高三英語(yǔ)：專題九非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞十一-專題熱點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)-文庫(kù)吧
2025-05-23 23:51 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 notice, observe）；3使（make, let, have）；2聽（listen to, hear）；1感覺（fell）。以上動(dòng)詞還可用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（5+3+2+12+4）：即以上動(dòng)詞除let, make 外都可以用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，此外find, catch, keep, lave 也可以用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如：At that time, I found him crying in the street. He was caught stealing. I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long time. The missing boys were last seen playing near the river. 熱點(diǎn)三 不定式、分詞作定語(yǔ)用法要點(diǎn)一、不定式作定語(yǔ)1．作定語(yǔ)的不定式如果是不及物動(dòng)詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)、工具等，不定式后面須有相應(yīng)的介詞。如：The Browns have a fortable house to live in. There is nothing to worry about. Please give me a knife to cut with.Here is some paper for you to write on.但是，不定式所修飾的名詞如果是time, place 或way時(shí)，不定式后面的介詞習(xí)慣上省去。如：He had no money and no place to live (in).We found a way to solve this problem (in).2．當(dāng)作定語(yǔ)的不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，不定式既可以用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，也可用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但其含義有所不同。試比較：Have you anything to send ? 你有什么東西要寄嗎？（不定式to send 的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是“你”）Have you anything to be sent ? 你有什么要（我或別人）寄的東西嗎？（不定式to be sent 的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是“我”或“別人”）3．用不定式作定語(yǔ)的幾種情況：不定式表將來(lái)：I borrowed some books to read during my holiday. 用來(lái)修飾被序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)或no, all, any 等限定的中心詞。如：He was the best man to do the job.She was the first woman to sin the gold medal in the Olympic Games. Women and children were the first to get into the lifeboats. 用來(lái)修飾的詞是抽象名詞時(shí)，常見的有：ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time 等。如：Do you have the ability to read and write English ?I have to chance to go sight –seeing. 二、分詞作定語(yǔ)1．作定語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞分詞形式為：V –ing。 being + 過去分詞；過去分詞。當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與分詞為主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，用V –ing；當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與分詞為被動(dòng)關(guān)系且表正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，用being + 過去分詞；當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與分詞為被動(dòng)關(guān)系且表完成時(shí)，用過去分詞。例如：The houses being built are for the teachers. The broken glass is Tom’s. I have never seen a more moving movie. 2．作定語(yǔ)的不及物動(dòng)詞分詞形式為：V –ing 和過去分詞。V –ing 表示正在進(jìn)行；過去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成。如：falling leaves 正落的葉子 fallen leaves 落下的葉子boiling water 正沸騰的水 boiled water 沸騰過的水（白開水）三、不定式、過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)式作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別這三種形式作定語(yǔ)，主要是體現(xiàn)在動(dòng)作的發(fā)生時(shí)間上。過去分詞表示的動(dòng)作或是在謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，或是沒有一定的時(shí)間性。如：Have you read the novel written by Dickens ?He is man loved and respected by all. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases known only to people with specific knowledge. 現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生或是與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。如：Listen ! The song being sung is very popular with the students. 不定式的被動(dòng)式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示一個(gè)未來(lái)的動(dòng)作。如：The question to be discussed at the tomorrow’s meeting is a very important one. 熱點(diǎn)四 不定式、動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)用法要點(diǎn)一、下面動(dòng)詞只能用不定式作賓語(yǔ)Decide / determine, learn, want, expect / hope / wish, refuse, manage, care, pretend, offer, promise, choose, plan, agree, ask / beg, help 此外，afford, strive 等也要用不定式作賓語(yǔ)。例如：① She pretended not to see me when I passed by.② We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.③ In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state – run panies are striving to make their products more p
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