【正文】 無齒同步曳引電梯的監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 1 摘 要 隨著城市人口的增加和人們物質(zhì)文化生活水平的提高，高層建筑的數(shù)量在快速增加，電梯的使用量也隨之急劇增加。為滿足高校實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)對電梯技術(shù)的需要，本文研究了六層電梯模型的設(shè)計方法。 電梯監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)同樣是電梯技術(shù)的熱點(diǎn)。它為電梯維修保養(yǎng)單位和電梯使用單位對電梯的集中管理提供了一種強(qiáng)有力的手段。它能提供電梯運(yùn)行狀態(tài)，及時獲得對電梯日常運(yùn)行的記錄和監(jiān)測資料，實(shí)現(xiàn)故障的早期預(yù)告、診斷及處理，確保電梯的運(yùn)行、維護(hù)和管理。因此，本文在電梯模型的基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計了電梯的監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)。 在分析現(xiàn)代常用電梯拖動方案和控制方案的基 礎(chǔ)上，本文采用了一種先進(jìn)的無齒曳引變頻驅(qū)動方案和可靠的 PLC 控制方案。無齒輪電梯用低速大轉(zhuǎn)矩永磁同步電動機(jī)在電梯的應(yīng)用是目前的熱點(diǎn)研究之一，其研究具有重要的科學(xué)意義和實(shí)用價值。國內(nèi)在這方面的應(yīng)用尚處于起步階段。而在我國實(shí)際工程設(shè)計中， PLC 由于具有可靠性高、抗干擾能力強(qiáng)、功能強(qiáng)大、可擴(kuò)展性強(qiáng)、成本低等優(yōu)點(diǎn)被廣泛應(yīng)用。 在進(jìn)行控制系統(tǒng)的硬件實(shí)現(xiàn)時，本文分析比較了控制系統(tǒng)各主要組成環(huán)節(jié)的硬件實(shí)現(xiàn)方式和特點(diǎn)，從而完成了整個控制系統(tǒng)的硬件選型與設(shè)計。在電梯的使用中最被人們重視的就是安全問題，所以對電梯的各種保護(hù)環(huán)節(jié) 重點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計。 本課題控制系統(tǒng)軟件的設(shè)計分兩部分進(jìn)行。一方面是下位機(jī) PLC 用戶程序的設(shè)計，它包括了十個環(huán)節(jié)，重點(diǎn)是保護(hù)程序的設(shè)計和測取減速點(diǎn)程序的設(shè)計。另一方面是上位機(jī)組態(tài)軟件的設(shè)計，本文采用組態(tài)王 完成了各種動畫畫面的制作，完成了控制系統(tǒng)的組態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)采集和監(jiān)視軟件設(shè)計。組態(tài)軟件的畫面運(yùn)行效果良好。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 電梯； PLC；組態(tài)軟件；監(jiān)控 無齒同步曳引電梯的監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 2 Abstract With the increase in urban population and people39。s material and cultural improvement of living standards, the number of highrise buildings rapid increase so that the use of elevators also will be increased dramatically. To meet the needs of elevator technology of experimental teaching, the sixstory elevator model has been designed. Elevator Monitor System is also a hotspot of elevator technique, which is a strong concentrated management means for those people who maintain and use elevator. We can get the elevator daily running record and information through monitor its running condition by this technique that can help people know the elevator failure in advance then make judgment and take action accordingly,which benefit to elevator management. Therefore, this paper designed the elevator monitoring system based on the model of elevator. Based on the analysis of dragging system and control system, an advanced gearless drive and reliable PLC control are uesd in this ， the research on low speed and hightorque permanent magic synchronous machine Which using in gearless elevator are getting more and more attention in the flelds of motors， and has great science significance and application value. However， the study of this kind of motor in our country just starts. In actual engineering design in our country, PLC is popular applied in virtue of its advantage such as highreliability,excellent antijamming ability,strong function,wonderful expansibility and low cost etc. When we use the hardware to construct the control system ,this artic analyzes and pares the hardware realization way and the characteristic of main position link of control system,thus it pletes hardware shaping and designing of the entire control the using of elevator, safety is the most important topic, many protections about elevator are designed carefully. The control system software design of this article has two parts:one is the lower position machine PLC software design,it includes 10 programme of deceleration point and protection has designed other is the top machine configuration software design:it pletes the data collection and the monitoring software design using King View Software and the making of various animation software screen is running well. KeyWords:elevator model。 PLC。 configuration software。 Monitor 無齒同步曳引電梯的監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 3 目錄 摘要 .............................................................................................................................. 1 Abstract ........................................................................................................................ 2 第 1 章緒論 ................................................................................................................ 1 第 2 章電梯電氣方案設(shè)計 .................................................................................... 2 主拖動方式的選擇設(shè)計 ................................................................................... 2 交流調(diào)壓調(diào)速電力拖動方式 ................................................................. 2 變頻調(diào)速電力拖動方式 ......................................................................... 2 永磁同步電動機(jī)拖動方式 ..................................................................... 3 控制系統(tǒng)的選擇設(shè)計 ....................................................................................... 4 微機(jī)控制系統(tǒng) ......................................................................................... 4 可編程控制器（ PLC）控制系統(tǒng) ................................................................... 5 第 3 章電梯硬件系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 .................................................................................... 6 主要器件的選擇 ............................................................................................... 6 曳引電動機(jī) ............................................................................................. 6 的選擇 ............................................................................................. 7 變頻器的選擇 ......................................................................................... 8 旋轉(zhuǎn)編碼器的選擇 ................................................................................. 9 主電路及輔助電路的設(shè)計 ............................................................................. 10 接口電路設(shè)計 ............................................................................... 11 主拖動電路及反饋電路設(shè)計 ............................................................... 11 電梯保護(hù)環(huán)節(jié)的硬件綜合設(shè)計 ........................................................... 15 開放及關(guān)閉電梯和照明電路 ............................................................... 18 本章小結(jié) ......................................................................................................... 18 第 4 章 軟件系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 ......................................................................................... 19 下位機(jī)控制軟件設(shè)計 ..................................................................................... 19 電梯超載和防夾人控制程序 ............................................................... 19 測取每層減速點(diǎn)的程序 ..............................................................