【正文】 因狀語， 不可以省略。 (4) 語序：陳述句語序，即 “主語 +謂語 ” (5) 時態(tài)： ? 當(dāng)主句為現(xiàn)在或?qū)頃r態(tài)時，賓語從句可以使用任何時態(tài)； ? 當(dāng)主句為過去時態(tài)時，賓語從句可以使用過去的某種時態(tài) (一般過去時，過去進(jìn)行時等 )； ? 當(dāng)主句為過去時態(tài)時，賓語從句表示一 種客觀真理、事實時，用一般現(xiàn)在時。 Eg： I know (that) you met him yesterday. He asked if I would e. I don’t understand what you say. He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon. The teacher said that light travels faster than sound. M8 Accidents 1. on the phone 通過電話通話 (on 表示 “通過 ”) 2. look pale 看起來很蒼白 此處 look 作為半系動詞，后跟 adj. 常見的半系動詞有 taste\smell\sound\feel. Eg： The music sounds good. The food tastes delicious. The sofa feels fortable. 3. listen 聽 (強(qiáng)調(diào)聽的過程，后接賓語時需加 to,即 listen to……) hear 聽到 (強(qiáng)調(diào)聽到的結(jié)果，后接 do 或 doing) Eg： We should listen to the teachers carefully. I hear someone singing in the next room. (我聽到有人正在隔壁房間唱歌 ) I hear someone sing in the next room. (我聽到有人在隔壁房間唱歌 ) (v.) 出現(xiàn) → appearance(n.) disappear(v.) 消失 Eg： He suddenly disappeared in front of us. 5. hit 撞擊；打 Eg： The bus hits the bridge. He hits me on the head. 此外， hit 還可以作名詞，表示 “轟動一時的成功 ” Eg： His song made a hit. 6. be glad to do sth 很高興去做 sth Eg： I am glad to see you again. 7. in time 及時 on time 準(zhǔn)時，按時 Eg： I hope you can e back in time. Please hand in your homework on time. 8. fall off=fall down from 從 … 摔下來你 fall asleep 入睡 fall into 掉入 fall in love with sb 愛上某人 fall behind 落在 … 后面 9. the risk of …… 的風(fēng)險 side by side 肩并肩 pay attention to 注意 …… (to 是一個介詞，后接名詞或 doing Eg： We should pay more attention to developing economy. 10. sometimes 有時 some times 幾次；幾倍 sometime (將來或過去 )某個時候 some time 一段時間 Eg： He sometimes sends me an . Remember it some times, or you will fet it. Let’s have a party sometime next week. I will stay with you for some time. 11. try to do sth 試圖去做某事 try one’s best to do sth 盡某人全力去做某事 have a try 試一試 Eg ： The little boy tries to go across the road by himself. We should try our best to save the animals in danger. Do you have a try? 12. pick up 撿起，拾起 (代詞只能放中間，名詞放在中間或后面均可 ) pick sb up (開車 )接某人 pick sth up 學(xué)會某事 Eg： After school, his father drives his car to pick him up everyday. Mike picked up a few words of Chinese last summer. 13. call sb call up=ring up 打電話給 sb call on 拜訪 sb Eg： Call me up tomorrow. I called on my grandparents yesterday. 14. take photos 照相 15. hide—hid—hidden 隱藏 hide up 包庇 (壞人 ) hide sth from sb 瞞著某人某事 hide out 躲藏 Eg： Why did the policeman catch the man just now? He hid up the murderer. She hid her brother’s death from her parents. 16. throw—threw—thrown 扔；拋 throw away 拋棄 throw about 到處亂扔 throw at 向 …… 扔去 Eg： Don’t throw about the waste paper. The naughty boy throws at the dog a stone. 17. As he was lying there in great pain,Henry suddenly remember the photo. 10 / 58 lie 此處為不及物動詞，意為 “躺 ”。其過去式、過去分詞分別為 lay， lain；現(xiàn)在分詞為 lying。 He was lying on the bed. lie 的其他用法： ① 不及物動詞，意為 “說謊 ”。過去式、過去分詞均為 lied；現(xiàn)在分詞為 lying。 lie to sb 向 sb 撒謊 Eg： Don’t lie to me. ② 不及物動詞，意為 “位于 ”。