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1 杭州電子工業(yè)學院 畢業(yè)設計(論文) 題 目 啤酒發(fā)酵過程中的 PLC應用 分 院 自 動 化 學 院 專 業(yè) 自 動 化 班 級 99612 姓 名 指導教師 柴利 呂永杰 俞文光 2020 年 06 月 01 日 2 啤酒發(fā)酵過程中的 PLC 應用 摘要 發(fā)酵技術是世界上最先進的農(nóng)藝生物工程學技術。在啤酒釀造過程中有三種主要的成分:水,谷物和 HOPS(啤酒花 )。盡管酵母被認為是發(fā)酵過程的催化劑,而不僅僅它自身只是作為一種成分,但它仍然是釀造過程中一個很基本的因素。作為一門學問,或者說是一門藝術也好,釀造也是很基本的。而不僅僅是將水和谷物轉化成啤酒的一個簡單過程。最基礎的就是,它是由下列過程組成的:谷物(主要是麥汁)和水的混合物,酵母是用來促進發(fā)酵的,啤酒花則是用來增加 芳香和氣味的。 發(fā)酵控制系統(tǒng)的任務就是將發(fā)酵酒液的實際溫度控制在和標準發(fā)酵曲線相差有限的誤差范圍內 。 啤酒生產(chǎn)過程分為麥芽制造、麥芽汁制造、前發(fā)酵、后發(fā)酵、過濾滅菌、包裝等幾道工 。其中前發(fā)酵是啤酒發(fā)酵的主要過程,在這個過程中,酵母完成了增殖,厭氧發(fā)酵及其沉淀回收等。這個過程消耗了大部分可發(fā)酵性糖和可同化性氮等麥汁成分,排出的發(fā)酵代謝產(chǎn)物即啤酒的主要組成。而后發(fā)酵就是對主發(fā)酵的殘?zhí)抢^續(xù)發(fā)酵,達到要求的發(fā)酵度,排除氧氣,增加酒精中的 CO2 的溶解量。促進發(fā)酵液成熟,改善口味,促進啤酒自然澄清,使其具有良好的穩(wěn)定性。 我們是用 SIMATIC S7 來控制啤酒發(fā)酵的這個過程,編寫程序主要控制溫度、 CIP、麥汁進罐等。選擇硬件并實現(xiàn)它們之間的聯(lián)系,編寫 OB,FB ,FC 等,并通過在 OB 中調用 FB,FC 等來實現(xiàn)程序。并到現(xiàn)場進行調試。 當以 STEP 7 編程時,不要求特別的順序,但是,在大多數(shù)項目中必須滿足某些基本的任務。編程的內容主要包括梯形圖和語句表,在我編寫的程序中,主要是語句表,在語句表中,遞增地檢查語法,如果你使用語句表指令編寫程序,則 STEP 7 在你輸入每一指令之后檢查語法。 關鍵詞 啤酒 發(fā)酵 PLC( SIMATIC S7) 溫度控制 CIP。 3 The Apply of PLC in the Process of Beer Ferment Abstracts Ferment technology is a most advanced agriculture bioengineering technology in the world. there are three main ingredients in beer – water grain and hops. Yeast is also a basic part of the brewing process, although it is considered a catalyst for fermentation rather than an ingredient in and of itself。 As much an art as a science, brewing is the fundamental, yet notsosimple practice of changing water and grain into beer. At its most basic, the process consists of the mixture of grain (primarily malted barley) and water, yeast is introduced to initiate fermentation and hops are added for flavor and aroma. The task of ferment control system is to make the real temperature of ferment liquid as large as the standard ferment curve, the progress of beer production consists of malt production, wort production, former ferment、 latter ferment、 filtration、 casing and so on. Former ferment is the main ferment process of these, in this course , yeast achieves proliferate ,oxygendetested ferment and deposition reclaim etc. This process consumes most wheat liquor ponent. and the ferment metabolize outes are the main constitute of beer. Latter ferment is the goon of the former ferment, it aims at higher degree of ferment, get rid of O2, and increase the melt quantity of CO2 in the alcohol. promote the liquid of ferment to maturate ,improve taste and make the beer clear naturally. Afterwords it can be delivered to filtrate。 We use SIMATIC STEP7 to control the process of beer ferment, pile program primarily to control temperature、 CIP and so on. we choose hardware and carry out the contact between them, pile OB、 FB、 FC and so on ,and via transferring FB, FC in OB to e true the program. It doesn’t need special order when programming with STEP 7, but it must meet some basic task in the most items。 The contents of programming primarily contain echelon plot and sentence list, It majored in sentence list in the program I pile, and in it , STEP 7 will check the parlance after you input an instruction if you pile a program with a sentence list Key Words Beer ferment PLC( SIMATIC STEP 7) temperature controlling CIP 4 目 錄 第一章 引言 ................................................................................................................................. 5 第二章 PLC 概述 ......................................................................................................................... 6 由來和發(fā)展 ......................................................................................................................... 6 工作原理 ............................................................................................................................. 6 構成 .................................................................................................................................... 6 特點 .................................................................................................................................... 7 優(yōu)勢 .................................................................................................................................... 8 SIMATIC S7 介紹 ................................................................................................................. 9 第三章 啤酒的概述 .....................................................................................................................11 啤酒的生理作用 .................................................................................................................11 世界啤酒的歷史 .................................................................................................................11 我國的啤酒歷史 : ............................................................................................................. 12 啤酒的生產(chǎn)工藝流程圖 : .................................................................................................. 12 研究啤酒的意義 ................................................................................................................ 13 啤酒發(fā)展的前景 ................................................................................................................ 14 第四章 控制初步設計 ................................................................................................................. 15 前言 .................................................................................................................................. 15 主要流程的 控制 ................................................................................................................. 15 第五章 詳細控制方案 .............................................................................