【正文】 ob left her with very little free time.2. vote vt.amp。 hurt可以指肉體上的傷害，也可以指精神上的傷害，特指伴有疼痛的肉體上的傷害；作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，是“痛”的意思。 ruin亦指徹底毀掉，但不含有某種摧毀性的力量進(jìn)行破壞，而含有在一定的過程中逐漸毀掉的意思。eg: It’s a difficult question to answer. Tom is easy to please. Harry Potter is interesting to read.8. A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is. no matter how引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“無論多么…”，how后緊跟形容詞或副詞，此處相當(dāng)于however + 形容詞 / 副詞。eg: Try to persuade him to e. I allowed myself to be persuaded into entering the petition. I am still not fully persuaded of the plan’s advantage.注：You can advise him but you may not persuade him.3. determine vt.amp。 more than + 名詞，表示“不僅是，不只是”。 thanks to只能用作狀語，可以表達(dá)正面意思，“幸虧”，也可用于諷刺口吻中（近于諷刺口吻中的“感謝”）。 (from)…/ keep…from…7. because of 因?yàn)?；由? because of是介詞短語，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞；because是連詞，后跟從句。 participate為正式用語，和介詞in連用，表示積極地參與。 vi. 后常跟介詞from，表示“受……折磨；受……之苦，患某種疾病”。4. settle vi. 安家；定居；停留 vt. 使定居；安排；解決settle down 舒適地坐下（或躺下）；定居；安靜 / 平靜下來settle in / into 習(xí)慣于；適應(yīng)settle on 選定，決定settle up 付清賬單 settled adj. 穩(wěn)定的；舒適自在的settlement n. 協(xié)議，定居點(diǎn)eg: The pany has agreed to settle out of court. It’s all settled — we’re leaving on the nine o’clock plane. I settled her on the sofa and put a blanket over her.5. suffer vt. 遭受，蒙受；后跟pain / defeat / loss / poverty / hunger / punishment / hardship以及表示疾病的詞。 attend表示“出席或參加會(huì)議、儀式、婚禮、葬禮、典禮，上課，上學(xué)，聽報(bào)告”，如attend a meeting / a sports meeting / a concert / a show / school / a lecture。 (from)…/ ban…?？勺鳡钫Z、表語。eg: Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are being rare. It is possible to bine Computer Science with other subjects, for example, Physics. We discussed everything — when to go, what to see and so on.10. play a role / part in 在…中擔(dān)任角色；在…中起作用play an important role / part in 在…方面起重要作用play the role of sb = play / act the part of sb （在劇中）扮演某人的角色play the leading role 起主要（帶頭）作用eg: Clowns play an important role in a circus. She plays an active part in local politics. The media play a major role in influencing people’s opinions.11. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. more than + 數(shù)詞，表示“超過，多于”。2. persuade vt. 勸說；說服persuade sb to do sth = persuade sb into doing sth說服某人做某事persuade sb not to do sth = persuade sb out of doing sth說服某人不做某事try to persuade sb to do sth (= advise sb to do sth)盡力勸說某人做某事（但未勸服）persuade sb of sth 使某人相信…persuasive adj. 有說服力的；令人信服的persuasion n. 說服；信服；信念辨析advise / persuade：advise表示“勸告”的動(dòng)作，不看結(jié)果，而persuade強(qiáng)調(diào)“已經(jīng)說服”；advise既可接動(dòng)詞的ing形式作賓語，也可接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（必須用虛擬語氣should + 動(dòng)詞原形），而persuade不能。 不定式作定語時(shí)，當(dāng)在句子中能找到不定式的邏輯主語且不定式與其所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，這時(shí)不定式可用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。vi. （使）爆裂；（使）裂開；突然出現(xiàn)；爆發(fā) n. 突然破裂；爆發(fā)burst out 突然迸發(fā)；爆發(fā)burst out doing sth = burst into + n. 突然…起來be bursting to do sth 渴望，急著要做（某事） burst in / into 闖進(jìn)，突然破門而入burst with anger / grief / joy 勃然大怒 / 心痛欲絕 / 樂不可支eg: The excellent performance of Chinese petitors at the 29th Beijing Olympic Games caused bursts of applause.She was bursting to tell him the good news.The boy burst into tears on seeing the big dog.2. ruin n. [U]毀壞；毀滅，崩潰 [C](Pl.)廢墟、遺址 v. （使）破產(chǎn)，（使）墮落，毀滅be in ruins 成為廢墟be the ruin of 成為…毀滅（墮落）的原因bring sb to ruin 使某人失?。皇箖A家蕩產(chǎn)e / fall to / into ruin 毀滅；崩潰；破壞掉ruin oneself 自取滅亡ruin one’s health / fame 破壞某人的健康 / 名譽(yù)eg: The bank stepped in to save the pany from financial ruin.My new shoes got ruined in the mud.That one mistake ruined his chance of getting the job.辨析destroy，ruin，damage，break，spoil： destroy常指徹底的、不能或很難修復(fù)的“破壞、毀壞”程度較深；也可用于損壞抽象的東西，比如名譽(yù)、計(jì)劃、努力、契約等。 injure一般指由于意外或事故造成的損傷，其賓語常為健康、成就、容貌等，強(qiáng)調(diào)功能的損失。構(gòu)成的句式為：leave sth / sb + 賓補(bǔ)（現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞，不定式，介詞短語，副詞，形容詞）。名詞短語作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的有：the momentthe minute = as soon as 一…就…the instantevery time 每次 / 回…就…each time 每當(dāng)…時(shí)next time 下次…時(shí)any time （在）任何時(shí)間有時(shí)副詞也可充當(dāng)連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，它們是：instantly，immediately，directly等，相當(dāng)于as soon as。n. 逃脫；逃生；泄露escape from 從…逃脫，逃避escape death 死里逃生escape one’s notice 沒注意narrow escape 死里逃生eg: She managed to escape from the burning car.He was lucky to escape punishment.His name escapes me.注：escape后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)，要用其ing形式。6. right away 立刻，馬上表示“立刻，馬上”的結(jié)構(gòu)：without delay / right now / immediately / at once / in no time / right off辨析right away / right now：right away“立刻，馬上”，相當(dāng)于at once，in no time。它表示的范圍極廣，程度也不一。 wherever，whenever，however常引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，可以換成no matter where / when / how，可以防在主句前或后。類似的短語還有：prepare for / be prepared for， worry about / be worried about。此時(shí)，從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是及物動(dòng)詞，并且與句子的主語為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。通常放在被列舉的事物的前面以及需要說明的事物的后面，意思是“比如；諸如…之類的”，也與like互換，as后面不能有逗號(hào)。 owing to與because of一樣，也強(qiáng)調(diào)因果關(guān)系，作表語或狀語。vt. 請(qǐng)求；要求make (a) request for… 請(qǐng)求；要求…at sb’s request = at the request of sb應(yīng)某人之要求by request (of) 照需要；依照請(qǐng)求；應(yīng)邀on request 一經(jīng)要求request sb to do sth 請(qǐng)求某人做