【正文】 （英語）高二英語語法填空專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練及答案含解析一、高中英語語法填空1．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Since ________ first fully artificial plastic was invented in 1907, humans ________(find) innumerable uses for the material. It has found ________(it) way into our tools, our clothes and even our bodies. In a new study in ________(environment) science and technology, researchers estimate the average American eats more than 50,000 pieces of microplastic particles, ________(small) than 5 millimeters in length every year and breathes in another 50,000. Although the health ________(effect) of consuming these tiny bits of plastic are unclear, researchers stress the real volume that people are ________(casual) swallowing is alarming. The largest contributor came ________ drinking bottled water, in ________ the bottle itself added more than 32 times more plastic to a diet ________(pare) with tap water, The Guardian reports.【答案】 the；have found；its；environmental；smaller；effects；casually；from；which；pared 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章提出了人工塑料滲入到我們生活的方方面面。在環(huán)境科學(xué)與技術(shù)的一項(xiàng)新研究中，研究人員估計(jì)，美國人平均每年吃掉5萬多塊塑料微粒，這些微粒的長度小于5毫米，再吸入5萬粒塑料微粒。主要誘因是飲用瓶裝水。 （1）考查冠詞。句意：自從1907年第一個(gè)完全人工塑料被發(fā)明以來。根據(jù)first可知此處用冠詞the。故填the。 （2）考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：人類已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種材料的無數(shù)用途。since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間從句要用一般過去時(shí)，主句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。分析句子成分可知，主語是humans，故謂語動(dòng)詞為have found。故填have found。 （3）考查代詞。句意：它已經(jīng)滲入我們的工具、我們的衣服甚至我們的身體。way是名詞，此處應(yīng)該用形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞。故填its。 （4）考查形容詞。句意：在環(huán)境科學(xué)與技術(shù)的一項(xiàng)新研究中。此處要用形容詞修飾名詞science and technology（科學(xué)與技術(shù)）。故填environmental。 （5）考查形容詞。句意：美國人平均每年吃掉5萬多塊塑料微粒，這些微粒的長度小于5毫米，再吸入5萬粒塑料微粒。根據(jù)than可知此處要用形容詞比較級。故填smaller。 （6）考查名詞。句意：盡管食用這些小塑料碎片對健康的影響尚不清楚。根據(jù)the health是主語的一部分，可知此處用名詞作主語，且謂語動(dòng)詞是are，故用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，填effects。 （7）考查副詞。句意：但研究人員強(qiáng)調(diào)，人們隨意吞下的塑料碎片的實(shí)際數(shù)量令人擔(dān)憂。此處要用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞swallowing 。故填casually。 （8）考查介詞。句意：最大促成物來自飲用瓶裝水。e from，固定短語，“來自”。故填from。 （9）考查定語從句。句意：瓶裝水在日常飲食中添加的塑料量是自來水的32倍多。分析句子成分可知，先行詞為drinking bottled water，指物，且作in的賓語，故此處填which。故填which。 （10）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：瓶裝水在日常飲食中添加的塑料量是自來水的32倍多。分析句子可知，the bottle itself與pare在邏輯上是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填pared。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及冠詞，時(shí)態(tài)，代詞，形容詞，名詞，介詞，副詞，定語從句以及非謂語動(dòng)詞的等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。2．閱讀下列材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 The annual Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival is Harbin39。s main tourist highlight. It is the world39。s biggest winter festival. The ________(bitter) cold winters are just right for this festival. ________sets the Harbin festival apart is the scale and size of the sculptures and the________(beauty) lighting. It is bigger than ________ ones in Sapporo, Norway, and Quebec. At first, mainly Chinese________(participate), but in the last decade, it has bee an international festival and ________(pete). As the festival grows in international participation, and as China39。s economy grows, the size of the snow sculptures and ice architecture exhibits keeps ________(grow) The work going into making these exhibits is astounding, and their size and beauty is amazing. The lightning ________(effect)on the huge ice sculptures in the Ice and Snow World are technologically plex. Officially the festival ________(hold) from the end of December through February. Opening dates keep changing, and ending dates partly depends ________ the weather. The Sun Island Scenic Area will be opened from Dec. 21 to Feb. 28.【答案】 bitterly；What；beautiful；the；participated；petition；growing；effects；is held；on 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了哈爾濱冰雕節(jié)的發(fā)展和現(xiàn)狀。 （1）考查副詞。空處修飾形容詞cold，需用副詞修飾作狀語，故填bitterly。 （2）考查主語從句。 sets the Harbin festival apart 是主語從句，此句中缺主語，故填What。 （3）考查形容詞。形容詞修飾名詞作定語。故填beautiful。 （4）考查冠詞?？蘸蟮膐nes指代festivals，后面給出了具體的地點(diǎn)作定語，因此是特指，用定冠詞，故填the。 （5）考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)At first，可知講述的是過去的事情，用一般過去時(shí)，故填participated。 （6）考查名詞。此空與前面的 festival 并列，作表語，故填petition. （7）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。keep doing ，”繼續(xù)做某事“，動(dòng)名詞作賓語，故填growing。 （8）考查名詞。根據(jù)本句的謂語動(dòng)詞are，可知名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語，故填effects。 （9）考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。本句描述的是現(xiàn)在的客觀情況，謂語動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；the festival與hold之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故填is held。 （10）考查介詞。depend on/upon固定短語，”依靠“，故填on/upon。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及副詞，主語從句，形容詞，冠詞，時(shí)態(tài)，名詞，非謂語動(dòng)詞，時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)以及介詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。3．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或摘號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Students at a primary school in Hangzhou had their first class________March 1st on movable type. This is________ancient Chinese printing system. The West Lake Primary School in Zhejiang Province introduced the course at the beginning of this new term. So far, the school________(invite) an expert in Chinese characters culture to the campus,________major responsibility is to teach students how to use the ancient printing technology. Students attend lectures on the history of movable type along with ________(interest) classes on typesetting and printing. They then print their own document, ________(apply) t