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詞作表語一般用來表示 “ 身份、職業(yè) ” 等。另外要特別注意現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作表語的區(qū)別。 五、非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語 1. The flowers ____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. ( 04上海) A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 2. A man is being questioned in relation to the ________ murder last night. ( 04江蘇) A. advised B. attended C. attempted D. admitted 該題的謂語動(dòng)詞是 attract, “ 聞起來很香 ” 用來作定語修飾主語 flowers。 B C “謀殺 ” 只能被預(yù)謀,故該用過去分詞作定語表示被動(dòng)。 3. The picture _____ on the wall is painted by my nephew. (00 北京春季 ) A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung B hang 作及物動(dòng)詞用時(shí)表示人為的 “ 掛 ” ;作不及物動(dòng)詞用時(shí)表示東西掛在某處的狀態(tài)。本句中的hang 為不及物動(dòng)詞,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。 4. There are five pairs _____, but I’m at a loss which to buy. (99 上海 ) A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing 動(dòng)詞不定式 to choose from 和 to choose 都可以作定語,問題是 to choose 作定語時(shí)名詞是 choose 的對象; to choose from 作定語時(shí),該名詞是 choose 的范圍。該題指的是范圍 . B 非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語時(shí)要注意以下區(qū)別: A)分詞作定語時(shí)與其所修飾的名詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系; B)動(dòng)名詞作定語時(shí)只表示用途、場所等意義; C)不定式作定語時(shí)要注意以下一些固定結(jié)構(gòu): ? 在 time, chance, right 等名詞后; ? 在序數(shù)詞后; ? 在 wish, need, demand, requirement …等詞后。 D)表示 被動(dòng)意義的非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語時(shí)的用法: done 表示已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作 to be done 表示尚未開始的動(dòng)作 being done 表示正在進(jìn)行之中的動(dòng)作 六、非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ) The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _____. (95 N) A. not to B. not to do C. not to it D. do not to A 為了避免重復(fù),常用省略形式 to 來代替前面的動(dòng)作。如:Would you like to visit our school? Yes, I’d like to. 有些動(dòng)詞后面需要用不定式作賓補(bǔ),除 tell 外,常見的還 有: advise allow cause consider encourage forbid force intend order permit persuade remind request require urge warn ask wish want 等 特別注意: hope, agree, demand, suggest 等沒有賓補(bǔ)。 2. Paul doesn’t have to be made _____. He always works hard. (95 N) A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 使役動(dòng)詞 make / have / let sb. do sth. 但改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)后,則應(yīng)為: be made / let to do。注意其它不帶 to 的動(dòng)詞不定式的用法。 B 3. A puter does only what thinking people _____. (99 上海 ) A. have it do B. have it done C. have done it D. having it done A 此句中的 it 指代的是 a puter, what 在從句中作 do 的賓語,表示 “ 人們讓計(jì)算機(jī)所做的事“ 應(yīng)該用 … people have a puter do … 這一結(jié)構(gòu)。需要注意的是 have 的幾個(gè)常用結(jié)構(gòu):have sb. / sth. do…