【正文】 擊敗后，在他的反抗上帝，誘惑亞當(dāng)和夏娃吃蘋果從紫禁城樹(shù)，并造成人類沒(méi)落之日 The Neoclassical Period 1. age: 16601798 2. background: The English society of the neoclassical period was a turbulent one. Fast development of England as a nation。 the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason 3. features: (1)a furtherance of the Renaissance – the Enlightenment Movement, advocated universal education (2)reason, eternal truth, eternal justice, eternal equality was what human society should seek for。 advocated universal education (3)reviving the interest in old classical works (neoclassicism) (4)keep to order, logic, restrained emotion and accuracy (5)had specific rules for almost every genre of literature 新古典時(shí)期 1 。年齡： 1660 年至 1798 年 2 。背景：英國(guó)社會(huì)的新古典主義是一個(gè)動(dòng)蕩的時(shí)期之一?？焖侔l(fā)展的英國(guó)作為一個(gè)國(guó)家 。啟蒙時(shí)代的理性時(shí)代 3 。特點(diǎn)： （ 1 ）促進(jìn)文藝復(fù)興 啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)，提倡普及教育 （ 2 ）因此， “永恒的真理” ， “永恒正義” ， “永恒的平等”就是人類社會(huì)應(yīng)尋求 。提倡普及教育 （ 3 ）恢復(fù)的興趣歲古典作品（新古典主義） （ 4 ）保持秩序，邏輯，克制情緒和準(zhǔn)確性 （ 5 ）有具體的規(guī)則幾乎所有的文學(xué)體裁 John Bunyan 約翰 .班楊 As a stout Puritan, he had made a conscientious study of the Bible and firmly believed in salvation through spiritual struggle Concrete and living language\carefully observed and vividly presented detail 作為一個(gè)胖乎乎的清教徒，他提出了認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)圣經(jīng)并堅(jiān)信在救贖通過(guò)精神斗爭(zhēng) 混凝土和生活的語(yǔ)言 \仔細(xì)觀察和生 動(dòng)地介紹詳細(xì) The Pilgrim?s Progress 天路 歷程 (Symbolizes human world, for All the eth is vanity。 everything and anything in this world is vanity, have no value and no meaning。 but this town lay in the way to the Celestial City, meaning pilgrims had to resist the temptations there when they made their way through) （象征人類的世界， ―所有的人來(lái)了是虛榮” 。一切，在這個(gè)世界上什么是“虛榮” ，沒(méi)有任何價(jià)值，沒(méi)有意義，但這個(gè)城市“奠定基礎(chǔ)”的方式向富城，朝圣者不得不意義抗拒的誘惑的時(shí)候，他們正在通過(guò)） Is the most successful religious allegory in the English language。 its purpose is to urge people to abide by Christian doctrines and seek salvation through constant struggles with their own weakness and all kinds of social evils 是最成功的宗教寓言中英文 。其目的是敦促人們遵守基督教教義，并尋求通過(guò)不斷的斗爭(zhēng)救贖自己的弱點(diǎn)和各種社會(huì)丑惡現(xiàn)象 Alexander Pope 亞歷山大 .蒲伯 Strongly advocated neoclassicism, emphasizing that literary works should be judged by classical rules of order, reason, logic, restrained emotion, good taste and decorum Satiric\concise\smooth\graceful\wellbalanced style 大力倡導(dǎo)新古典主義，強(qiáng)調(diào)文學(xué)作品應(yīng)該是評(píng)判古典規(guī)則秩序，因此，邏輯，克制情緒，品味和禮儀 On Criticism 論批評(píng) a prehensive study of the theories of literary criticism。 a typical didactic one。 written in the form of heroic couplets, it39。s plain in style and it is easy to read. 全面研究的理論文學(xué)批評(píng) 。一個(gè)典型的說(shuō)教 1 。書面的形式，英勇春聯(lián)，這是平原的風(fēng)格很容易閱讀。 諷刺 \簡(jiǎn)明 \順利 \優(yōu)雅 \均衡的風(fēng)格 Daniel Defoe 丹尼爾 .笛弗 A very good storyteller。 his sentences are sometimes short, crisp and plain, and sometimes long and rambling, which leave on the reader an impression of casual narration Smooth\easy\colloquial\mostly vernacular 一個(gè)非常好的故事取款 。他的判決有時(shí)短，清晰和平原，有時(shí)長(zhǎng)，雜亂，這對(duì)讀者留下的印象休閑敘事 順利 \容易 \口語(yǔ) \大多白話 Robinson Crusoe 魯賓遜漂流記 Adventure on a deserted island。 