【正文】 的單詞形式。3．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Each time I take the underground I find myself ________ (surround) by dozens of passengers playing smartphones. They almost won39。t even give a glance at the outside world. You may think it is normal to play smartphones ________ (kill) time. What39。s worse, when I talk with some of my friends, they talk as playing, which is really an ________ (annoy). I really miss the old days when I ________ (chat) with some passengers on the train. Now things are different. Everyone just concentrates ________ their smartphones. When talking with them, ________ seems that you are disturbing their playing smartphones. I could not just blame them for I am moving to be one like them. Sometimes I just feel we ________ (large) ignore our neighbors and want to keep in touch with ________ (distance) strangers through the Internet. We care about the things far away but pay no attention to the needs nearby. ________ ridiculous the situation is! In a way we ________ (control) by smartphones now. Are you experiencing the same situation like me? Do you have any ways to avoid that?【答案】 surrounded；to kill；annoyance；chatted；on；it；largely；distant；How；are controlled 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述的是目前社會上存在的一種現(xiàn)象，到處可以看到每個人都只專注于他們的智能手機(jī)，在某種程度上人們被智能手機(jī)控制著。 （1）考查非謂語動詞。句意：每次我乘坐地鐵，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被幾十名玩智能手機(jī)的乘客包圍。固定結(jié)構(gòu)：find +賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語。此處myself 和surround之間是被動關(guān)系，是過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，故填surrounded。 （2）考查非謂語動詞。句意：你可能認(rèn)為玩智能手機(jī)來消磨時間很正常。此處it是形式主語，動詞不定式作真正的主語。故答案為to kill。 （3）考查名詞。句意：更糟糕的是，當(dāng)我和我的一些朋友聊天時，他們邊玩邊聊天，這真的很煩人。根據(jù)an可知此空用名詞形式，故填annoyance。 （4）考查時態(tài)。句意：我很懷念以前在火車上和一些乘客聊天的日子。結(jié)合句意可知此處指過去的事情，所以句子用一般過去時態(tài)，故填chatted。 （5）考查介詞。句意：每個人都只專注于他們的智能手機(jī)。concentrate on固定短語，“集中精力于”，故答案為on。 （6）考查代詞。句意：與他們交談時，你似乎打擾了他們玩智能手機(jī)。it seems that……，固定句式：“似乎，好像”，故填it。 （7）考查副詞。句意：有時我只是覺得我們很大程度上忽視了鄰居，想通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與遠(yuǎn)方的陌生人保持聯(lián)系。此處ignore“忽視”是動詞，由副詞來修飾，故填largely。 （8）考查形容詞。句意：有時我只是覺得我們很大程度上忽視了鄰居，想通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與遠(yuǎn)方的陌生人保持聯(lián)系。此處strangers是名詞，由形容詞來修飾，故填distant。 （9）考查感嘆句。句意：這種情況多么可笑啊!這是一個感嘆句，此處ridiculous是形容詞，用how來修飾，故填How。 （10）考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：在某種程度上，我們現(xiàn)在被智能手機(jī)控制著。此處指目前的一種事實，且謂語動詞和句子主語we之間是一種被動關(guān)系，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，故答案為are controlled。 【點評】本題考點涉及非謂語動詞，名詞，時態(tài)，介詞，代詞，副詞，形容詞，感嘆句等多個知識點的考查，是一篇社會現(xiàn)象類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。4．閱讀下列材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 The annual Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival is Harbin39。s main tourist highlight. It is the world39。s biggest winter festival. The ________(bitter) cold winters are just right for this festival. ________sets the Harbin festival apart is the scale and size of the sculptures and the________(beauty) lighting. It is bigger than ________ ones in Sapporo, Norway, and Quebec. At first, mainly Chinese________(participate), but in the last decade, it has bee an international festival and ________(pete). As the festival grows in international participation, and as China39。