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2025-04-17 15:45 本頁面
【正文】 to avoid the social dislocation and theadded strain on cities that largescale permanent migration may create(Standing, 1985). Given the considerable differentials in quality oflife between urban and rural places and among different types of urban residence, analysis of the data for Zhejiang suggests strongly that the volume of permanent migration is undoubtedly less than it would have been if there were no intervention of government policies and regulations. Within the political and economic system in China, these temporary residents will not burden the cities39。 educational facilities, employment and subsidized or rationed food supplies because they do not change their household registration and hence are not entitled to government assistance in these areas, as official city residents are. In reality, however, many of them are living, working and studying in the urban destinations for prolonged periods. Therefore, a substantial proportion are de facto city residents. While temporary residents provide cities with services that are needed by both the urban economy and the urban residents, they also utilize nearly all aspects of the urban infrastructurehousing, transportation, power, sanitation and general supplies of daily food and consumer goods and amenities. Therefore, in considering the impact of migration on the overall social economic development in urban places, these de facto residents must be taken into account. Failure to do so could lead to serious problems in planning for urban services and the quality of urban life. The greater flexibility that China has allowed in its rural and urban economic systems creates pressures for more flexibility in its migration policies, (Chapman and Prothero 1983), teaches us that many people in these countries are, in fact, neither exclusively rural nor exclusively urban。 The interests of these individual movers as well as of the rural and urban munities of which they are a part and to which they make important contributions can best be served by policies that take account of the needs of the resident populations in both locations as well as those who move between them. To be successful, such policies require that we recognize and give attention to all forms of population movement, including temporary movement, in our theoretical formulations, in our research and in our efforts to develop effective policies. Temporary movement may well pr
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