【正文】 yed the food very that is widely ______that smoking can cause the accident is still a plete Keys:1—5 ABABC 6—10 AABAC 11—15 BBCAB 16—20 BCBAA第二章 “It”用法及其句型和固定搭配講解“It” 用法及其句型和固定搭配，是高中英語語法的重點、難點，又是近幾年高考的熱點，因此應(yīng)給予充分的重視，現(xiàn)將it用法歸納如下：一、It用作實詞表達(dá)以下概念:指代前文提到的事物，前文中的this, that；替代前文中的內(nèi)容；指代一位性別不明的小孩或未知的人；指代未指明但談話雙方都知道的那件事；指代時間、天氣、氣候、距離等自然現(xiàn)象??二、It用作形式主語替代作主語的從句、動詞不定式、動名詞，而把真正作主語的從句、動詞不定式、動名詞置于句尾。It 作形式主語的常見句型：，其句型為(1)It be adj.(for sb.)to do ：easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal, wellmannered, illmannered, polite, impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful, useless, dangerous…例It is illegal(for a teenager)to drive a car without a license.(2)It be do ：kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thoughtless, careful, careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, It39。s kind of you to help me with the problem.(3)It替代作主語的動名詞的常見句型It39。s no good/use doing…It39。s(well)worth doing…It39。s(well)worth one39。s while doing/to do… It39。s(well)worth while doing/ to do例It39。s no use crying over spilt (1)It is + noun +從句(2)It is adj.+clauseIt39。s surprising that?(should)???竟然??It39。s a pity/shame that?(should)???竟然??例It39。s important that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.(=It39。s of much例It is no secret that the president wants to have a second term at that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.)(3)It verb sb.+ clause= It is ving + clauseIt+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze/bother/concern/frighten/please/anger …例It worried me that she drove so fast.(= It was worrying that she drove so fast.)(4)It verb(to sb.)that…= sb/sth verb to do(verb = appear, seem, e about, emerge, follow, chance, happen, occur, transpire, turn out , work out)例It(so)happened/chanced that they were out.(= They happened/chanced to be out.)(5)It is ved that…=sb/sth is to do(verb=say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know）例It is said that the couple have gotten divorced.(=The couple are said to have gotten divorced.)(6)It is ved that …(should)…(verb=demand, request, require, order, suggest, advise, remend例It is suggested that they should begin with the third 、It作主語的句型 takes sb.? to do?(=sb takes?to do?)某人用多長時間做某事例It took the men a week to mend our roof.(= The men took a week to mend our roof.)39。s(just)(un)like do?（不）像某人做某事的風(fēng)格例It was(just)like him to think of helping 39。s(about/high)time that? should /ved?是該做某事的時候了例It39。s(about/high)time that we should take 39。s the xth time(that)? have ved?第幾次做某事了例It39。s the third time that he has failed the driving is/has been? since ?continuous ved(延續(xù)性動詞)某動作已有多長時間不發(fā)生了例It39。s 10 years that he lived here was(not)? before?過(不)了多長時間某動作發(fā)生了例It was not long before they 、It 作形式賓語用來替代作賓語的從句、動詞不定式、動名詞，而把真正作賓語的從句、動詞不定式、動名詞置于句尾。It 作形式賓語的常見句型：+ it+ adj./noun(for/of)to do/clause(verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…)例I think it hard for you to do the task on your own./I think it hard that you39。ll do the task on your +it+adj./noun(one39。s)doing(adj.=useless/worth/worthwhile)(noun=no use/no good/worth one39。s while/a waste of time/money/energy/words)(verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…)例I39。ll make it worth your while telling me about his +it+ important/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natural/essential that …(should)…verb+it+of much/great/no/little importance that…(should)…(verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…)例I think it important that you(should)attendthe + it+ as+ noun/adj.+ clause(verb=accept, regard, take, see, view)例The lecturer takes it as encouraging when so many students attend his .+it + prep.+ that…owe it to ?把?歸功于?leave it to sb that?把?留給某人去做take it for granted that ?想當(dāng)然keep it in mind that…例Don39。t bother to arrange leave it to me to sort ，尤其是表示好惡的動詞后，enjoy, like, love, dislike, resent, hate, don39。t mind, be fond of, feel like, see to 賓語從句緊跟it之后例I hate it you can swim so well and I can39。，賓語從句緊跟it之后（except that例外）例I39。m for it that you will follow their 、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that(who)? 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用來強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動詞以外的任何句子成分。當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人時也可以用who。在使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型時需注意以下幾點：例When was it that he changed his mind to take part in the activity？，只能強(qiáng)調(diào)由because所引導(dǎo)的從句例It was because he was ill that he didn39。t e to school ? until結(jié)構(gòu)時必須把not與until一起放到被強(qiáng)調(diào)的位置上例It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was my 例It was at 7 o39。clock that he came here yesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)It was 7 o39。clock when he came here yesterday.(定語從句)六、It 常用的固定搭配 it(1).在口語當(dāng)中相當(dāng)于succeed,表示：成功、做到、說定、趕上、及時到達(dá)例It39。s hard to make it to the top in show business.(2).在口語中相當(dāng)于fix the date for,表示“約定好時間”例—Shall we meet next week?— just make it next it is(1).相當(dāng)于in fact, in reality表示“事實上，實際情況是??”例We had planed to finish the task today, but as it is we probably won39。t finish it until next week.(2).相當(dāng)于方式狀語從句，表示“照原樣”例Leave the table as it it were 相當(dāng)于as one might say, that is to say, 表示“也就是說，可以說，換句話說”例He is, as it were, a modern Sherlock it weren39。t for?/if it hadn39。t been for?用來引導(dǎo)虛擬語氣，相當(dāng)于without, or but for, 表示“如果不是??，要不是??”例If it weren39。t for Tom, I wouldn39。t be alive 39。s it(1).相當(dāng)于That39。s 39。s so “至此為止，沒有別的了”例You can have one more sweet, and that39。s it.(2).相當(dāng)于 That39。s “對啦”例— I guess the key to the problem is thechoice “A”—That39。s it 在口語中，相當(dāng)于be punished/scolded for doing “因做錯事而挨罵，受責(zé)備，受批評，受懲罰”例We39。ll really catch it form our teacher if we39。re late for class it(1).相當(dāng)于say, insist表示“說，主張，表明，硬說”例Rumour has it that they are getting divorced.(2).相當(dāng)于get to know something,表示“了解，知道，獲悉”例I had it from John that she was going what it takes在口語中，相當(dāng)于be well qualified for, 表示“具有成功的條件”例You can take it from me that you