此時其過去式、過去分詞分別為 lay， lain；現(xiàn)在分詞為 lying。 Shandong lies in the east of China. 山東位于中國東部。 18. hurry up hurry to do sth in a hurry 19. as 當(dāng) …… 時 =when\while as……as 與 …… 一樣 not as\so……as 與 …… 不一樣 as……as possible 盡可能 =as……as sb can \could as soon as 一 …… 就 Eg： He is as tall as me. We should study as hard as possible. I will call you as soon as I get home. 20. send sth to sb=send sb sth show sth to stb=show sb sth 21. use A to do B 用 A 去做 B → A be used to do B A 被用來做 B get\be used to doing 習(xí)慣于做 sth used to do sth 過去常常做 sth Eg： We can use the bamboo to make a basket. He is\gets used to getting up early. He used to get up early. 22. on one’s way to 在 sb 去 …… 路上 get in the way 妨礙 in this way 用這種方法 by the way 順便問下 in a way 在某種程度 take off (飛機(jī) )起飛；脫下 (衣服 ) make a decision to do sth=decide to do sth 決定做某事 語法全解： when 和 while 都表示主從句的動作或狀態(tài)同時發(fā)生，但二者意義不盡相同。 1. when 引導(dǎo)的從句可表示時間點，也可表示時間段，從句的位于動詞既可以是延續(xù)性動詞，也可以是非延續(xù)性動詞； while 引導(dǎo)的從句通常表示時間段，從句中宜用延續(xù)性動詞作謂語。 They arrived while we were watching TV. 2. 含有 when 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語的主從復(fù)合句，如果主句用過去進(jìn)行時，從句應(yīng)該用一般過去式，表示一個動作正在進(jìn)行的時候另一個動作發(fā)生，強(qiáng)調(diào)后一動作發(fā)生的突然性。 We were watching TV when suddenly the lights went off. 3. 當(dāng)主從句的動作都是延續(xù)的或同時發(fā)生，主從句都用過去進(jìn)行時的時候，從句多用 while 引導(dǎo)。 They were reading while we were writing . 4. 如果表示從句的動作在主句的動作 “之前 ”或 “之后 ”發(fā)生時，多用 when，不用 while。 此外， when 還含有 “at the moment “的意思，此時引導(dǎo)的句子不能放在句首，也不能用 while 來替換 主謂一致判斷法 主謂一致是指在一個英語句子中，主語和謂語在人稱和數(shù)上要保持一致，這種一 致性體現(xiàn)在聯(lián)系動詞 be 和助動詞 do, have 的人稱和數(shù)上，以及實義動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)上 1. 不可數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式 2. 動名詞或動詞不定式作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式 3. Either…or… : neither…nor…: not only…but also…: 連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時，謂語動詞與鄰近的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。 4. 在 here : there 開頭的倒裝句中，謂語動詞與后面的珠玉在數(shù)上保持一致。 M9 Population 1. The population of China is about . Thepopulation of sp is……. 表示 sp 有多少人。 此外用 sp has a population of…… 也可以表示 sp 有多少人。 形容人口（ population）的多少用 big/ large 或 small 當(dāng) population 作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù) ●詢問某地有多少人口有兩種表達(dá)方法： 1． What’s the population of … 2. How large is the population of … 注意：詢問某地有多少人口時不用 how many 和 how much hundred\thousand\million\billion 等前有數(shù)字，用單數(shù)形式 three hundred hundred\thousand\million\billion 等后有 of，用復(fù)數(shù)形式 thousands of 2. noise (n.) 噪音 noisy(adj.) 吵鬧的 make noise 發(fā)出噪音 voice 指嗓音 (人說話或唱歌 ) sound 指一切聲音 3. prepare 準(zhǔn)備 prepare for 為 …… 做準(zhǔn)備 prepare to do sth 準(zhǔn)備去做某事 . Eg： They are preparing for the New Year. We prepare to go fishing next weekend. 11 / 58 4. report 報告；報道 make a report 做報告 reporter 記者，通訊員 notes 名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式 “筆記 隨筆 ” make notes 記筆記 5. such as \for e