試談工程建筑的變形監(jiān)測-文庫吧
2025-06-11 22:03 本頁面
【正文】 Monitoring of natural and manmade structures is an engineering survey activity during which repeated observations are made within a specified time frame for the purpose of detecting and quantifying movements of structures.（自然和人工結(jié)構(gòu)的變形觀測屬于工程測量行為，為了探查和測定【quantify確定數(shù)量】結(jié)構(gòu)的變動，在一個指定【specified指定的】時間框架下重復(fù)觀測）Such monitoring could be of a routine nature (. a dam at high and low water marks) or made necessary by an abnormal condition (. major works near a tall building).（這樣的監(jiān)測可以是Under ordinary circumstances, the interval of time between monitoring and analysis may extend over several days or more.（在普通【ordinary平常的、普通的】情況【circumstances情況、環(huán)境】下，監(jiān)測和分析之間的時間間隔可能延續(xù)幾天甚至更長時間）Under critical condition, this may have to be nearly instantaneous in order to provide a warning, if necessary.（在危急【critical危急的】情況下，如果需要【if necessary】，為了提供預(yù)警【warning警報】這【this 指上句的時間間隔】可能必需是幾乎【nearly幾乎、密切地】即時的【instantaneous】）The volume of data may consist of only several items, in the simplest routine investigation, or of hundreds or thousands of different data, in very plex or critical conditions.（數(shù)據(jù)量【volume】可以是，簡單的例行調(diào)查中，僅由幾項組成【consist of由……組成】；或者在復(fù)雜或危急狀況下，由成百上千的不同數(shù)據(jù)組成）The rate of monitoring may be annually, monthly, weekly, daily, hourly, or even more frequently.（監(jiān)測頻率【rate速率、比例】可以是一年一次【annually一年一次、每年，下同】、一月一次，一周一次、一天一次、每小時一次，甚至更頻繁）Detecting and quantifying movements require the use of very precise equipment. （檢測和測定變形需要非常精確的儀器。）Such movements are very small and to accurately measure them requires meticulous fieldwork as well as rigorous analysis of observed data.（這種變形非常小，準確測量他們需要細心的【meticulous小心的】外業(yè)，還有觀測數(shù)據(jù)的嚴格【rigorous嚴格的】分析）Deformation monitoring techniques can be generally divided into geotechnical, structural and geodetic (survey) methods.（變形監(jiān)測技術(shù)可以一般【generally】分為：土木技術(shù)的、結(jié)構(gòu)的和測繪的方法）The geodetic methods (highly understood by engineering surveyors) that can be used are Global Positioning System (GPS
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