【正文】 they name it wine. Based on the existing record of wine, we can confirm that at least 10， 000 years ago, our ancestor had already started drinking it. According to some archaeological data, the earliest viticulture area is in the Asia, the Caspian Sea and the Black sea region of south. “In these areas, viticulture has experienced three stages, that is the collection of wild grape fruit, the domestication of wild grape, and viticulture introduced to other regions by travelers and immigrants.”[1] Greek is the earliest country which began wine brewing in Europe, later on, the Romans learned the grape cultivation and wine brewing Chapter 1 Introduction 2 technology. With the aggression of Roma Empire, such technology spread rapidly through France, Spain, North Africa and Germany, then formation large scale. Until today, these areas are still important wine production region. Throughout the history, it is not difficult to find that the history of wine and the history of human culture are almost developing together. These ancient civilizations all have a lot of myths and legends about wine. It is not only a magic and romantic drink, but also provides the existence and development of human society with a health fountainhead. The Important Role of Wine in Western Countries As an objective substance in the world, it appears in the shape of water but has the character of fire. “Both emperors and civilians ardently love this wonderful liquid, and drink a lot in every meal, just as Er guo tou in China.” [2] They regard wine as a sort of mon drink, and would like to enjoy it in anytime and anywhere. The most fantastic thing of their drinking habit is like that: some appetizer wine before having meal, then some digesthelpful wine after meal。 while eating, even they will collocate different dishes with different wines. For example, take red wine while eating meat, take white wine while eating fish, take sparking wine while eating dessert. “This strict matching mode continued up to now, and has bee a kind of etiquette in entertaining guest, business or social banquet and family parties among western society.” [3] Wine is romantic, elegant and health. A glass of wine will bring us a lot of imaginations and dreams. The most important reason of western people loving the wine may because felling in love with the life style it brings them. Wine has always been together with music, art, and fashion. The fast rhythm of modern city life effaces the elegance and leisure of daily life, so drinking wine is a life mood of pursuing happiness. No reason is needed for us to fell in love with wine because it applies us a dwelling of soul and a space of mind, and its magic power can allow us to seek after happiness and romance in the busy routine. We can define it as a culture phenomenon, because wine and culture are actually twins. The culture has not only prosperity, but also depression. There’s depression, there needs release, so we choose wine to plete this aim. Being pared with drugs, wine is cheaper and safer, therefore, as long as civilization exists, the wine will not disappear. Chapter 2 Relationship between Wine and Western Culture 3 Chapter 2 Relationship between Wine and Western Culture The Relationship with Religion Western society has a series of view point about the origin of wine, the most acceptable one is that wine is created by Dionysus, the god of wine. More over, Christian sees wine as the blood of Jesus, because he entertains his disciples with wine and bread in the last supper and said, the bread is my flesh, wine is my blood. This scene has became classic, and been recalled in every mass ceremony. “But few people know that the Bible mentioned 521 times of wine, which means that wine and religious are firmly bined together right from the start.”[4] In Exodus (the second volume of the Bible), we can find the Hebrews feel regretful about leaving their vineyards in Egypt. But soon they find the greenness Sharon covered by grapevine in their new Promised Land, and then the vineyard spread rapidly in the whole Palestinian. Consider about the intimate relationship between Jew and the wine, it is easy to understand that wine is a requisite of their life in Jesus living period. In the early time of preaching Christianity, monks and monasteries play a decisive role in the preservation of civilization and grape cultivation. “The Vatican stipulates that missionaries must pass on the grape cultivation and wine brewing technology while preaching.”[5] The churches even have fulltime winemakers to provide qualified wine. Wine is also a sort of necessity in some Christian ceremonies, and the priests use it to serve followers and guests. With the spread of Christianity in Europe, the European build a lot of monasteries, as there is a monastery, there will have a vineyard. In this condition, people think that wine is not only a medium which may express their respect to god, but also the best vintages god grant. Just like holy water, although it is flavorless, but venerate for its sacred. Not to mention that the wine taste so mellow. Until now, the massive religious power still has great influence on the whole western society. The Relationship with Art Westerners and Chinese artist have extremely different performance after drunk. Almost all artists will praise wine because it will bring them revel and inspiration. The painter Giuseppe Arcimboldi, living in 16th century, draw the god of autumn in Bacchus’ appearance. Francisco de Chapter 2 Relationship between Wine and Western Culture 4 Coya, Charles Ford langsuowa and AugusteRenoir’s painting shows the scene of grape harvest，aim to demonstrate the generosity of nature. Miller draws about the stout of cask while Eng232。neBoudin representation the Bordeaux wine barrels in traffic sceneries. “In Europe, the