高三英語：專題九非謂語動詞十一-專題熱點復習-文庫吧
2025-05-23 23:51 本頁面
【正文】 notice, observe）；3使（make, let, have）；2聽（listen to, hear）；1感覺（fell）。以上動詞還可用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語（5+3+2+12+4）：即以上動詞除let, make 外都可以用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語，此外find, catch, keep, lave 也可以用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語。如：At that time, I found him crying in the street. He was caught stealing. I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long time. The missing boys were last seen playing near the river. 熱點三 不定式、分詞作定語用法要點一、不定式作定語1．作定語的不定式如果是不及物動詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的地點、工具等，不定式后面須有相應的介詞。如：The Browns have a fortable house to live in. There is nothing to worry about. Please give me a knife to cut with.Here is some paper for you to write on.但是，不定式所修飾的名詞如果是time, place 或way時，不定式后面的介詞習慣上省去。如：He had no money and no place to live (in).We found a way to solve this problem (in).2．當作定語的不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的承受者時，不定式既可以用主動語態(tài)，也可用被動語態(tài)，但其含義有所不同。試比較：Have you anything to send ? 你有什么東西要寄嗎？（不定式to send 的動作執(zhí)行者是“你”）Have you anything to be sent ? 你有什么要（我或別人）寄的東西嗎？（不定式to be sent 的動作執(zhí)行者是“我”或“別人”）3．用不定式作定語的幾種情況：不定式表將來：I borrowed some books to read during my holiday. 用來修飾被序數(shù)詞、最高級或no, all, any 等限定的中心詞。如：He was the best man to do the job.She was the first woman to sin the gold medal in the Olympic Games. Women and children were the first to get into the lifeboats. 用來修飾的詞是抽象名詞時，常見的有：ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time 等。如：Do you have the ability to read and write English ?I have to chance to go sight –seeing. 二、分詞作定語1．作定語的及物動詞分詞形式為：V –ing。 being + 過去分詞；過去分詞。當被修飾的名詞與分詞為主動關系時，用V –ing；當被修飾的名詞與分詞為被動關系且表正在進行時，用being + 過去分詞；當被修飾的名詞與分詞為被動關系且表完成時，用過去分詞。例如：The houses being built are for the teachers. The broken glass is Tom’s. I have never seen a more moving movie. 2．作定語的不及物動詞分詞形式為：V –ing 和過去分詞。V –ing 表示正在進行；過去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成。如：falling leaves 正落的葉子 fallen leaves 落下的葉子boiling water 正沸騰的水 boiled water 沸騰過的水（白開水）三、不定式、過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞被動式作定語的區(qū)別這三種形式作定語，主要是體現(xiàn)在動作的發(fā)生時間上。過去分詞表示的動作或是在謂語所表示的動作之前發(fā)生，或是沒有一定的時間性。如：Have you read the novel written by Dickens ?He is man loved and respected by all. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases known only to people with specific knowledge. 現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式作定語時表示的動作正在發(fā)生或是與謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發(fā)生。如：Listen ! The song being sung is very popular with the students. 不定式的被動式作定語時，表示一個未來的動作。如：The question to be discussed at the tomorrow’s meeting is a very important one. 熱點四 不定式、動名詞作賓語用法要點一、下面動詞只能用不定式作賓語Decide / determine, learn, want, expect / hope / wish, refuse, manage, care, pretend, offer, promise, choose, plan, agree, ask / beg, help 此外，afford, strive 等也要用不定式作賓語。例如：① She pretended not to see me when I passed by.② We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.③ In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state – run panies are striving to make their products more p
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