【正文】 ithdraw from the system. ? The highest reasonable output rate which can be achieved with the current product specifications, product mix, work force, plant, and equipment. [APICS dictionary] 20 Capacity Management ? The function of establishing, measuring, monitoring, and adjusting limits or levels of capacity in order to execute all manufacturing schedules. [APICS dictionary] ? Include – capacity planning – capacity control 21 Work Center and Load ? Work Center – A specific production facility, consisting of one or more people and/or machines, which can be considered as on unit for purposes of capacity requirements planning and detailed scheduling. [APICS dictionary] ? Load – The amount of scheduled work ahead of a manufacturing facility, usually expressed in terms of hours of work or units of production. [APICS dictionary] 22 Wight’s Funnel CAPACITY LOAD OUTPUT 23 Capacity and Load [APICS] Capacity Load (每一作業(yè)之 Setup 及 run times) 工程研發(fā)工單 PM 重工工單 計劃工單 已發(fā)放工單 加班及外包 考慮人員 , 設施 ,之 available hours 及 Time Efficiency Rate 減項 Breaks, Downtime, Rework Absenteeism, Daily, Maintenance, Other Capacity Planning Terms Load Available Week Hours per resource Capacity Utilization Scenarios Load Available Load Available Load Available Balanced Underloaded Overloaded 26 Determining Capacity Available ? Demonstrated (Measured) Capacity – the average recent output actually achieved , is figured from historical data – is defined as average output, not max output ? Rated (Calculated) Capacity – available hours utilization efficiency 27 6% 6% 62% 13% 13% Breaks R. Maintenance Run Time Unutilized but scheduled time Setup Time Utilization Actual time used (run and setup) Scheduled time intended for production Utilization = A measure of how intensively a resource is being used…. 28 Utilization Example: Breaks: 20 minutes per shift Routine maintenance: 10 minutes per shift Run time charged: 6 hours Setup time: hour Utilization = 29 Efficiency ? A measure of how closely predetermined standards are achieved. Actual output (standard hours earned) Standard output expected (scheduled) efficiency = 30 Efficiency Example: Work center: 3 machines, two 8hrs shifts, five days a week Breakdown: 12 hrs per week Utilization = records indicate that the work center produced an average of sta. Hours of output. Efficiency = Capacity = 31 Capacity Determination Shift per Day ? Machines or Work Stations ? Hours per Shift ? Days per Week ? Utilization ? Efficiency = Standard Hours per Week Ex: Shifts = 3 Shift Length = 8 hrs 5 Days per Week Number of Machines = 6 Machine Utilization = .8 Efficiency = .9 32 RoughCut Capacity Planning ? The need for long planning horizons and the lack of specific, accurate data for many important factors make RCCP techniques more practical than detailed calculations ? A capacity plan should not be deferred。 roughcut approaches are very practical 33 Bill of Resource (Bill of Labor) ? 資源清單 (BOR。 BOL)乃針對製造料件或零件群時，所需之主要關鍵資源的產(chǎn)能需求條列。 ? 不是為了作為途程 (Routing)用途。 ? 只是一種估計特定料項所需產(chǎn)能的方法。 34 RCCP Procedure ? Converting units of product in the MPS to standard hours of work in individual centers ? To accumulate in each period in the MPS the total hours of work required to produce all products scheduled in that period – no LT offsetting – no lotsizing – no significant changes in inventories of items 35 Routing for Product X Product X SEQ Work Center Usage OP 1 1 hrs/pc OP 2 2 hrs/pc 1 2 4 3 8 7 6 5 PERIODS Planned Order Released Product X 100 50 80 100 40 60 90 36 Routing for Assy01 Assy01 1 2 4 3 8 7 6 5 PERIODS Planned Order Released Assy01 SEQ Work Center Usage OP 1 2 hrs/pc OP 2 3 hrs/pc 100 50 80 200 180 40 60 90 37 Resource Load Profile Work Center 2 0 50 100 150 200 250 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Period Load Others Assy01 Pro X Capacity 38 BOM for FG 階層 零件 數(shù)量 /母項 說明 0 1 2 210011012112212610FGs ub a s s e m b l yc o m po n e n t Ac o m po n e n t B39 Item Master Files for FG I te m O r de rQ u a n ti tyO n H a n d O n O r de r D u eD a teL e a d T i m e A l l oc a te d100110121122L 4L40024006000050015002500250400240060007/37/107/107/101 w e e k2 w e e ks3 w e e ks4 w e e ks000040 Routing Files for FG P a rts W o rkCe n terS e tu p T im e /L o t Ru n T im e /P iec e100 1 3 0 m