【正文】
ing. The girl is often heard to sing in her room in the evening.【★】 各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)【趁熱打鐵】1. A new club in our school at the beginning of this year and now it has many members. A. starts B. is started C. has started D. was started【解析】考查一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意:年初,我們學(xué)校 一個(gè)新俱樂部。目前,它已經(jīng)吸納了很多會(huì)員。本題主語為動(dòng)作承受者,需用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“at the beginning of this year ”可知應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故選D?;仡櫺〗Y(jié) (2分鐘) 根據(jù)圖像注意主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)之間的切換,主語與賓語的正確寫法; 通過表格,要認(rèn)識(shí)并掌握每個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)所表達(dá)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)及正確書寫格式。專題導(dǎo)入() (3分鐘)被動(dòng)語態(tài)中,時(shí)常伴隨著時(shí)態(tài)的改變,認(rèn)真注意每個(gè)細(xì)節(jié),防止走入誤區(qū)。 堅(jiān)定步伐易錯(cuò)清單1. 主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表被動(dòng)(1)open, lock, write, read, sell, wash, cut, burn, drive等詞作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),它們的主語為物,可以用主動(dòng)語態(tài)表被動(dòng)意義。如:Mo Yan39。s novels sell well. 莫言的小說很好賣(銷路好)。(2)表示感覺的連系動(dòng)詞如feel, look, smell, sound, taste等后跟表語時(shí),總是用其主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義,它們不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如:The table feels smooth.這張桌子摸起來很光滑。(3)在be worth doing(值得做)中,doing表被動(dòng)意義。 The book is well worth reading.這本書很值得一讀。(4)want/need/require +doing相當(dāng)于want/need/ require +to be done。如:The library needs cleaning.=The library needs to be cleaned. 圖書館需要打掃了。2. 不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的情況(1)當(dāng)謂語是表示狀態(tài)或特征的及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。這樣的及物動(dòng)詞有have, bee, cost, reach, sell, arrive, fit, hold, own, suit等。如:We have a good teacher.我們有一位好老師。The classroom holds 80 students.這間教室容納80個(gè)學(xué)生。(2)及物動(dòng)詞的賓語為反身代詞、相互代詞、非謂語動(dòng)詞、同源賓語時(shí),都沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如:The boy taught himself English. 這男孩自學(xué)英語。We help each other. 我們互相幫助。(3)當(dāng)主動(dòng)句的賓語是不定式時(shí),很少用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如:She likes to swim. 她喜歡游泳。3. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別動(dòng)詞“be+過去分詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu)既可以是被動(dòng)語態(tài),也可以是系表結(jié)構(gòu)。這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)主要的區(qū)別是:被動(dòng)語態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作,系表結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。我們還可以通過以下方法來判斷:(1)從形式上來看,被動(dòng)語態(tài)往往接by施動(dòng)者,而系表結(jié)構(gòu)往往有固定的搭配,如be separated from, be covered with, be interest