【正文】 ow of a jet— these are the intimate realities of his things enter into and color his number is expandingwith explosive force, both absolutely and relative to the natural will be even more true in superindustrial society than it is 。但是這個技術(shù)制造的環(huán)境逐漸影響著人類。塑料或混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)，街燈下霓虹閃爍的汽車，從飛機(jī)窗口俯瞰到的緩慢移動的城市—這些人類的親密伙伴。人造物品進(jìn)入并影響了人類意識，其數(shù)量急劇增長，無論是就絕對而言還是相對而言。這種現(xiàn)象在將來的后工業(yè)化社會會更加突出。Antimaterialists tend to deride the importance of “things.” Yet things are highly significant, not merely because of their functional utility, but also because of their psychological develop relationships with affect our sense of foreshortening of our relationships with things accelerates the pace of ，但是物品是非常重要的，不僅因為它有實用功能，還因為其對精神的影響，我們發(fā)展和物品的關(guān)系，物品影響我們對關(guān)聯(lián)和斷聯(lián)的意識。他們在情景結(jié)構(gòu)中的作用，我們和物品關(guān)系的縮短加快了生活的節(jié)奏。Moreover, our attitudes toward things reflect basic value could be more dramatic than the difference between the new breed of little girls who cheerfully turn in their Barbies for the new improved model and those who, like their mothers and grandmothers before them, clutch lingeringly and lovingly to the same doll until it disintegrates from sheer this difference lies the contrast between past and future, between societies based on permanence, and the new, fastforming society based on ，我們對物品的態(tài)度反映了基本的價值評判。有的小女孩興高采烈的把她們的芭比娃娃換成新款高級的娃娃，有的小女孩象她們的母親和祖母年少時一樣，終日抱著同一個娃娃，形影不離，愛不釋手，直到長大后娃娃從生活中消失，沒有什么比這更具有戲劇性的對比了。這種不同在于過去和未來的對比，對于永久的社會和新的變幻無常的社會的對比。That manthing relationships are growing more and more temporary may be illustrated by examining the culture surrounding the little girl who trades in her child soon learns that Barbie dolls are by no means the only physical objects that pass into and out of her young life at a rapid , bibs, paper napkins, Kleenex, towels, nonreturnable soda bottles—all are used up quickly in her home and ruthlessly muffins e in baking tins that are thrown away after one is encased in plastic sacks that can be dropped into a pan of boiling water for heating, and then thrown dinners are cooked and often served on throwaway home is a large processing machine through which objects flow, entering and leaving, at a faster and faster rate of birth on, she is inextricably embedded in a throwaway ，這些孩子很快會知道有很多物品以極快的速度進(jìn)入并離開他們的生活，不只是芭比娃娃。紙尿褲，圍裙，紙巾，手絹，非循環(huán)使用的蘇打汽水瓶—所有這些在她家被迅速使用，有的被無情的丟棄。玉米松餅放進(jìn)一次性的烤罐，菠菜放進(jìn)塑料袋中，這種塑料袋可以一起放進(jìn)沸水鍋中加熱然后丟棄。電視上的烹飪節(jié)目也經(jīng)常使用一次性的碟子。她的家就是一個大型處理機(jī)器，通過這個機(jī)器，物品以越來越快的速度不斷流動，進(jìn)入又離開，從出生開始，她就被包圍在一次性的文化中。The idea of using a product once or for a brief period and then replacing it, runs counter to the grain of societies or individuals steeped in a heritage of long ago Uriel Rone, a market researcher for the French advertising agency Publicis, told me: “The French housewife is not used to disposable likes to keep things, even old things, rather than throwaway did a marketing study for them and found the resistance too strong.” This resistance, however, is dying all over the developed ，不久前，法國廣告代理公司P的一位市場調(diào)查員U R 告訴我“法國的家庭主婦并不習(xí)慣于使用一次性的產(chǎn)品，:她們喜歡把東西留著，即使是舊物品也不會丟。我們代表公司宣傳一種一次性的塑料窗簾。我們隊她們作市場調(diào)查，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)她們的抵制情緒很強(qiáng)。”這種抵制在其他發(fā)達(dá)國家越來越少了。Thus a writer, Edward Maze, has pointed out that many Americans visiting Sweden in the early 1950’s were astounded by its cleanliness.“We were almost awed by the fact that there were no beer and soft drink bottles by the road sides, as, much to our shame, there were in by the 1960’s lo and behold, bottles were suddenly blooming along Swedish highways? What happened? Sweden had bee a buy, use and throwaway society, following the American pattern.” In Japan today throwaway tissues are so universal that cloth handkerchiefs are regarded as old fashioned, not to say England for sixpence one may buy a “Dentamatic throwaway toothbrush” which es already coated with toothpaste for its onetime even in France, disposable cigarette lighters are cardboard milk containers to the rockets that power space vehicles, products created for shortterm or onetime use are being more numerous and crucial to our way of ，作家E M 指出在十二世紀(jì)五十年代初期，很多區(qū)瑞典觀光的美國人都被瑞典的干凈所震驚“讓我們敬佩的是路邊沒有一個啤酒瓶和軟飲料瓶，而自慚形穢的是，美國到處都是。但是到二十世紀(jì)六十年代，看看吧，各種瓶瓶罐罐凸現(xiàn)在瑞典的高速公路上??怎么了？跟美國一樣，瑞典已經(jīng)變成一個購買，使用一次性物品的國家了。在當(dāng)今的日本，一次性的紙巾非常普遍，手絹已經(jīng)老土了，而且也不衛(wèi)生。在英國，花七便士就可以買到已經(jīng)擠好牙膏，一次性使用的牙刷。即使在法國，一次性的打火機(jī)也很普遍，從牛奶紙盒到為太空提供動力的火箭，它們對我們的生活起著越來越重要的作用。The recent introduction of paper and quasipaper clothing carried the trend toward disposability a step boutiques and workingclass clothing stores have sprouted whole departments devoted to gaily colored and imaginatively designed paper magazines display breathtakingly sumptuous gowns, coats, pajamas, even wedding dresses made of bride pictured in one of these wears a long white train of lacelike paper that, the caption writer notes, will make “great kitchen curtains” after the 。時尚飾品店和工薪階層服裝店已經(jīng)陸續(xù)出現(xiàn)一個全新的部門，這個部門專門負(fù)責(zé)那些色彩艷麗設(shè)計特別的紙衣服。時尚雜志展示了價格驚人的紙長袍，紙外套，紙睡袍，甚至紙婚紗和禮服。圖中的新娘穿著仿蕾絲紙做成的白色長袍裙，標(biāo)題寫道：這條裙子在婚禮結(jié)束后可以做成“不錯的廚房窗簾”。Paper clothes are particularly suitably for children, Writes one fashion expert: “Little girls will soon be able to spill ice cream, draw pictures and make cutouts on their clothes while their mothers smile benignly at their creativity.” And for adults who want to express their own creativity, there is even a “paintyourselfdress” plete with : $。一位時尚專家寫道：“小孩子會亂濺冰激凌，而且他可以在紙衣服上畫畫，或者貼剪紙畫，而母親在一旁微笑的贊許其創(chuàng)造力?！睂τ谙胝故緞?chuàng)造力的成年人，可以買