【正文】 河南城建學院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 摘要 I 基于 MATLAB 的電力系統(tǒng)潮流計算 摘 要 潮流計算是電力系統(tǒng)最基本、最常用的計算。根據(jù)系統(tǒng)給定的運行條件、網(wǎng)絡(luò)接線及元件參數(shù)，通過潮流計算可以確定各母線的電壓（幅值及相角），各元件中流過的功率、整個系統(tǒng)的功率損耗等。潮流計算是實現(xiàn)電力系統(tǒng)安全經(jīng)濟發(fā)供電的必要手段和重要工作環(huán)節(jié)。因此潮流計算在電力系統(tǒng)的規(guī)劃設(shè)計、生產(chǎn)運行、調(diào)度管理及科學研究中都有著廣泛的應(yīng)用。 本次設(shè)計的主要目的就是面向一般的電力網(wǎng)絡(luò)，形成節(jié)點導納矩陣，確定合適的算法，編寫通用的計算程序，得到 計算結(jié)果。設(shè)計中主要介紹了牛頓拉夫遜和 PQ 分解兩種算法， PQ分解法雖然在結(jié)構(gòu)上比牛頓法更加簡化，但是針對一般網(wǎng)絡(luò)現(xiàn)代計算機在存儲空間及計算速度上已經(jīng)十分強大，鑒于對牛頓 法的熟悉與其算法的直觀性，本次設(shè)計在編程時采用了牛頓拉夫遜法的直角 坐標形式。解方程的過程利用 Matlab 的強大計算功能，編寫 M 語言，合理設(shè)置變量，實現(xiàn)通用計算功能。 關(guān)鍵詞 : 電力系統(tǒng)，潮流計算， 牛頓 — 拉夫遜法， Matlab。 河南城建學院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） Abstract II Abstract Power system load flow calculation is the most basic and monly used calculations. Given according to the system operating conditions, the work connection and device parameters can be determined by power flow calculation of the bus voltage (magnitude and phase angle), the power flowing through the ponents, overall system power consumption and so on. Flow calculation is to achieve economic development of power system supply the necessary means and important part of the work. Therefore flow calculation in power system planning and design, production and operation, scheduling management, and scientific research have a wide range of applications. The main purpose of this design is for the general electricity work, the formation of the node admittance matrix, determine the appropriate method, the preparation of generalpurpose puter program to get results. Introduces the design and the PQ deposition Newton Raphson two algorithms, PQ deposition although the structure is more streamlined than the Newton method, but for the general work of modern puter storage space and puting speed has been very strong, in view of the Newton Familiar with its intuitive algorithm, this design in programming using Newton Raphson polar form. The process of solving equations using matlab powerful puting capabilities, the preparation of M language, a reasonable set variables, to achieve generalpurpose puting functions. Keywords: power system, power flow calculation, Newton Raphson method, Matlab. 河南城建學院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 目錄 III 目錄 摘 要 .............................................................................................................................. I Abstract .............................................................................................................................. II 目錄 .................................................................................................................................. III 1 引言 ................................................................................................................................. 1 潮流計算目的 ......................................................................................................... 1 潮流計算意義 ......................................................................................................... 1 潮流計算發(fā)展史 ..................................................................................................... 1 基于 MATLAB 的電力系統(tǒng)潮流計算發(fā)展前景 ......................................................... 2 2簡單電力系統(tǒng)潮流計算 ...................................................................................................... 4 ........................................................................................ 4 ................................................................... 4 輻射型網(wǎng)絡(luò)的手工潮流計算方法 .................................................................. 6 簡單環(huán)網(wǎng)的潮流計算 ............................................................................................... 7 兩端電壓相等 ................................................................................................ 7 兩端電壓不相等 ............................................................................................. 8 3 復雜電力系統(tǒng)潮流計算的計 算機算法 .............................................................................. 10 ...................................................................................... 10 ...................................................................................... 11 ........................................................................................................... 14 PQ節(jié)點 ................................................................................................... 14 PV節(jié)點 ................................................................................................... 14 平衡節(jié)點 ............................................................................................... 14 ............................................................................................. 15 牛頓 拉夫遜法（直角坐標） .................................................................................. 15 拉夫遜法的推導過程 ......................................................................... 15 （直角坐標） .......................................................... 17 : .................................................................................... 19 拉夫遜法計算步驟 ............................................................................. 19 PQ分解法潮流計算 ............................................................................................. 20 PQ分解法潮流計算概述 ........................................................................... 20 PQ分解法的潮流計算步驟 ........................................................................ 20 PQ分解法的特點 ...................................................................................... 21 4 Matlab概述 ................................................................................................................... 22