【正文】 ans（ assets） 經(jīng)濟(jì)金融術(shù)語漢英對(duì)照表 CD C 財(cái)務(wù)公司 finance panies 財(cái)政赤字 fiscal deficit 財(cái)政擠銀行 fiscal pressure on the central bank（ over moary policy） 財(cái)政政策與貨幣政策的配合 coordination of fiscal and moary policies 采取循序漸進(jìn)的方法 in a phased and sequenced manner 操作彈性 operational flexibility 操縱匯率 to manipulate exchange rate 產(chǎn)品構(gòu)成 product position。product mix 產(chǎn)品積壓 stock pile。excessive inventory 產(chǎn)銷率 current period inventory。（即期庫存，不含前期庫存） sales/output ratio 產(chǎn)銷銜接 marketability 產(chǎn)業(yè)政策 industrial policy 長期國債 treasury bonds 經(jīng)濟(jì)金融術(shù)語漢英對(duì)照表 CD 敞口頭寸 open position 炒股 to speculate in the stock market 承購包銷 underwrite（ securities） 成套機(jī)電產(chǎn)品 plete sets of equipment。plete plant（ s） 城市信用社 urban credit cooperatives（ UCCs） 城市合作銀行 urban cooperative banks。municipal united banks 城市商業(yè)銀行 municipal mercial banks 城鄉(xiāng)居民收入增長超過物價(jià)漲幅 real growth in household ine 持續(xù)升溫 persistent overheating 重復(fù)布點(diǎn) duplicate projects 重置成本 replacement cost 重組計(jì)劃 restructuring plan 籌資渠道 funding sources。financing channels 經(jīng)濟(jì)金融術(shù)語漢英對(duì)照表 CD 初見成效 initial success 出口統(tǒng)一管理、歸口經(jīng)營 canalization of exports 出口退稅 export tax rebate 儲(chǔ)蓄存款 household deposits（不完全等同于西方的 savingsdeposits，前者包括活期存款，后者不包括。） 儲(chǔ)蓄分流 diversion of household deposits 儲(chǔ)源萎縮 decline in the availability of household savings 傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制 transmission mechanism 從價(jià)稅 ad valorem tax 從緊控制 tight control 存貸款比例 loan/deposit ratio 存款保險(xiǎn)體系 deposit insurance system 存款貨幣銀行 deposit money banks 存款準(zhǔn)備金 required reserves 經(jīng)濟(jì)金融術(shù)語漢英對(duì)照表 CD D 打白條 issue IOU 大額存單 certificate of deposit（ CD） 大額提現(xiàn) withdraw deposits in large amounts 大面積滑坡 widespread decline 大一統(tǒng)的銀行體制 （ allinone） monobank system 呆賬（請(qǐng)見 “壞賬 ”） bad loans 呆賬準(zhǔn)備金 loan loss reserves（ provisions） 呆滯貸款 idle loans 貸款沉淀 nonperforming loans 貸款分類 loan classification 貸款限額管理 credit control。to impose credit ceiling 貸款約束機(jī)制 credit disciplinary（ constraint） mechanism 代理國庫 to act as fiscal agent 代理金融機(jī)構(gòu)貸款 make loans on behalf of other institutions 戴帽貸款 earmarked loans 經(jīng)濟(jì)金融術(shù)語漢英對(duì)照表 CD 倒逼機(jī)制 reversed transmission of the pressure for easing moary condition 道德風(fēng)險(xiǎn) moral hazard 地區(qū)差別 regional disparity 第一產(chǎn)業(yè) the primary industry 第二產(chǎn)業(yè) the secondary industry 第三產(chǎn)業(yè) the service industry。the tertiary industry 遞延資產(chǎn) deferrable assets 訂貨不足 insufficient orders 定期存款 time deposits 定向募集 raising funds from targeted sources 東道國（請(qǐng)見 “母國 ”） host country 獨(dú)立核算 independent accounting 短期國債 treasury bills 對(duì)沖操作 sterilization operation。hedging 對(duì)非金融部門債權(quán) claims on nonfinancial sector 多種所有制形式 diversified ownership 經(jīng)濟(jì)金融術(shù)語漢英對(duì)照表 EF E 惡性通貨膨脹 hyperinflation 二級(jí)市場(chǎng) secondary market F 發(fā)行貨幣 to issue currency 發(fā)行總股本 total stock issue 法定準(zhǔn)備金 required reserves。reserve requirement 法人股 institutional shares 法人股東 institutional shareholders 法治 rule of law 房地產(chǎn)投資 real estate investment 放松銀根 to ease moary policy 非現(xiàn)場(chǎng)稽核 offsite surveillance（ or monitoring） 非銀行金融機(jī)構(gòu) nonbank financial institutions 經(jīng)濟(jì)金融術(shù)語漢英對(duì)照表 EF 非贏利性機(jī)構(gòu) nonprofit anizations 分稅制 assignment of central and local taxes。tax assignment system 分業(yè)經(jīng)營 segregation of financial business（ services） 。division of business scope based on the type of financial institutions 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)暴露（風(fēng)險(xiǎn)敞口） risk exposure 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理 risk management 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)意識(shí) risk awareness 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)資本比例 riskweighted capital ratios 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)資本標(biāo)準(zhǔn) riskbased capital standard 服務(wù)事業(yè)收入 public service charges。user39。s charges 扶貧 poverty alleviation 負(fù)增長 negative growth 復(fù)式預(yù)算制 doubleentry budgeting。capital and current budgetary account 經(jīng)濟(jì)金融術(shù)語漢英對(duì)照表 GH G 改革試點(diǎn) reform experimentation 杠桿率 leverage ratio 杠桿收購 leveraged buyout 高息集資 to raise funds by offering high interest 個(gè)人股 noninstitutional shares 根本扭轉(zhuǎn) fundamental turnaround（ or reversal） 公開市場(chǎng)操作 open market operations 公款私存 deposit public funds in personal accounts 公用事業(yè) public utilities 公有經(jīng)濟(jì) the stateowned sector。the public sector 公有制 public ownership 工業(yè)成本利潤率 profittocost ratio 經(jīng)濟(jì)金融術(shù)語漢英對(duì)照表 GH 工業(yè)增加值 industrial value added 供大于求 supply exceeding demand。excessive supply 鼓勵(lì)措施 incentives 股份合作企業(yè) jointequity cooperative enterprises 股份制企業(yè) jointequity enterprises 股份制銀行 jointequity banks 固定資產(chǎn)貸款 fixed asset loans 關(guān)稅減免 tariff reduction and exemption 關(guān)稅減讓 tariff concessions 關(guān)稅優(yōu)惠 tariff incentives。preferential tariff treatment 規(guī)范行為 to regularize（ or standardize） …behavior 規(guī)模效益 economies of scale 國計(jì)民生 n