【正文】 , Business and Technology. ? Strategy ? Business drivers ? Information ? Communications ? Applications ? Systems ? Infrastructure 7/5/2020 Page 45 MTR Corporation Enterprise Architecting It ensures Technology and Business are aligned and should not be focused on technology. Needs to be done by people with a broad business and technology vision, able to create enterprise value by translating business opportunities and technology possibilities at a holistic way into a continuously change cycle guided by an EA framework. 7/5/2020 Page 46 MTR Corporation EA Approach We must ask: ? Is the current architecture supporting and adding value to the anization? ? How might an architecture be modified so that it adds more value to the anization? ? Based on what we know about what the anization wants to acplish in the future, will the current architecture support or hinder that? A valuebased approach to implementing an enterprise architecture is remended in order to realize quick wins. Avoid spending too much time documenting the plan, without providing real value to decision makers. Implementing Enterprise Architecture generally starts with documenting the anization39。s strategy and goals. One part of this work is the pany39。s Operating Model, which describes how the pany wants to operate. What are the requirements for Business Process Standardization and Integration. 7/5/2020 Page 47 MTR Corporation Architecture process ? The architecture process addresses documenting and understanding the discrete enterprise structural ponents, typically within the following four categories: ? Business: – Strategy maps, goals, corporate policies, Operating Model – Functional depositions, capabilities and anizational models – Business Processes – Organization cycles, periods and timing – Suppliers of hardware, software, and services ? Applications: – Application software inventories and diagrams – Interfaces between Interfaces between applications that is: events, messages and data flows – Intra, Extra, Inter, eCommerce, EDI links with parties within and outside of the anization ? Information: – Metadata – Data models : conceptual, logical, and physical ? Technology: – Hardware, platforms, and hosting: servers. and where they are kept – Local and wide area works, Inter, connectivity diagrams – Operating System – Infrastructure software: Application servers, DBMS, etc.. ? Wherever possible, all of the above should be related explicitly to the anization39。s strategy, goals, and operations for planning and decisionmaking needs. 7/5/2020 Page 48 MTR Corporation 7/5/2020 Page 49 MTR Corporation EA Frameworks ? Federal Enterprise Architecture Framework ? Extended Enterprise Architecture Framework Institute For Enterprise Architecture Developments (E2AF) ? The Open Group Architecture Framework Sachman Framework – Zachman Institute of (ZEFA) 7/5/2020 Page 50 MTR Corporation Agenda 1. Green IT 2. Strategic/Integrated Talent Development 3. Sourcing Strategy and Global Sourcing 4. Merger and Acquisition 5. Vendor Consolidation 6. Enterprise Architecting 7. Business Intelligence 8. Business Process Management 9. Software as a Service (SaaS) 10. Unified Communications 11. Embedded Open Source 12. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)/Sustainability 7/5/2020 Page 51 MTR Corporation Business Intelligence Technologies, applications and practices for the collection, integration, analysis, and presentation of business information. The purpose of BI is to support better decision making. BI System provide historical, current and predictive views of business operations 7/5/2020 Page 52 MTR Corporation The five key stages of Business Intelligence ? Data Sourcing Extracting electronic information from text documents, databases, images, media files and web pages. ? Data Analysis Synthesising useful knowledge from collected data using data mining, text understanding and image analysis techniques ? Situation Awareness Linking the useful facts and inferences and filtering out irrelevant information ? Risk Assessment Identifying reasonable decisions or courses of action based on the expectation of risk and reward ? Decision Support Employing semiinteractive software to identify good decisions and strategies. 7/5/2020 Page 53 MTR Corporation Business Intelligence Trends ? Integration with ERP systems ? Emerging Enterprise Information Management (EIM) Systems ? Vendors consolidation (ECM, Hyperion, Knightsbridge) ? Open source products – Pentaho BI Tool – Business Vantage ? Convergence with Business Performance Management 7/5/2020 Page 54 MTR Corporation Business Intelligence Business Management Expectation ? BI tools help them to make intelligent decisions ? IT group can master BI tools and solutions easily Value BI is the ability for business to convert data into timely and accurate information that generate petitive advantage and stockholders value 7/5/2020 Page 55 MTR Corporation Business Intelligence BI Tools ? Dashboards ? Key Performance Indicators (KPI) ? Online analytical Processing (OLAP) ? Data Mining ? Data Mart 7/5/2020 Page 56 MTR Corporation Agenda 1. Green IT 2. Strategic/Integrated Talent Development 3. