【正文】 ............................................................................................................. 20 黑河學(xué)院 本科生 畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)） I Abstract A lot of English abbreviation production and use reflect a sharp change of modern society, the science and technology progress and cultural education leap and the rapid development of business, etc. The seemingly simple abbreviations in position structure, pronunciation, and writing have many rules, and it is the unique function to use a language. The study of these rules can reduce and avoid chaos or mistakes when we use them. Keywords: English abbreviation rule pragmatic function translation 黑河學(xué)院 本科生 畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)） II 摘要 英語 縮略詞的大量產(chǎn)生和使用折射出現(xiàn)代社會的急劇變化，科學(xué)技術(shù)的飛躍進(jìn)步和文化教育事業(yè)等的迅猛發(fā)展。 看似簡單的縮略語在組成結(jié)構(gòu)、讀音、書寫等方面均有很多很多變化規(guī)則，而且具有獨(dú)特的語言使用功能。研究其規(guī)律可以減少和避免使用時出現(xiàn)混亂或錯誤。 關(guān)鍵詞： 英語縮略詞 規(guī)則 語用功能 翻譯 目錄 1 Preface Lately 20 years, it appears a large number of abbreviations in the English vocabulary. Its appearance on one hand is due to the trend of the development of English itself。 on the other hand, it is due to fast development of social needs. English abbreviations are used in all aspects of the social life from the modern science and technology fields to the medical, foreign trade, education, economic and political. It likes a mirror which reflects social development in all aspects. In the modern era, people who use language munication need economic and efficient way to exchange information. Abbreviation use less symbols, information, just to meet the modern demand. The abbreviation reflects the modern production of large numbers of the rapid social change. This paper analyzes the origin of the English abbreviations, constitution, writing rules and pragmatic functions. Therefore, we can use English abbreviations more reasonably. 黑河學(xué)院 本科生 畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)） 2 1. The Origin and Characteristics of English Abbreviation The Origin of the English Abbreviations Before the 1940s, the number of English abbreviation only a little, but with the birth of the first allelectronic digital puter created by 1946 and at the University of Pennsylvania in the United States, English abbreviation increases④ . Abbreviation is a mon linguistic phenomenon in the world today. But the abbreviation of English is in a marginal position in foreign country for a long time, which is not mensurate with the rapid development of the abbreviations. In the late twentieth century, western scholars began to use cognitive linguistics, puter linguistics and psychological linguistics on the English abbreviations indepth study, and prove the abbreviation to the value of linguistics research. Today, he has bee a millions of army. Especially in recent 20 years is the fastest 20 years of English abbreviation growing. The main causes of English contractions are the following: The Objective World Factors With the fast development of national economies, the rapid progress of science and technology, and the rapid changes in the social life, all require fast, simple language to reflect the plexity of new things and social phenomena. Abbreviation appears more and more in all areas of human life, because abbreviations can be used less information and space to express the original meaning of the words. Social development, especially the rapid development of science and technology on the widespread application of abbreviations has been the extremely vital role. 黑河學(xué)院 本科生 畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)） 3 The Subjective World Factors With psychology of people who ask briefness, Anderson, Cognitive psychologist, thinks information processing ability of people is limited. In order to effectively deal with plex munication, people need to have some abilities to show the subject initiative, such as, summary and simplification of the information, anization of the strategy. The munication of modern social information are more and more frequent, so that this requires more and more economic information carrier which can use the most succinct information symbol transfer as much information as possible. The rich meaning of letters abbreviation just meet the people39。s need for briefness psychology. With people39。s new psychological and the arrival of the economic society, in order to adapt yourself to the petitive society, people began to consciously care what happened around the world and to absorb new information initiatively. English abbreviations represent new things, new honored, new information of letters abbreviations, such as PK (play kill, against / challenge), ATM (automatic teller machine, automatic teller machines), etc. It is easy to be accepted and used by people. Language World Factors Various elements in the language, vocabulary is the most volatile factor in the language, which is liquid rather than solid. The development of modern English vocabulary, on the one hand, is a big increase in the number of new words, on the other hand is increasingly cohesive simplified. The French linguists had also proposed language economic principle. He points out that the munication and expressions are always in the dynamic changing, and more, newer, more characteristics of the language units will emerge. But as the people whose performances show inertia in all aspects of daily life, it requires us to minimize consumption in speech, and use the abbreviation with the habits we familiar and a 黑河學(xué)院 本科生 畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)） 4 small amount of language unit. The Main Causes of English Characteristics Simplicity With the accelerated pace of modern life, as people use language in oral or written munication, the words are being more and more simplified. On the one hand, the abbreviation of syllables or letters in word or phrase constitute significantly reduced,