世界需求和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力對(duì)出口和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的影響外文翻譯(已修改)
2025-06-01 17:53 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 中文 3450 字 本科畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯原文 外文題目 ： Effects of World Demand and Competitiveness on Exports and Economic Growth 出 處： Growth and Change (,Winter 1994,) 作 者： JESSIE POON 原 文： Effects of World Demand and Competitiveness on Exports and Economic Growth Introduction The role of exports in economic growth has been much debated since the 1950s. Two viewpoints characterize the development literature on the relationship between exports and economic growth. The first considers that economic growth is a consequence of favorable internal and supplyrelated factors. Exports promote growth because they stimulate the efficient use of these factors for economic production and enable a country or region to remain petitme (Bhagwati 1988。 Kravis 1973。 Riedel 1987). In the second viewpoint, the success of exportled growth is said to rest on a favorable trade environment which depends on the economic prosperity of core regions. This demandoriented viewpoint suggests that exports are not expected to expand faster than the demand for them by core regions (. Lewis 1980。 Nurkse 1961。 Prebisch 1962). The difference between the two viewpoints lies in the weight given to the mechanisms determining the link exports and economic growth. One oute of the polarization of the literature is that regions trying to develop are confronted with development models which often assume dualistic forms. For example inward versus outward trade orientation, or, export versus import substitution strategies.39。 Broadly, these dualisms are circum scribed in what has e to be known as the export optimismexport pessi mism debate(Bhagwati 1988). The need to collapse the export optimismexport pessimism dualism for a more integrative perspective has been raised by Streeten (1982). Increasingly too, the literature suggests that a mix of both perspectives merits a closer look (. Gereffi 1989). This paper examines the relationship between export growth and economic growth within an integrative framework. It argues that developing countries (abbreviated to LDCs) are rather differentiated in their economic structures so that the relationship between exports and economic growth is likely to vary. Thus, it is unlikely that the above relationship may be fully explained by one viewpoint. Two variables, world demand and petitiveness, capturing demandoriented as well supplyoriented explanations of the mechanisms linking export growth to ine growth are first established. The two variables are then incorporated into an exportsgrowth model, and, their effects on the aforemen tinned relationship investigated. The primary units of analysis are developing countries, although the study is also relevant to regional development. Particularly when developing countries may be conceived as regional units, except that many of the decisions governing economic growth in the former are made at the national level. The paper is organized as follows: the next section documents the theoritical and empirical underpinnings of export optimism as well as export pessimism , and their resulting polarized positions . The model for investigating integration is introduced next, followed by a discussion of the data and results. The paper ends with a summary of the findings and their implications. The Exportsgrowth Debate The question as to whether economic growth may be rapidly promoted through exports is characterized by two schools of thought: Export
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)推薦
鄂ICP備17016276號(hào)-1