【正文】 up of participants, who performed 50 percent better on creative problemsolving tasks after three days of wilderness backpacking. In fact, we may never know exactly what nature does to the brain. Something mysterious will always remain, and maybe that39。s as it should be.（1）What is Kang Byoungwook doing? lost in nature. up his strength. to control a forest fire. firefighters under stress.（2）What does Lisa Nisbet think of being outdoors? is overlooked by people. has nothing to do with happiness. Koreans show great interest in it. need more evidence for its benefits.（3）What benefit of nature did Stephen Kaplan find? affects people39。s feelings. lowers the risks of diseases. helps improve mental performance. does more good than physical exercise.（4）What would be the best title for the text? life in forests brain on nature future of forest healing benefits of a stressfree life【答案】 （1）A（2）A（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，由韓國(guó)患創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙的消防員接受森林治愈談起，介紹了大自然對(duì)我們身心健康的益處。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Kang Byoungwook has tea made from the bark of an elm tree, practices yoga (瑜伽), and makes a picture with dried flowers.”可知，Kang Byoungwook正在接受森林治愈：品茶、做瑜伽、做手工。他完全沉浸在大自然之中。故選A。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“ But how many of us get to enjoy nature regularly? Fewer and fewer 和 evidence for the benefits of nature is pouring in at a time when we are most disconnected from it”以及第四段中Lisa Nisbet所說的話可知，他認(rèn)為現(xiàn)代人忽視了大自然的重要性，戶外活動(dòng)少了。故選A。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“had better attention and shortterm memory ”可知，Stephen Kaplan的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)親近大自然可以提高注意力和短期記憶力，也就是說提高了大腦的工作效率。故選C。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文主要介紹了森林治愈和大自然對(duì)于人類健康尤其是大腦工作效率和減緩壓力方面的益處，故B項(xiàng)作標(biāo)題最符合文章的主旨。故選B。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇健康類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。3．犇犇閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 Why does time seem to fly by faster as we get old? You39。ve got your aging brain to blame. This is likely due largely to the physical changes of our nerves and neurons (神經(jīng)元). New research suggests 39。rapid fire39。 abilities of the young brain allow us to process more information during youth, causing the days to seem longer earlier in life. However, as we get old, researchers say the older brain takes more time to process information. The new finding put forward by a Duke University researcher was published in a paper in the journal European Review this week According to Adrian Bejan, the J. A Jones Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Duke, the physical changes of our nerves and neurons play, a major role in our perception (知覺) of time as we get old. Over the years these structures bee more plex and eventually begin to degrade. Little babies, for example, move their eyes much more often than adults because they39。re processing images at a faster rate, Beian says, For older people, this means fewer images are being processed in the same amount of time, causing experiences to seem as though they39。re happening more quickly.（1）What causes time to fly faster as we get old? A.Changes of our nerves and neurons.B.Information in our brain.C.The electrical signals.D.Rapid fire abilities.（2）What is unavoidable in the process of getting old? A.Longer days.B.Aging brains.C.More images.D.Less experience.（3）Why do the days seem longer earlier in life? A.Young people are more energetic in their life.B.The younger brain takes less time to process information.C.Old people have fewer things to do than young people.D.Little babies move their eyes much more often.（4）What is the best title of the text? A.Nerves and NeuronsB.Time Flies FastC.The Older, the FasterD.The Function of the Brain【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了為什么老年人會(huì)覺得時(shí)間過得較快，主要原因是隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，大腦中神經(jīng)元的變化讓老年人的大腦需要更多的時(shí)間來處理接收到的信息，這樣就會(huì)讓他們覺得時(shí)間過得較快。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的 This is likely due largely to the physical changes of our nerves and neurons (神經(jīng)元).可知，老年人覺得時(shí)間過得過快的原因是神經(jīng)和神經(jīng)元的變化。故選A。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的You39。ve got your aging brain to blame.和第二段中的Over the years, these structures bee more plex and eventually begin to degrade.可知，隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，不可避免的就是大腦結(jié)構(gòu)的老化。故選B。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的最后兩句可知，年輕時(shí)之所以覺得日子似乎更長(zhǎng)是因?yàn)榇竽X能夠以“快速射擊”的方式處理更多信息。當(dāng)我們變老的時(shí)候，大腦需要更多的時(shí)間來處理信息。所以說，相較于老年人，年輕人的大腦花費(fèi)更少的時(shí)間來處理信息。故選B。 （4）考查主旨大意。文章首句點(diǎn)明了文章談?wù)撝行模簽槭裁措S著我們變老，我們會(huì)覺得時(shí)間過得更快？后面文章主要解釋了原因：老年人因?yàn)榇竽X退化，神經(jīng)元的變化導(dǎo)致他們覺得時(shí)間過得較快。C項(xiàng)正好與主旨句呼應(yīng)，故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．犇犇Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read. Stocky, slowmoving whale, rarely grows beyond 15 metres in length Flippers are a third of body length。 variable dorsal fin size and shape。 sawtoothed trailing edge on flukes, often raised when diving Bumpy tubercles on top of head Body colour is dark brown to black。 often extensive white on flippers and underside of body and flukes。 such patterns enable individual recognition Bushy blow, occasionally Vshaped 270400 olive baleen plates Humpback whales belong to the rorqual (groovethroated) family, which includes fin, sei, Bryde39。s, minke and blue whales. The big family migrate between winter tropical breeding areas (North West Shelf, Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Fiii, Tonga) and summer Antarctic feeding areas. Once mon in New Zealand waters, humpbacks are now rarely seen and may migrate further offshore. Males pete for mates either by physical fight or by song. Females give birth to their young every two to three years。 some nonbreeding females probably remain in the southern waters during winter. Young humpback whales return to their area of birth but in later life some wander between breeding areas. Humpbacks eat small shrimps and other schooling prey, such as fish, forming small, cooperative groups of two to three individuals to feed. Similar species: Easily identifiable due to a 39。hump39。 back when submerging, but at a di