【正文】 的主語要一致且狀語從句的謂語含有be。有時(shí)，為了使非謂語動詞短語與主句的邏輯關(guān)系更清楚，可在非謂語動詞前加連詞。 Not recognized his voice, she refused to give the person her address.沒有聽出他的聲音，他拒絕把她的地址給這個(gè)人。As we didn’t know his address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.=Not knowing his phone number, we couldn’t get in touch with her.例如：Not having heard the news. I wrote to him again. 沒有聽到這個(gè)消息，我又給他寫了信。三．分詞的否定形式分詞的否定式，由not/never+分詞構(gòu)成，即not doing ,not having done ,no having been done 把下列句子改成分詞形式1. 因?yàn)樗麤]有收到回音，所以決定再寫一封信。Having been warned several times , the naughty boy made the same mistake. 被警告過多次，這個(gè)淘氣的孩子又犯了同一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被討論的問題很重要。 he had been defeated many times , he didn’t lose heart.=Having been defeated many times , he didn’t lose heart.盡管被打敗多次，但是他沒有氣餒。二．現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式被動一般式 being done 一般做后置定語，表示正在被做的動作被動完成式 having been done把下列句子改成分詞形式。Having put up the tent,they started to cook supper.搭好帳篷后，他們開始做晚飯。Having waited for half an hour,I became a little impatient.等了半小時(shí)，我有點(diǎn)不耐煩了。Hearing the news ,he couldn’t help laughing .聽到這個(gè)消息，他禁不住笑了。After he heard a strong sound, he went out of the room for a look.= Hearing a strange sound, he went out of 3. Because he had been to the Great Wall many times, he didn’t go last week.=Having been to the Great Wall many times, he didn’t go last week. 因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)去過長城許多次，上周他就沒去。=Having closed the windows, he went home。As he had eaten too much for supper, he couldn’t go to sleep.=Having eaten too much for supper, he couldn’t go to sleep.2. 他把窗戶關(guān)上后就回家了。，用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)作狀語。Yesterday a street beggar bought a lottery ticket , to make him a millionaire overnight .昨天一個(gè)街頭乞丐無意買了一張彩票結(jié)果使他一夜間成了一個(gè)百萬富翁。He went to the seaside only to be drowned。他發(fā)表了長篇大論，結(jié)果顯示出他的無知。 t e today, making it necessary for us to find someone to do his work.他今天沒來，因而我們必須找人干他的工作。He was caught in the rain, thus making himself catch cold. 他撞上了雨，結(jié)果使他感冒了。He dropped a plate on the ground, breaking it into pieces.他把盤子掉在地上，結(jié)果摔碎了。The bus was hold up by the snow, thus causing the delay.公汽被大雪阻住了，結(jié)果引起延誤。 been told many times, but he still couldn’t understand it. was told many times, but he still couldn’t understand it. c. Having been told many times, he still couldn’t understand it.d. Though he had been told many times, he still couldn’t understand it.e. Though he had been told many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.，所以他被立刻送到醫(yī)院去。 by her words, I got down to studying hard.b. Encouraged by her words, I got down to studying hard課堂練習(xí) secretary worked all night long, ____ a long speech for the president.A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing2. ____ to hospital in time, the wounded soldiers were saved at last.A. Taken B. Taking C. Having taken D. Being taken比較下列句子3. 1）._________one of the leading poets in America today,he has also written a number of books and plays.2）._______________the price ,the car is worth buying .3）.All things ________,the plan trip will have to be called off.A. be considered B. considered C. considering D. having considered4..1） the first place in the maths examination, liufang got another first in the English contest.2）.The professor entered the lecture hall , by many students.3）.Many students entered the lecture hall ,___________the professor.A. following B. followed C. to follow D. being followedD. 分詞或分詞短語作狀語時(shí)，前面可以加上連詞，但是分詞短語和句子之間不能用并列連詞(如but，and,so ,or)，因?yàn)椴⒘羞B詞接的是兩個(gè)并列成分，而分詞短語只是全句的一個(gè)狀語部分，分詞和主句之間可用逗號。和句子主語構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系時(shí)，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，和句子主語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系時(shí)，用過去分詞作狀語對比練習(xí)： the top of the building, we saw the house like a match box. the top of the building, the house looks like a match box.A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see 辨別正誤：，房子看起來更美了。 Supposing it rains ，what will you do 假使下雨，你會怎么辦呢？Tal