12 豎曲線起、終點(diǎn)及其上各樁號(hào)高程的計(jì)算 ....................................... 12 橫斷面設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................... 12 路面、橋涵設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................ 13 路面設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................................... 13 橋涵設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................................... 13 方案比選 ........................................................................................................ 14 路線方案比選的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo) ..................................................................... 15 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） IV 路線方案的比選結(jié)果 ................................................................................ 16 第 3 章 詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................................... 17 詳細(xì)技術(shù)測(cè)量 ............................................................................................... 17 確定詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)的路段 ............................................................................ 17 等高線的加密 ........................................................................................ 17 詳細(xì)平面設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................... 17 詳細(xì)縱斷面設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................... 17 詳細(xì)