【正文】 well．這煙斗不太通暢。These plays act wonderfully．這些劇演得好。Kate39。s book reads like an interesting novel．凱特的這本書讀起來像本有趣的小說。注意：主動表被動強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語的特征，而被動語態(tài)則強(qiáng)調(diào)外界作用造成的影響。如：The door won39。t lock．門鎖不上。（指門本身有毛?。㏕he door won39。t be locked．門不會被鎖上。（指不會有人來鎖門）His novels sell easily．他的小說銷路好。（指小說本身內(nèi)容好）His novels are sold easily．他的小說容易銷售。（主要強(qiáng)調(diào)外界對小說的需求量大）6．某些動名詞的主動形式表被動含義1）在need，want，require，deserve和bear等詞的后面，動名詞用主動形式表示被動含義，其含義相當(dāng)于動詞不定式的被動形式。如：The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．這房子需要修理。My clothes need washing（to be washed）．我的衣服需要洗了。2）形容詞worth后面跟動名詞的主動形式表示被動含義，但不能跟動詞不定式；而worthy后面跟動詞不定式的被動形式。如：The picturebook is well worth reading．（＝The picturebook is very worthy to be read．）這本畫冊很值得一讀。Such a man as Mr．Smith is not worth helping．（＝Such a man as Mr．Smith is not worthy to be helped．）像史密斯先生那樣的人不值得幫助。This plan is not worth considering．（＝This plan is not worthy to be considered．）這個計劃不值得考慮。3）某些動詞不定式的主動形式表被動含義a．當(dāng)nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等形容詞后跟不定式作狀語，而句子的主語又是動詞不定式的邏輯賓語時，這時常用不定式的主動形式表達(dá)被動含義。如：Japanese is not difficult to learn．日語并不難學(xué)。（指日語被學(xué)）The water is unfit to drink．這水不適合喝。（指水被喝）The piece of music is pleasant to hear．這首音樂聽起來很悅耳。（指音樂被聽）This book is easy to read．這本書讀起來很容易。（指書被讀）b．當(dāng)動詞不定式在名詞后面作定語，不定式和名詞之間有動賓關(guān)系時，不定式的主動形式表示被動含義。如：I have a lot of work to do today．我今天有很多工作要做。（work to do指被做的工作）He has three children to look after．他有三個孩子要照看。（children to look after指孩子被照看）注意：如果以上句型用動詞不定式的被動形式，其含義有所區(qū)別。如：I have some clothes to be washed．我有些要洗的衣服。（衣服不是自己洗）c．在there be．．．句型中，當(dāng)動詞不定式修飾名詞作定語時，不定式用主動或被動式，其含義沒有什么區(qū)別。如：There is a lot of homework to do（to be done）．有很多家庭作業(yè)要做。There are some clothes to wash（to be washed）．有些衣服要洗。4）由介詞for，on，above，under等構(gòu)成的短語有時可以表達(dá)被動含義。如：His paintings will be on show tomorrow afternoon．＝His paintings will be shown tomorrow afternoon．他的油畫作品明天下午展出。5）表示感官意義的連系動詞如smell，feel，taste，look，sound等在句子中常表達(dá)被動含義。如：How nice the music sounds！這音樂聽起來多悅耳！Good medicine tastes bitter．良藥苦口。Our school looks more beautiful than before．我們學(xué)校看上去比以前更漂亮了。把下列句子變成被動語態(tài) found some jewels in a box. teacher is keeping the pupils at school for a revision. has left a parcel for you. must finish the article before Friday. will not paint the house again next year. promised Mary a new doll for her birthday. have told the children many times not to skate on the pond. did he translate the story? had to repair our TV set. they take good care of the sick? pany has paid the workers very handsome wages. showed me the room where they lived.把下列句子變成主動語態(tài) is spoken in South America. plans will have to be revised. the words must be looked up in a dictionary. John been cured of his heart illness? door should not have been left open all night. are afraid that we may be attacked at night. are being taught how to operate the new machine.用動詞的正確時態(tài)填空Our desks and chairs________________(make)of paper of books and newspapers______also___________(make)from some kinds of cloth__________________(make)from people____________(burn)wood to keep themselves warm in ,wood_______(be)important in our everyday life.Where________wood__________(e)from?It________________(take)from trees which_____________(grow)in the (know)how it____________(get)to us from the mountains?First of all,trees___________(cut)down when they______________(grow)big their branches_______________(cut)off,and logs_______________(make).These heavy logs________________(put)together in different ways and_________________(take)down to the foot of the of them_________________(float使漂流)down the small rivers and others_________________(carry)down on trains.Big trees________________(cut)down in the mountains every young ones______________________(must,plant)so that we______always________________(can,have)enough have to take good care of mountains so that they________