【正文】 假期對(duì)他大有裨益。 ? 知識(shí)拓展 ? benefit v．有益于，受益 n．利益；好處 ? benefit from /by從 ?? 中受益 ? for the benefit of sb.(＝ for one39。s benefit)為了某人的利益；為了幫助某人 ? 比較網(wǎng)站 ? benefit和 profit ? ① The dictionary is of great benefit to me. ? 這本詞典對(duì)我有很大裨益。 ? ② The mobile phone panies are making handsome profits every 獲頗豐。 benefit 可指物質(zhì)利益，也可指精神方面的好處。 profit 僅限于物質(zhì)或金錢利益；當(dāng) “ 利潤(rùn) ” 講時(shí)，常用復(fù)數(shù)。 ? 活學(xué)活用 ? (1)補(bǔ)全句子 ? ①節(jié)約時(shí)間對(duì)每個(gè)人都很有益。 ? It is ________ great ________ ________ everyone to save time. ? ② 我是為了朋友的利益才做那件事的。 ? I have done that ________ ________ ________ ________ my friend. ? 答案： ① of。 benefit to ② for the benefit of ? (2)The new policy will be________to the peasants. ? A． beneficial B． suitable ? C． convenient D． handy ? 答案： A be beneficial to“ 對(duì) ?? 有好處 ” 。句意為：新政策將對(duì)農(nóng)民有好處。 be suitable for“ 適應(yīng)，適合 ” ； be convenient for“ 對(duì) ?? 方便 ” ； be handy for“ 對(duì) ??便利 ” 。 ? 5． adapt ；改編 ? (1)v.(使 )適應(yīng)，適合 (常與 to連用 )；如： ? Our eyes slowly adapted to the dark. ? 我們的眼睛慢慢地適應(yīng)了黑暗的環(huán)境。 ? She adapted herself quickly to the new climate. ? 她很快適應(yīng)了這種新氣候。 ? (2)；改寫；如： ? It39。s hard to adapt this novel for the film. ? 要將這小說(shuō)改編為電影很困難。 ? The car39。s fuel system was adapted to take unlead gas. ? 汽車的燃油系統(tǒng)經(jīng)過(guò)了改裝以便能使用無(wú)鉛燃?xì)狻? ? 知識(shí)拓展 ? adapt for使適合于；為 ?? 改編 /改寫 ? adapt from根據(jù) ?? 改寫 /改編 ? adapt oneself to使適應(yīng)或習(xí)慣于 ?? ? adapt sth. to使某事物適應(yīng)或適合 ? adaptable ；可修改的 ? adaptation n．改編；改造；改寫 ? 比較網(wǎng)站 adjust 指借正當(dāng)?shù)呐袛嗷蚴炀毜募记?“ 調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié) ” ，以 ?? 相適應(yīng) adapt 指修改或改變，使某物或 某人做些改變以適應(yīng) adopt 采用，采納；收養(yǎng)；正式 通過(guò) ? 活學(xué)活用 ? (1)選詞填空 (adapt/adopt/adjust) ? ① You can39。t see through the telescope until it is ________ to your eyes. ? ② Some animals can ________ themselves to the change of climate quickly. ? ③ The schools must ________ new methods of teaching foreign languages. ? 答案： ① adjusted ② adapt ③ adopt ? (2)Have you adapted ________ in a different country? ? A． to live B． to living ? C． living D． in living ? 答案： B adapt to“ 適應(yīng) ” ，其中 to為介詞，因此要用名詞或動(dòng)詞 ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意 “ 你已適應(yīng)在異國(guó)他鄉(xiāng)生活了嗎？ ” 可知，B項(xiàng)正確。 ? 6． including ；包含在內(nèi) (一般用于名詞或代詞之前 ) ? ① We all went including Tom. ? 我們都去了，包括湯姆。 ? ② Six people were killed in the accident, including the driver. ? 六人在事故中死亡，包括那名司機(jī)。 ? 比較網(wǎng)站 ? 常用的兩種表達(dá)方式： including sb./sth.＝sb./sth. included ? Sea water contains 。 ? Your duties include typing letters and answering the telephone. ? 你的職責(zé)包括打印信件和接聽電話。 contain “ 包含，含有，裝著，盛著 ” ，通常指在一個(gè)整體中所包含的全部?jī)?nèi)容，或在一個(gè)容器中容納的全部東西，強(qiáng)調(diào)包含的整體內(nèi)容。 include “ 包含，包括 ” ，指在一個(gè)整體中包括了其中一部分內(nèi)容、項(xiàng)目等，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體包含部分。 ? 活學(xué)活用 ? (1)用 contain或 include的適當(dāng)形式填空 ? ① The container________fresh fruits，________some apples. ? ② Everyone had something to say, Tom________. ? ③ Orange juice________things which help you keep healthy. ? ④ The money I gave you________your sister39。