【正文】
很多學(xué)生作文時(shí)只是匆匆看上幾眼就寫(xiě),想到哪里就寫(xiě)到哪里,隨心所欲。結(jié)果是條理不清,雜亂無(wú)章,尤其是寫(xiě)錯(cuò)了單詞或句子時(shí),只能勾勾劃劃,卷面不整,直接影響了得分。應(yīng)對(duì)策略:按照正確的步驟構(gòu)思,一般步驟如下:1.認(rèn)真審題。審題包括要點(diǎn)、格式、詞數(shù)及表達(dá)的中心、注意事項(xiàng)等信息,都要一一斟酌,否則會(huì)導(dǎo)致偏題離題。2.確定文體和時(shí)態(tài)。是書(shū)信、日記,還是看圖寫(xiě)作,都要事先明確,因?yàn)槲捏w不同,要求和格式、寫(xiě)法都會(huì)不同;同時(shí)確定作文的時(shí)態(tài)。3.打草稿,修改,然后抄寫(xiě)。這樣既可以保證把錯(cuò)誤減到最少,又能保證卷面的整潔。誤區(qū)二:表達(dá)不暢,語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。主要包括單詞拼寫(xiě)、時(shí)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞搭配、主謂一致、介詞使用等方面的錯(cuò)誤,如下面這篇習(xí)作:①Today was brother and I went to Central park.②There was many people there.③Some were playing volleyball, others were swimming and chatting.④When we are going to play football , we saw a little girl was crying under a tree.⑤We walked there and ask her why do she said she was lost.⑥We tried to find her address.⑦We sent her home.⑧We both are very :句①中時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤,was ②中系動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤,根據(jù) many people 此句中的was 應(yīng)該是were。句④中從句時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤,are 應(yīng)該是were,主句中句型結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤,根據(jù)see was 應(yīng)該刪掉。句⑤中賓語(yǔ)從句中語(yǔ)序、時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。Why do she cry 應(yīng)該是why she cried。句⑥⑦中用and then 連接應(yīng)該效果會(huì)更好。句⑧中時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤,are 應(yīng)該是were。應(yīng)對(duì)策略:1.過(guò)好平時(shí)的“單詞關(guān)”。尤其是一些易混的單詞和短語(yǔ),要找到它們之間的共同之處和不同之處,以幫助記憶。2.語(yǔ)法要根據(jù)寫(xiě)作的具體要求具體分析運(yùn)用,千萬(wàn)不要死板對(duì)待。很多情況下,時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)的確定是因文而民的。其實(shí),最根本的還是要加強(qiáng)對(duì)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的掌握,只要平時(shí)掌握扎實(shí),寫(xiě)起作文來(lái)才能運(yùn)用自如。誤區(qū)三:中心不明,切題不準(zhǔn)。英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作與中文寫(xiě)作一樣,也要求文章主旨明確,即要有一定的中心事件,并體現(xiàn)一定的中心。但很多學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)作文卻結(jié)構(gòu)松散,言之無(wú)物,表現(xiàn)為典型的“流水帳”。其主要原因在于學(xué)生動(dòng)手寫(xiě)作前缺乏必要的審題環(huán)節(jié),對(duì)于所要寫(xiě)作的內(nèi)容、文章所要體現(xiàn)的主旨等認(rèn)識(shí)不足。所以,盡管有些考生語(yǔ)言功底不錯(cuò),語(yǔ)言表達(dá)流暢,但卻因“切題”不夠準(zhǔn)確,捕捉信息不夠全面而導(dǎo)致不能拿到高分。應(yīng)對(duì)策略:準(zhǔn)確審題,明確中心。不以“寫(xiě)足字?jǐn)?shù)”為目的,而要寫(xiě)出中心事件,突出個(gè)人情感和態(tài)度。如2008年達(dá)州市中考英語(yǔ)要求以“A Letter to the Children in Wenchuan ”為題作文,就要首先明確對(duì)文體的要求“l(fā)etter”,即要以書(shū)信的格式來(lái)寫(xiě);其次對(duì)內(nèi)容的要求,以 “關(guān)心、同情、支持、鼓勵(lì)”為中心寫(xiě)作。誤區(qū)四:忽略文化差異,張冠李戴。很多學(xué)生由于忽視中西方文化差異,生硬的按照漢語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣表達(dá),出現(xiàn)明顯的中式傾向,降低了作文的質(zhì)量。這是中考作文中最常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤。請(qǐng)看下面的例子:①Hang Zhou is a beautiful city.②I and my father like playing basketball.③He studied not very h