【正文】 d with each other and it is impossible to separate out use of language from our culture. As is known to all, language has been acting as a very important role in the process of human historical development. Just as the American poet Ralph Waldo Emerson’s simple sentence “l(fā)anguage is the archives of history”. His declaration makes us realize that one of the major characteristics identifying us as humans is our ability to use languageto make sounds and marks serve as substitutes for things and feelings. In the past, people usually regarded language as simply a neutral medium, which did not influence the way people experienced the world. It was merely a vehicle by which ideas were presented, rather than a shaper of very substance of those ideas. This view had been denied by later linguists. The new point is that language and culture are closely linked with each other. Language is the reflection of culture and culture is a reflection of language.Culture influences language by way of symbols and rules as well as our perceptions of the universe. Each time we select words, form sentences, and send a message, either oral or written, we also make cultural choices. If we select language without being aware of the cultural implications, we may be at best not municate well and at worst send the wrong message. At the same time, language is the most symbolic reflection of culture. Members of the culture have created the language to carry out all their cultural practices, to identify and organize all their cultural products, and to name the underlying cultural perspectives in all the various munities that prise their culture. The words of language, its expressions, structures, sounds and scripts reflect the culture, just as the cultural products and practices reflect the language. Language, therefore, is perceived as window to the culture. In a word, it is impossible to separate language and culture apart.Hence, in our process of intercultural munication not only the linguistic usage of certain language should be emphasized but also how to use the language in the right time as well as the right occasion. If we failed to do this, munication barriers must occur, and social pragmatic failures are the most typical ones among those munication barriers. Crosscultural Social Pragmatic FailuresThe term “pragmatic failure” was first used by British linguist Jenny Thomas in her paper “crosscultural pragmatic failure” (1983), published in applied linguistics. It is to define the inability to understand what is meant by what said. Thomas divided pragmatic failure into two types, pragmaticlinguistic failure and socialpragmatic failure. Pragmaticlinguistic failure refers to the inability in interpreting the linguistic meaning by mistaken beliefs about pragmatic force of utterance. And social pragmatic failure refers to the expressive inappropriateness resulted from the misunderstanding or the ignorance of social or cultural differences. It falls into two main aspects: failure in culture and failure in social norms.Pragmaticlinguistic failure can be regarded as the part of the grammar and easy to overe. Social pragmatic failure, however, involves the speakers’ knowledge of the language and system of belief which makes it more difficult to deal with. Pragmatic linguistic failures may only make others think that you are “speaking badly”, but social pragmatic failure may probably leave others the impression of “behaving badly” and cause great embarrassment and misunderstandings during intercultural munication. Therefore, we’d better try our best to avoid the social pragmatic failures and interact with people from different cultures as actively as possible. Only in this way can we achieve an effective munication result.3 Typical AnalysesBecause of the negative transfer of native culture to target culture, social pragmatic failures have bee one of main factors lead to the munication barriers. Here I list six aspects of reflecting social pragmatic failures and the pares are presented between china and western countries. Form of AddressEvery country has its own way to address people. In the process of crosscultural munication, we have to be cautious enough to choose the right form of address according to other people’s culture. Case (1) (A Chinese student greets his foreign teacher)Student: “Hello, Teacher Hedges.”Analyses: In china, it’s quite natural for students to call their teachers