【正文】 n up with (sb) （與某人）聯(lián)合，會(huì)合 join hands (with sb)（與某人）拉起手；合伙，聯(lián)合 辨析join / join in / take part in / attend / participate： join表示“加入黨派、組織、社團(tuán)、俱樂部”等，如join the Party / Youth League / army / club /organization。 join in表示“參加正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)”，如join in a game / discussion / conversation / walk。亦可說：join sb in (doing) sth。 take part in表示“參加會(huì)議、活動(dòng)”，側(cè)重說明主語參加并發(fā)揮一定作用，part前若有修飾語，要用不定冠詞，如take (an active) part in a party / school activities / physical labour。 attend表示“出席或參加會(huì)議、儀式、婚禮、葬禮、典禮，上課，上學(xué)，聽報(bào)告”，如attend a meeting / a sports meeting / a concert / a show / school / a lecture。 participate為正式用語，和介詞in連用，表示積極地參與。eg: She listens but she never joins in. Our teacher often joins us in singing and dancing. How many countries took part in the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing? Our children attend the same school.Unit 2 English around the worldnative, base, mand, request, recognize, block, because of, e up, such as, play a role / part in,1. native adj. 本國的；本地的；天賦的 n. 本地人；本國人be native to 原產(chǎn)于某地的，土生土長的be a native of 土生土長的本地人go native 入鄉(xiāng)隨俗，同化native art / dance / peoples土著藝術(shù)、舞蹈 / 民族native wit / intelligence 與生俱來的機(jī)智 / 才智eg: The tiger is native to India. He is a native of Beijing. You can always tell the difference between the tourists and the natives.2. base vt. 以…為根據(jù) n. 基部；基地；基礎(chǔ)base sth on / upon sth 以…為基礎(chǔ)（或根據(jù)）base sb / sth / oneself in 以…為據(jù)點(diǎn)（或總部等），把（總部等）設(shè)在the base of a column / glass / pyramid 柱基 / 玻璃杯底 / 金字塔底座a military / naval base 軍事 / 海軍基地based adj. （以某事）為基礎(chǔ) / 根據(jù)的baseless adj. 無根據(jù)的；無緣無故的basement n. 地下室eg: What are you basing this theory on? They decided to base the new pany in New York. The town is an ideal base for touring the area.3. mand n. [C] 命令，指令 [U]掌握 vt. 命令，指揮，支配；博得；贏得at sb’s mand 聽某人指揮under one’s mand 由…指揮under the mand of sb 在…指揮之下have (a) mand of 掌握；精通（尤指語言）take mand of 控制(be) in mand of 掌握，控制mand sb to do sth 命令某人做某事mand that… (should) do… 命令…eg: The police arrived and took mand of the situation.Applicants will be expected to have (a) mand of English. The mission intervened and manded that work on the building cease.注：mand后面的賓語從句、表語從句或同位語從句要用虛擬語氣，謂語形式是should + 動(dòng)詞原形或省略should。4. request n.amp。vt. 請(qǐng)求；要求make (a) request for… 請(qǐng)求；要求…at sb’s request = at the request of sb應(yīng)某人之要求by request (of) 照需要；依照請(qǐng)求；應(yīng)邀on request 一經(jīng)要求request sb to do sth 請(qǐng)求某人做某事request that sb (should) do sth 請(qǐng)求…request sth from / of sb 向某人請(qǐng)求某物It is requested that… 據(jù)要求…eg: He was there at the request of his manager. She requested that no one (should) be told of her decision.You are requested not to smoke in the restaurant.常用虛擬語氣的動(dòng)詞口訣：一堅(jiān)持insist；二命令order，mand；三建議advise，suggest，propose；四要求ask，demand，request，require。5. recognize vt. 辨認(rèn)出；承認(rèn)recognize sb / sth by / from… 根據(jù)…認(rèn)出某人 / 某事（物）be recognized to be / as 被認(rèn)作…/被認(rèn)為是…It is recognized that… 人們公認(rèn)…recognition n. 認(rèn)識(shí)；認(rèn)出out of / beyond recognition 認(rèn)不出來eg: Drugs were not recognized to be / as a serious problem then. It was recognized that this solution could only be temporary. The book is now recognized as a classic.6. block n. 大塊；大樓；街區(qū)；一批，一組 v. 阻塞，擋住a block of ice / concrete / stone 一大塊冰 / 混凝土 / 石頭a tower block 高層建筑an office block 辦公大樓a block of shares 一大宗股份block off 封鎖，堵住block out 擋住，遮住block up 塞住，封住block…from 阻止…做…eg: His apartment is three blocks away from the police station. The main roads of the city have been blocked off. The fallen trees blocked us from going into the flooded area.注：表示“阻止…做…”的動(dòng)詞有：block…。 (from)… / prevent…。 (from)… / stop…。 (from)…/ ban…。 (from)…/ keep…from…7. because of 因?yàn)?；由? because of是介詞短語，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞；because是連詞，后跟從句。辨析because of / owing to / due to / on account of / thanks to：這五個(gè)短語都有“由于、因?yàn)椤钡囊馑?，都是介詞短語，因此后面不可接從句。 because of意為“由于，因?yàn)椤?，?qiáng)調(diào)因果關(guān)系，在句中一般作狀語。 owing to與because of一樣，也強(qiáng)調(diào)因果關(guān)系，作表語或狀語。 due to引出造成后果的原因，在句中常作表語、狀語。作狀語時(shí)與owing to同義，但due to一般不置于句首。 on account of與because of，owing to同義，但語氣較為正式?？勺鳡钫Z、表語。 thanks to只能用作狀語，可以表達(dá)正面意思，“幸虧”，也可用于諷刺口吻中（近于諷刺口吻中的“感謝”）。eg: Liu Xiang gave up the petition because of his injury. The game was cancelled owing to heavy rain. The team’s success was largely due to her efforts. It was a great success — thanks to a lot of hard work.8. e up 走近；上來；發(fā)芽；發(fā)生；被提出；（太陽、月亮等）升起e up with 想出；提出e about 發(fā)生e across 穿過(路、橋)；偶遇；偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)(=e upon)e along 一道來；一起去；進(jìn)步；趕快e back 回來；記起e on (風(fēng)、雨等)到來；(演員)出場(chǎng)；趕快；得了吧e out 出版；出來，出現(xiàn)；結(jié)果是e to 蘇醒；總計(jì)；達(dá)到；談到eg: The daffodils are just beginning to e up. The subject came up in conversation. She came up with a new idea for increasing sales.注：e up含有“被提出”之意，以物作主語，此時(shí)不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；而e up with意為“提出，想出”，其主語是人。I came up with a proposal a