【正文】 rthplace was in a country which named Egdon in the Westland。 this natural environment formed the main environment in the Hardy’s writes. His father was a stonecutter, but like music, his parents paid more attention on Hardy’s education. In his childhood, he received the education for theology, but when he grew up, he turned to learn the literature. Hardy left school became a architect39。s apprentice in 1856。 And then went to Landon became a post of the building draftsman in 1862， also in this time he took advanced courses for language in Landon University and began literature creative。 His literature career began with poetry, but due to not have the good fortune to publish, changed the matter for novel creation. His first long novel was published in 1871, the celebrated work was his fourth novel Farm from Madding Crowd in 1874, from then on, and he dropped construction industry and devoted to the novel creation There were early 20 long novels in Hardy’s life, the most famous novels are Tess of the D’Urbervilles (1891), Jude the Obscure (1895), The Mayor of Cascetbridge (1901). Hardy’s works reflected the changed of social economy, political, moral and tradition when the hypocritical bourgeoisie invaded the countries in England, especially exposed women’s tragic life and hypocrisy of bourgeoisie morals, legal and religious。 His works not only inherited the great tradition of England realism， but also pioneering the way for 20th century British literature. Though Hardy mainly writes about the mon country people in Wessel, southwestern part of England, he shows grandeur and dignity in his tragedies similar to what we find in Greek tragedy and his grave and elaborate style contributes to the tragic sense of life. Hardy is remarkable for his tremendous power of producing tragedies parable to classic tragedies. An introduction to Tess of the D’Urbervilles Tess of the D’Urbervilles describes a tragic life about one beautiful and pure girl after disgrace. Tess was a poor peasant girl. At the beginning of the works, we know Tess replaces her father to take the load of beehives herself to the retailers in Casterbridge for the Saturday market. On the way, a mail cart runs into her wagon and kills the horse. The encounter gets her family into the trap. For the benefit to her family, she goes to claim the kinship with Alec and abandoned by Clare, she has to throw herself into the lap of Alec only for the benefit to her family. Tess tries to struggle with the bitter fate. Feeling guilty of indulgence in the outside pleasure without helping her mother. After MayDay dance, Tess hurries home to deal with the homework. Though Tess does things for her family and makes sacrifices, she still can’t escape the tie of fate. Sented by her mother to claim kindred with a more prosperous branch of the D’Urbervilles family, she was seduced by the young master of the house, Alec, and had to return home in disgrace. After giving birth to a child who died in infancy, she went to work as wagelaborer at a daisy farm at Talbothays. There she met Angel Clare, a son of clergyman, and he felled in love with her and married her. On the wedding night, Tess and Clare told each other about their pasts, and Clare, after hearing Tess’s confession left her abruptly for Brazil. Poverty forced Tess to seek for work and she worked for a long time at a capitalist farm at Flint bAsh where she was insulted and oppressed by the master. Then the news of her father’s death and the expulsion of her family from their cottage drived her to seek for assistance from Alec, and the latter, now a preacher, soon resumes his former illicit relations with her. In the end, when Clare finally came to tell her that he had fiven her and he still loved her. Tess was bitterly unhappy. She now hated Alec because once again he had been the cause of her husband’s repudiation of her. Feeling that she played a most inglorious part and she would be happy if Alec was dead, in addition, Alec said many bad words to satirize her. She stabbed him as he slept. Then she ran out of the house and followed Angel. They had a few happy days together. Living with the husband she truly loved, she was ready for her punishment. II. An overview of the previous researches into Tess of the D’Urbervilles From the later nieenth century until now, Thomas Hardy and his works ,especially Tess of the D’Urbervilles have been the important topics of the criticism for a long time. Many professors had researches on this novel. And I believe if we want to have a better understanding of this novel, we must get some knowledge of the previous researches both at home and aboard about Pride and Prejudice. An overview of the previous researches abroad After the Second World War, with the development o modern literary criticism, different critics interpret Tess of the D’Urbervilles and Thomas Hardy’s other novels from various perspectives. For instance, Professor Webster begins with a discussion of Hardy’s intentions in writing Tess. According to his views, Tess of the D’Urbervilles is a contribution to Hardy’s war against man’s inhumanity. Arnold Kettle takes a different point of view. For him the subject of Tess of the D’Urbervilles is not the tragedy of a “pure woman”, but rather the destruction of the English peasantry. In his book An Introduction to the English Novel, he