【正文】 close off the gas bottles or disconnect the power supply to the electric welding set. Do not take gas bottles with you into areas of risk – they may leak. Never try to purify the air with oxygen from your welding set. Improving the air quality with oxygen poses a serious risk of fire or explosion, as materials such as your clothes which are normally not readily flammable are far more inclined to catch fire in oxygen –enriched air.Gas bottlesSpecial caution is required in the use and storage of gas bottles, the contents may be under high pressure, poses a fire hazard or entail major risks. The following suggestions apply to most gas bottles, but you should also check the supplier’s product information. Store the gasa bottles correctly in well ventilated spaces – away from heat sources and direct sunlight. Keep oxidised gases awayfrom flammable gases and full bottles away from empty ones. Make sure the bottles do not topple over when they are stored in the upright position. Some gas bottles, such as acetylene gas, must always be stored vertically. Remember that an acetylene gas bottle is never empty. Use clear labels, filled and empty bottles must be kept apart. Always open the bottle valve gently, do not close the bottle valve further than the point at which the gas is closed off. Do not use excessive force. Report leaking bottles to your supervisor immediately. Never test for leaks with a lit match – use soapy water. Never manipulate safety emblems on valves or bottles.Machines and mechanical equipmentIt is possible to prevent injuries caused by machines and mechanical equipment by watching out for the dangerous, moving parts of the machine and practicing operation and safety systems when working on maintenance. Report damaged or unreliable guards to your supervisor. Make sure the work is properly secured before you start up metalworking machines such as drills, milling cutters, rolls etc. Keep the floor surface clean and free from obstacles around the machine. Put on safety goggles when aworking with grinding and milling machines which have grinding wheels or when turning on a lathe. Always disconnect the power supply before attempting to do any maintenance at all on it. Always follow any maintenance/repair directions of equipment, don39。t take risk even if schedule is tight Never wear loose clothes, have your long hair covered. Never use a machine unless the safety devices are in place and secured. Never use your hands to lower the speed, to stop a machine or to shift the drive belt during operation.Maintenance – machines, premises All machines must have a maintenance plan with a person specified as being responsible. Maintenance must be dealt with by a person appointed by HAW according to a specified plan. Tag Out/ Lock Out procedure must be followed when maintenance is carried out and specified PPE is required All overhead travelling cranes must be inspected and serviced by a certified body every two years If faults occur between the inspections, the supervisor concerned must make sure that the fault is rectified at once.Crane operations Only qualified personnel may operate cranes. Helmet is required when operating cranes. Position the hook above the load so that it doesn’t swing back and forth when hoisted. Make sure the load is free before lifting takes place. Make sure no person is beneath moving loads. Never exceed the lifting capacity of the crane or sling. If in doubt over the weight of the load, ask your supervisor. Never walk or work beneath a suspended load. Never use single sling to lift cracks – use sling with hooks Never use defective or damaged crane – report defectsManual liftingCorrect manual handling and lifting can do a great deal to prevent strains and back ache. A large proportion of industrial injuries are caused by incorrect manual lifting.Once you have damaged your back, the damage may remain for the rest of your life. You can avoid this type of injury by following these suggestions: Assess the weight of the load and get help if it is too heavy for you to lift. Use mechanical aids where appropriate. Assess the job – move any obstacle, note all difficulties, and make sure there is a clear surface where the load can be put down. Stand close to the object you are going to lift, with your feet about 30 cm apart, one foot slightly in front of the other. Tuck your chin in – avoid moving your head forwards or back. Crouch down, keeping your back straight. Take a firm grip of opposite corners of the object with the palms of your hands, grasping where the fingers start. Keep your arms as close to your body as possible. Lift with your thigh muscles, look up and straighten your legs. Never change grip while you are carrying the object. Never twist your back when you are lifting. Never carry if you feel pain. Stop working immediately. ElectricityMisuse of electricity can result in fires and explosions, injury and even death. Only authorized personnel are permitted to work on or maintain electrical equipment. Report worn, inefficient or damaged electrical equipment, such as loosee connections and worn cables, to your supervisor. Make su