s. ? 答案： ① contains。 including ② included ③ contains ? ④ included ? (2)The price________both the house and furniture. ? A． includes B． including ? C． holds D． contains ? 答案： A 本題考查同義詞辨析。句意為：“ 價(jià)格包括房子的價(jià)格和家具的價(jià)格。 ” 該題屬于 “ 整體包含部分 ” ，應(yīng)從 A、 B兩項(xiàng)中選擇。 A項(xiàng)為動(dòng)詞， B項(xiàng)為介詞。 ? 7． absence n． 缺席；不在某處；缺乏 ? ① I39。m doing Julie39。s job in her absence. ? 朱莉不在，我正在做她的工作。 ? ② His frequent absence from school is all because of his illness. ? 他經(jīng)常缺課都是因?yàn)樗牟　? ? ③ The absence of colour in that drawing makes it dull. ? 那幅畫因沒有著色而顯得晦暗。 ? 知識(shí)拓展 ? (1)in one39。s absence在某人不在的時(shí)候 ? absence of mind心不在焉 ? in the absence of sb. 某人不在時(shí) ? (2)absent ；不在的 ? be absent from缺席；缺少；不存在 ? absently ? What was the real reason for your absence? ? 你缺席的真正原因是什么？ ? Please look after my house during my absence. ? 我不在時(shí)，請(qǐng)幫我照看房子。 ? 圖解助記 ? 活學(xué)活用 ? (1)We had to accept it as true in the ________of other evidence. ? A． shortage B． lack ? C． absence D． lacking ? 答案： C 本題考查短語(yǔ) in the absence of“ 因?yàn)闆]有 ??” 。根據(jù)句意 “ 因缺乏其他證據(jù)我們不得不接受這就是真的 ” 。可知C項(xiàng)正確。 ? (2)補(bǔ)全句子 ? 到現(xiàn)在為止他已經(jīng)曠課 3天了。 ? He ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ for three days so far. ? 答案： has been absent from school ? 8． annoy ?? 不悅；惹惱 ? ① These flies are annoying me. ? 這些蒼蠅使我煩惱。 ? ② Don39。t annoy your neighbors by singing loudly at night. ? 夜晚不要大聲唱歌，以免打擾鄰居。 ? 知識(shí)拓展 ? (1)It annoys sb. that/when/how...某事使某人惱怒 ? (2)annoyed ? be annoyed with ? be annoyed at/about ?? 而生氣 ? be annoyed that因 ?? 而惱怒 ? (3)annoying ；令人煩惱的 ? (4)annoyance n．煩惱 ? to one39。s annoyance令某人惱怒的是 ? ① She annoyed him with her stupid questions. ? 她問(wèn)的傻問(wèn)題惹他生氣了。 ? ② He was much annoyed at his son39。s behavior. ? 他對(duì)兒子的行為相當(dāng)惱火。 ? ③ It is annoying to miss such a good chance. ? 錯(cuò)過(guò)這樣一個(gè)好機(jī)會(huì)真煩人。 ? 比較網(wǎng)站 ? annoy， bother， disturb和 trouble annoy 強(qiáng)調(diào)因被迫忍受令人不快、討厭的事而失去平靜或耐心，多指一時(shí)的打擾或惱怒、煩惱 bother 指不停地 “ 擾亂，麻煩 ” ，使人感到煩惱或緊張不安 disturb 較正式用詞，指擾亂正常秩序，使人不能平靜或妨礙別人工作、思維，造成程度較深的煩惱 trouble 指給人在行動(dòng)上帶來(lái)不便或身心上造成痛苦 ? 活學(xué)活用 ? (1)His father got very________because he made a mistake again. ? A． annoying B． being annoyed ? C． be annoying D． annoyed ? 答案： D 句意為：他的父親很生氣，因?yàn)樗址噶艘粋€(gè)錯(cuò)誤。 annoyed“ 生氣的 ” ，主語(yǔ)常是人； annoying“ 令人生氣的 ” ，主語(yǔ)常為物。 ? (2)I am________that he had not answered my letter for advice. ? A． bothered B． interrupted ? C． interfered D． annoyed ? 答案： D annoy“ 使惱怒，使生氣 ” ；bother“ 不停打擾使人不安寧 ” ，著重于動(dòng)作； interrupt指 “ 打斷某事或某人 ” ，通常指以說(shuō)話的方式來(lái)打擾人； interfere“ 干涉，妨礙 (某人或某事 )” 。句意為：對(duì)于我的建議他沒有給我回信，使我很生氣。 ? (3)用 annoy的適當(dāng)形式填空。 ? ① She was ________ with him because he was late. ? ② Her most ________ habit was eating with her mouth open. ? ③ To her ________， Mary found that the others had gone without her. ? 答案： ① annoyed ② annoying ③annoyance ? 9． mean ；計(jì)劃；意味著；意思是 ? ① Being a good teacher means hard work. ? 做一名好老師意味著艱苦的工作。 ? ② Your friendship means a great deal to me. ? 你的友誼對(duì)我意義重大。 ? 知識(shí)拓展 ? mean to do...打算做 ?? ? be meant for打算給予