【正文】 （英語）高一英語閱讀理解解題技巧及練習(xí)題一、高中英語閱讀理解1．閱讀理解 Oil is essential for modern life. About 64 percent of the world39。s oil is located in the Middle East, but the heaviest consumers of oil are Europe, America, and Japan. The problem lies in getting the oil from the countries that produce it to the countries that consume it. This is mainly done using oil tankers. Usually the oil is shipped safely and with no problems, but occasionally there is a disaster. Every year millions of tons of oil are spilled into the ocean. Although this is only a small percentage of the total amount shipped around the world each year, this spilled oil can have terrible effects on ocean life, including the coastlines where the oil washes up onto shore. One of the worst oil spills in history occurred along the Alaskan coastline in 1989, when the Exxon Valdez tanker ran aground off the coast of Alaska, spilling 42 million liters of oil. Although it wasn39。t the largest oil spill, the disaster was terrible because it occurred in such a sensitive natural area. In this spill, the tanker39。s captain, who was tired from overwork and drinking alcohol, had gone to take a rest. He gave control of the ship to another sailor, who was unfamiliar with the route. The ship ran onto Bligh Reef. Damaged by the reef, the ship leaked oil out into the ocean. More than 1,600 kilometers of coastline were affected by the oil spill. Many birds and otters died as a result of the oil covering their skin, and many other sea creatures and the animals that fed on them were also severely affected.（1）Which country is NOT among the largest consumers of oil? A.JapanB.IraqC.AmericaD.Germany（2）What does the underlined “them” refer to? A.The birds.B.The otters.C.The sea creatures.D.The birds and the otters.（3）Which of the following statement is true? A.The oil leak of Alaska is because the captain was unfamiliar with the route.B.Many birds and otters died from eating the spilled oil.C.Alaska spill was the most serious spill of all time.D.Although some oil leak is not serious, it will affect ocean life.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一次嚴(yán)重的油船漏油事件。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段可知，最大的耗油國為歐洲的國家，美國和日本。Iraq“伊拉克”不屬于其中之一，故選B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段可知，很多以海洋生物為食的動(dòng)物也都因?yàn)橛痛┯投艿搅擞绊憽９蔬xC。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段可知，A選項(xiàng)的漏油事件是由于船長勞累和喝酒去休息了，另一個(gè)水手不熟悉路線而造成的。B選項(xiàng)不是死于吃油，而是死于羽毛被油粘住了。C選項(xiàng)Alaska漏油事件并非史上最嚴(yán)重的。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解 They have beaten us at chess, and now puters are taking a step into a very human territory: the reading prehension test, which schoolchildren everywhere are suffering. Alibaba said its artificial research outperformed mere mortals (凡人) in a global reading test that seeks answers to such pressing questions as what was Nikola Tesla39。s ethnicity? and how big is the Amazon rainforest? Luo Si referred to the machines39。 victory as a milestone. He said the technology has many uses, from customer service to museum tutorials to medical enquiressome of which are already being handled by chatbots (聊天機(jī)器人) globally. In the test, panies subjected their artificial intelligence systems to queries from the Stanford Question Answering Dataset, which assessed reading prehension. The puters39。 answers were pared against average human responses and ranked. Tying in top place were Microsoft, the US software giant, and Alibaba, the Chinese tech group that began with emerce andlike its peers at home and abroadis ploughing more funds into AI, much of it via its research arm. While Microsoft and Alibaba won by the slimmest of marginsat accuracy levels a few basis points above humans39。 per cent in providing exact matches to questionsthe tie provided a fitting symbol of the AI arms race between the US and China. China aims to use its vast troves (寶庫)of data, collected from its billion population including 730 million who are online, and deep pockets to overtake the US in creating a $150 billion industry that is seen as the next industrial revolution. AI is already being harnessed in everything from driverless cars to customising newsfeeds. While China39。s drive is being spearheaded by government, it is cultivating homegrown tech giants including Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent to leap ahead of the US. Baidu made an early bet on AI, and is leading its rivals in autonomous driving. Tencent, which boasts just shy of 1 billion monthly active users on its social media WeChat app, and Alibaba have adopted AI in operations such as customizing news and ads, and are investing in new fields.（1）What does Luo Si think of Al39。s performance in reading prehension? feels frightened at it. has some doubts about it. thinks highly of it. considers it worth a try.（2）How did the reading test carry on for Al? allowing them to interact with humans. asking them to answer questions. giving them questions to analyze. making them pete with chatbots.（3）What does China depend on to lead in Al? new industrial revolution. huge market of $150 billion industry investment. data from its billion population and huge amounts of treasure. cooperation between Chinese government and Microsoft.（4）In which field does Baidu do better than its rivals? medical enquires. customer service. news feeds. driverless cars.【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了人工智能的發(fā)展。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段“Luo Si referred to the machines39。 victory as ‘a(chǎn) milestone’. He said the technology has many uses, from customer service to museum tutorials to medical enquiressome of which are already being handled by chatbots (聊天機(jī)器人) globally.”可知司羅把機(jī)器取得的這個(gè)勝利稱為一個(gè)里程碑，稱該技術(shù)有很多用途，從客戶服務(wù)、博物館講解，到醫(yī)療查詢，其中一些在全球范圍已經(jīng)由聊天機(jī)器人處理。他對人工智能評價(jià)很高，所以選C。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段“In