depicts a hero grows from an inexperienced youth onto a shrewd and hardened man。 a song of courage, wisdom, struggle against the hostile natural environment 冒險(xiǎn)一荒島上 。描繪一個(gè)英雄的增長(zhǎng)從一個(gè)缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)的青年到一個(gè)精明和硬化男子 。一首歌的勇氣，智慧 ，斗爭(zhēng)敵對(duì)自然環(huán)境 Jonathan Swift 喬納森 .斯威特 Is almost unsurpassed in the writing of simple, direct, precise prose。 ―proper words in proper places‖ Clear\simple\concrete diction\unplicated sentence structure\economy and conciseness of language 幾乎是無(wú)以倫比的書面簡(jiǎn)單，直接，準(zhǔn)確的散 文“在適當(dāng)?shù)脑掃m當(dāng)?shù)牡胤健? 明確 \簡(jiǎn)單 \具體文辭 \簡(jiǎn)單的句子結(jié)構(gòu) \經(jīng)濟(jì)和簡(jiǎn)潔的語(yǔ)言 Gulliver?s Travels 格列佛游記 Four places: Lilliput, Brobdingnag, the flying island。 Houyhnhnm 四個(gè)地方：小人國(guó)，大人國(guó)，飛島 。 Houyhnhnm Henry Fielding 亨利 .菲爾丁 First of all the 18th century English novelist to write the ic epic in prose。 the first to give the modern novel its structure and style。 use the thirdperson narration。 ―Father of the English Novel ‖。 ―the just copies of human manners‖ Easy\unlaboured\familiar\extremely vivid and vigorous\ logic and rhythm 首先是 18 世紀(jì)英國(guó)小說(shuō)家寫的 “漫畫史詩(shī)的散文” 。首次向現(xiàn)代小說(shuō)的結(jié)構(gòu)和風(fēng)格 。使用第三人稱敘事 。之父“的英文小說(shuō)” ， ―公正的副本人類禮儀“ 簡(jiǎn)單 \ unlaboured \熟悉 \極為生動(dòng)和有力的 \邏輯和節(jié)奏 Tom Jones 湯姆 .瓊 斯 Samuel Johnson 賽繆爾 .約翰遜 Very much concerned with the theme of the vanity of human wishes。 no matter how plex his sentences are, the thought is always clearly expressed 非常關(guān)心的主題虛榮的人的愿望 。不管多么復(fù)雜的句子，思想始終是明確表示 To the Right Honorable the Earl of Chesterfield 致可敬的吉士菲爾伯爵書 A strong indignation at the Earl39。s famefishing。 implying writers independence in economy and writing。 open a new era in the development of literature 阿強(qiáng)烈憤慨伯爵的名氣捕撈 。意味著作家獨(dú)立的經(jīng)濟(jì)和寫作 。開(kāi)放的一個(gè)新時(shí)代的文學(xué)的發(fā)展 Richard The only important English dramatist of the eighteenth century。 in The School of Scandal A story about two brothers Brinsley Sheridan 理查德德 .比 .謝立丹 his plays, morality is the constant theme 唯一重要的英語(yǔ)戲劇家的十八世紀(jì)，在他的戲劇，道德是不變的主題 造謠學(xué)校 講述兩兄弟 Thomas Gray 扥馬斯 .格雷 The leader of the sentimental poetry of the day, especially ―the Graveyard School 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的感傷詩(shī)的一天，尤其是“墓地學(xué)校 ‖ Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard 墓園挽歌 挽歌作者在一國(guó)墓地墓園挽歌 Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard 墓園挽歌 挽歌作者在一國(guó)墓地墓園挽歌 The Romantic Period 1. age: 17981870 2. background: ing along with the French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution 3. features: (1)contrary with the neoclassicism: emphasize that man have in mon, focuses on the special qualities of individual mind (2)tend to probe into the inner world of the human spirit rather narrate daily happenings of the human world (3)employ rural scenery, legendary and mythological, stories of ancient times, figures from country and Orientals (4)produce a number of great poets, the Romantic period is an age of poetry (5)the focus of the everyday life of human beings in the Age brought about the flourishing of familiar essays 浪漫主義時(shí)期 1 。年齡： 1798 至 1870 年 2 。背景：今后隨著法國(guó)大革命和工業(yè)革命