【正文】 ting（2）兩種結(jié)構(gòu)意義不一樣。英語(yǔ)中有些動(dòng)詞可接動(dòng)名詞，也可接不定式，但兩種結(jié)構(gòu)的意義不一樣。常用的這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有：mean，try，regret，stop，forget，remember，need，wait等等。①mean a．I have meant to leave on Monday． 我打算周一離開(kāi)。b．Missing the train means waiting an hour．趕不上那輛火車(chē)就意味著要等一小時(shí)。mean to do sth．意為“打算做??”；mean doing sth．意為“意味著”。②try a．You must try to improve your work． 你應(yīng)努力改進(jìn)工作。b．Why not try doing the experiment in some other way？為什么不試用別的方法做這實(shí)驗(yàn)？ try to do sth．意為“設(shè)法做、努力做”，try doing sth．意為“試著?”。③regret a．I regret to say that we can39。t stay here any longer．很抱歉我們不能再在這兒呆了。b．I regret making/having made such a mistake．我后悔犯了這樣一個(gè)粗心的錯(cuò)誤。regret to do sth．意為“對(duì)?感到抱歉（事情沒(méi)有發(fā)生）”；regret doing sth．意為“對(duì)?感到后悔（事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生）”。④stop a．When I arrived，he stopped to talk with me．當(dāng)我到達(dá)時(shí)，他停下（手中的活）和我說(shuō)話。b．Stop talking！it39。s time for class．別說(shuō)話，該上課了。stop to do sth．意為“停下來(lái)（指別的事），開(kāi)始做某事”； stop doing sth．意為“停止做某事。⑤forget a．Don39。t forget to bring your notebook next time．下次別忘了帶筆記本。b．I will never forget finding the rare old coin in my garden．我永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)忘記我曾在花園發(fā)現(xiàn)過(guò)一枚希罕的古錢(qián)幣。forget to do sth．意為“忘記做某事（事情還沒(méi)有發(fā)生）”；I forget doing sth．意為“忘記做某事這一情況（指做的事已發(fā)生）”。⑥r(nóng)emember a．Please remember to post my leter．請(qǐng)記住給我發(fā)信。b．I remember seeing/having seen him somewhere．我記得曾經(jīng)看見(jiàn)過(guò)他。remember to do sth．意為“記得做某事（事情還沒(méi)有發(fā)生）”； remember doing sth．意為“記得做過(guò)某事（事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生）”。⑦need a．I need to get away and rest up a little．我需要離開(kāi)這兒，好好休息一下。b．The floor needs mopping/to be mopped．地板需要擦。need to do sth．意為“必須做某事”； need doing sth．意為“需要”。⑧want a．I don39。t want to go there．我不想去那里。b．Your English wants brushing up/to be brushed up．你的英語(yǔ)需要復(fù)習(xí)一下。want to do sth．意為“想做什么”； want doing sth．意為“需要做什么”。⑨go on doing，go on to do a．How long do you intend to go on paying those blooky records？b．He weld the new stdents and then went on to explain the college regulations．c．For half an hour I went on reading Lesson Six．d．At half past three I went on to read Lesson Six．go on to do sth．表示“做完了某事，繼續(xù)做另一件事”； go on doing sth．意為“某事還沒(méi)有做完，繼續(xù)做該事”。go on to read Lesson Ten 即表示已續(xù)讀完了第九節(jié)課（或別的動(dòng)作），進(jìn)而讀第十課；而 go on reading Lesson Ten即表示第十課還沒(méi)有讀完，要繼續(xù)讀。一般go on to do sth．結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)常指一個(gè)時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作，而 go on doing sth．結(jié)構(gòu)常指一段時(shí)間的動(dòng)作。go on with sth．短語(yǔ)，既可指一時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作，也可指一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的動(dòng)作。a．After a little pause，he went on with his speech．b．He went on with his speech for half an hour．⑩begin，start，cease，a．After he had collected the material，he began writing．b．After a week，he began to enjoy his study．c．The buses ceased runing． d．He ceased to breathe．在動(dòng)詞begin，start，cease之后，用動(dòng)名詞表示有意識(shí)的動(dòng)作，用不定式則表示無(wú)意識(shí)的無(wú)法控制的動(dòng)作。上述三個(gè)動(dòng)詞如果用understand，realize等動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，不能用動(dòng)名詞形式，只能用不定式。我們只能說(shuō)：He began to realize he had made a mistake．(11)hear，see，feel等感官動(dòng)詞 a．I saw him working in the garden yesterday．我看見(jiàn)他昨天在花園里干活。b．I saw him to work in the garden yesterday．我見(jiàn)他昨天在花園里干過(guò)活在感官動(dòng)詞see，hear，feel，watch，notice等之后，既可用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，也可用不定式作賓語(yǔ)，用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)我們的注意力是集中到動(dòng)作進(jìn)行的過(guò)程之中的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程，而用不定式則把我們的注意力集中到動(dòng)作完成的事實(shí)。a．We heard the girl singing in the hall．b．We heard the girl to sing in the garden． a）stop后接不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，不是賓語(yǔ)，另外halt和pause后接的不定式都是狀語(yǔ)，其后不可接動(dòng)名詞，因?yàn)樗鼈兪遣患拔飫?dòng)詞。如a．She halted to speak to him．她停下來(lái)（以便）和他說(shuō)話。b．He paused to have a rest．他停下來(lái)（以便）休息一下。b）人作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，want和need后面常接主動(dòng)的不定式，很少用動(dòng)名詞。物作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后既可接動(dòng)名詞，也可接不定式。c）在動(dòng)詞need，want，require，deserve，bear，stand等之后，常用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，相當(dāng)于不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。a．His coat needs cleaning/to be cleaned．b．His house wants painiting/to be painted． c．The old woman requires looking after/to be looked after．d）在形容詞afraid，certain，sure，sorry等之后，既可接動(dòng)名詞也可接不定式，兩者含義不相同。a．We are never afraid to do such things．我們從不怕做這樣的事情。b．We are afraid of being late．我們擔(dān)心（恐怕）遲到。c．We are certain to be victorious．我們一定會(huì)勝利。4．動(dòng)詞+雙賓語(yǔ)（1）有些動(dòng)詞接雙賓語(yǔ)，其間接賓語(yǔ)多數(shù)都可換為由介詞to引起的短語(yǔ)，意思上沒(méi)有什么差別，常見(jiàn)的有：allow，accord，award，assign，bring，deny，ensure，forbid，give，grant，hand，lend，leave，offer，owe，promise，pass，provide，quote，return，refuse，remend，render，show，surrender，throw，teach，wish等。a．The government granted him a loan． The government granted a loan to him． b．They award John the first prize． They award the first prize to John． ask的間接賓語(yǔ)不可換為由to引起的短語(yǔ)，必須換為由of