s economy grows, the size of the snow sculptures and ice architecture exhibits keeps ________(grow) The work going into making these exhibits is astounding, and their size and beauty is amazing. The lightning ________(effect)on the huge ice sculptures in the Ice and Snow World are technologically plex. Officially the festival ________(hold) from the end of December through February. Opening dates keep changing, and ending dates partly depends ________ the weather. The Sun Island Scenic Area will be opened from Dec. 21 to Feb. 28.【答案】 bitterly；What；beautiful；the；participated；petition；growing；effects；is held；on 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了哈爾濱冰雕節(jié)的發(fā)展和現(xiàn)狀。 （1）考查副詞?？仗幮揎椥稳菰~cold，需用副詞修飾作狀語，故填bitterly。 （2）考查主語從句。 sets the Harbin festival apart 是主語從句，此句中缺主語，故填What。 （3）考查形容詞。形容詞修飾名詞作定語。故填beautiful。 （4）考查冠詞?？蘸蟮膐nes指代festivals，后面給出了具體的地點作定語，因此是特指，用定冠詞，故填the。 （5）考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)At first，可知講述的是過去的事情，用一般過去時，故填participated。 （6）考查名詞。此空與前面的 festival 并列，作表語，故填petition. （7）考查非謂語動詞。keep doing ，”繼續(xù)做某事“，動名詞作賓語，故填growing。 （8）考查名詞。根據(jù)本句的謂語動詞are，可知名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語，故填effects。 （9）考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。本句描述的是現(xiàn)在的客觀情況，謂語動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時；the festival與hold之間是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)，故填is held。 （10）考查介詞。depend on/upon固定短語，”依靠“，故填on/upon。 【點評】本題考點涉及副詞，主語從句，形容詞，冠詞，時態(tài)，名詞，非謂語動詞，時態(tài)語態(tài)以及介詞等多個知識點的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。5．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或摘號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Students at a primary school in Hangzhou had their first class________March 1st on movable type. This is________ancient Chinese printing system. The West Lake Primary School in Zhejiang Province introduced the course at the beginning of this new term. So far, the school________(invite) an expert in Chinese characters culture to the campus,________major responsibility is to teach students how to use the ancient printing technology. Students attend lectures on the history of movable type along with ________(interest) classes on typesetting and printing. They then print their own document, ________(apply) the knowledge they39。ve learned. One student printed her________(new) written essay Whether the traditional red envelopes kids receive belong to them or their parents?________(know) as one of the four great inventions of ancient China, movable type printing ________(invent) by Bi Sheng in the 1040s during the Song Dynasty, and it is the world39。s first system of movable type printing. The school said the course is aimed at improving the students39。 awareness of Chinese characters and their ________(appreciate) of Chinese culture.【答案】 on；an；has invited；whose；interesting；applying；newly；Known；was invented；appreciation 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道，3月1日,杭州一所小學(xué)的學(xué)生上了他們的第一節(jié)活字課的情況。該校表示,這門課程旨在提高學(xué)生的漢字意識和對中國文化的欣賞。 （1）考查介詞。句意：3月1日,杭州一所小學(xué)的學(xué)生上了他們的第一節(jié)活字課。根據(jù)下文March 1st可知在具體的某一天應(yīng)用介詞on，故填on。 （2）考查冠詞。句意：這是一個古老的中國印刷系統(tǒng)。system為可數(shù)名詞,此處表示泛指,且ancient為元音音素開頭,故填不定冠詞an，填an。 （3）考查時態(tài)。句意：到目前為止,學(xué)校已經(jīng)邀請了一位漢字文化專家,他的主要職責(zé)是教學(xué)生如何使用古代的印刷技術(shù)。根據(jù)上文So far可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時,且主語為單數(shù)名詞,故填has invited。 （4）考查定語從句。句意：到目前為止,學(xué)校已經(jīng)邀請了一位漢字文化專家,他的主要職責(zé)是教學(xué)生如何使用古代的印刷技術(shù)。本句為定語從句修飾先行詞an expert,且先行詞在從句中做定語,故填關(guān)系代詞whose。 （5）考查形容詞。句意：學(xué)生們參加有關(guān)活字歷史的講