【正文】 起名詞的作用，在句中作主語、表語、賓語或介詞的賓語。動名詞的形式形式一般式完成式 主動形式doinghaving done 被動形式being donehaving done(一）作主語 is good exercise.(走路是很好的運動。) develops the muscles.（游泳可以發(fā)展肌肉。） no use sending him ’s too late already.（派他去沒用，已經(jīng)太晚了。）’s no good waiting ’s walk home.（在這等沒好處，咱們走回家吧）’s a waste of time arguing about it.（辯論這事是浪費時間。）（二）作表語 real problem is getting to know the news of the customers.（否認這一點就是閉眼不看事實）） this will be shutting one’s eyes to facts.（否認這一點就是閉眼不看事實。）（三）作賓語 machine needs repairing.（這臺機器該修理了。） mustn’t delay sending the cars over.（你不要遲遲不派車來。）’m sorry I missed seeing you while in Beijing.（很遺憾在北京是我見到你。）下列動詞都可以后跟動名詞作賓語（不能用不定式）suggest , finish, avoid, can’t help, mind, admit, enjoy, leave off(停止), require, postpone, put off, delay, practice, advise, consider, deny(否認), escape, miss等。（四）動名詞作介詞的賓語 insisted on doing it in his own way.（他堅持要按自己的辦法做。）’m thinking of going to the Industrial Exhibition this afternoon.（我想下午去看工業(yè)展。） are all opposed to putting the meeting off.(be opposed to doing)（他們都反對把會議延期。） you got accustomed/used to working on the night shift?（你上夜班習慣了沒有？）能跟動名詞的短語很多，如：object to = be opposed to, look forward to,…devote…to… ,lead to , charge …, approve of, feel like, aim at, , succeed in, feel ashamed of, suspect be engaged in等。（五）動名詞的幾種形式的用法。, 。(1)They are all interested in climbing mountains.（他們都對爬山有興趣。）(2)He took a great delight in helping others.（他以幫助別人為樂。）： 如果要表示動名詞代表的動作在謂語所表示的動作之前發(fā)生，我們就要用動名詞的完成形式。（having done，否定形式 not having done）(1)He didn’t mention having met him.（他沒提見到了我。）(2)I regret not having taken her advice.（我后悔沒有聽她的勸告。）(3)I apologize for not having kept my promise.（我沒遵守諾言向你表示歉意。）： 一般式 ：being done完成式：having been done 當一個動名詞邏輯上的主語所表示的是這動作的對象時，這動名詞用被動形式。(1)He could not bear being made fun of like that.（人家這樣開他的玩笑，他受不了。）(2)The question is far from being settled.（這問題遠遠沒有解決。）(3)I don’t remember having ever been given a chance to try this method.（我不記得誰給我實驗這方法的機會。）但要注意，在 want, need, deserve, be worth , require等詞后，盡管表示的是被動的意思，我們仍要動名詞的主動形式。）(1)My pen needs filling.（我的筆該加墨水了。）(2)The point deserves mentioning.（這一點值得提一下。）(3)His method is worth trying.（他的方法值得試一下。）II分詞分詞是另一種非謂語動詞形式。它包括兩種,一種是現(xiàn)在分詞，一種是過去分詞。這兩種分詞在句子中能擔任的成分大體相同,主要是在意思上有主動和被動之分，現(xiàn)在分詞一般有主動的意思，過去分詞一般有被動的意思，有時表示的時間也不相同?，F(xiàn)在分詞的形式：形式一般式完成式主動形式doinghaving done 被動形式being donehaving done1)The situation is 。2)The door remained 3)The day was so 4)He seemed quite delighted at the 。1)He is a promising young 2)Barking dogs seldom 3)This was an unexpected 4)Theirs is a united 5)There are a lot of boys on the sports ground playing 1)I got home, feeling very 2)They stood there for an hour watching the 3)Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with ，我們沒法和他聯(lián)系4)Don’t mention this while talking to 5)Influenced by his example, they performed countless good ，他們做了無數(shù)的好事。分詞可以在See, hear, notice, watch ,keep, find, get, have, feel等動詞后與一個名詞（代詞）構成復合賓語。1)He once heard the song sung in 。2)His remark left me wondering what he was driving 。3)We should keep them informed of what is going ?，F(xiàn)在分詞的完成形式主要用在狀語中，表示這動作在謂語所表示的動作之前發(fā)生。1)Not having made adequate preparations, they thought it better to postpone the meeting till next ，他們想還是把會議延期到下周舉行較好。2)Having been