【正文】 go out on an outing. =Weather permitting, we’ll go out on an outing. 天氣許可的話，我們就去郊游。2. Because it is Sunday, we needn39。t go to school.=It being Sunday, we needn39。t go to school. 因為是星期天，我們不需要上學。 there was no buses,we had to walk home .=There being no bus ,we had to walk home .因為沒有車，我們不得不走回家。 the boy led the way, we had no trouble finding the village. The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the village.因為有這個男孩帶路，我們毫不費力地找到了這個村子。小結(jié)：當主從句主語不一致時，.例如：Time permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. 天氣允許的話，足球賽將在周五舉行。（permitting的邏輯主語是time，而不是the football match）The professor being absent ,the lecture had to be put off.教授缺席了，演講不得不推遲。The meeting being over, they all left the meeting room. 會議結(jié)束了，他們都離開了會議室。 課堂鞏固練習1. _________,I will go over all these lessons before the exam.A. If time will permit B. Time permits C. Time permitted D. Time permitting 2. I carefully poured the liquid into the water , my classmates _______anxiously beside me to see what would happen.A. stood B. standing C. to stood D. were standing 注意：有一種習慣表達作評價性狀語，表示說話人的態(tài)度，觀點和看法等，就不必考慮與主句的主語之間的邏輯關(guān)系，因為說話者就是分詞的邏輯主語，它們的邏輯主語可以和句子的主語不一致必背： 分詞或分詞短語作獨立成份（作狀語或插入語） Generally / Frankly / Roughly speaking一般說來/坦白說/粗略地說， judging by/from…從……來看，依據(jù)……來判斷，seeing that 考慮到，allowing for 鑒于，顧及到， talking/speaking of談及……，Taking …into consideration把…考慮在內(nèi)其中的considering …鑒于/考慮到……，following繼…之后，concerning關(guān)于，regarding關(guān)于，respecting關(guān)于，owing to …由于……就是介詞）例如：Generally speaking, boys are more interested in science than girls. 一般說來，男孩比女孩對科學更感興趣。 Judging from his accent, he must e from Canada. 從他的口音看，他一定來自加拿大。 Supposing it rains ，what will you do 假使下雨，你會怎么辦呢？Talking of cleaning, it’s about time you cleaned the classroom.談到打掃衛(wèi)生，該你打掃教室了。C．非謂語作狀語時，要看它同句子主語之間的關(guān)系。和句子主語構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系時，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，和句子主語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系時，用過去分詞作狀語對比練習： the top of the building, we saw the house like a match box. the top of the building, the house looks like a match box.A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see 辨別正誤：，房子看起來更美了。a. Painting white , the house looks more beautiful.b. Painted white ,the house looks more beautiful.2. 受到他的話的鼓勵，我開始認真學習。 by her words, I got down to studying hard.b. Encouraged by her words, I got down to studying hard課堂練習 secretary worked all night long, ____ a long speech for the president.A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing2. ____ to hospital in time, the wounded soldiers were saved at last.A. Taken B. Taking C. Having taken D. Being taken比較下列句子3. 1）._________one of the leading poets in America today,he has also written a number of books and plays.2）._______________the price ,the car is worth buying .3）.All things ________,the plan trip will have to be called off.A. be considered B. considered C. considering D. having considered4..1） the first place in the maths examination, liufang got another first in the English contest.2）.The professor entered the lecture hall , by many students.3）.Many students entered the lecture hall ,___________the professor.A. following B. followed C. to follow D. being followedD. 分詞或分詞短語作狀語時，前面可以加上連詞，但是分詞短語和句子之間不能用并列連詞(如but，and,so ,or)，因為并列連詞接的是兩個并列成分，而分詞短語只是全句的一個狀語部分，分詞和主句之間可用逗號。辨別正誤：，但是他仍然不能理解。 been told many times, but he still couldn’t understand it. was told many times, but he still couldn’t understand it. c. Having been told many times, he still couldn’t understand it.d. Though he had been told many times, he still couldn’t understand it.e. Though he had been told many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.，所以他被立刻送到醫(yī)院去。 ill ,so he had to be sent to the hospital at once. was ill ,so he had to be sent to the hospital at once.c. Being ill ,he he had to be sent to the hospital at once. E．.不定式和現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語的區(qū)別不定式作結(jié)果狀語表示意料之外的結(jié)果，常和only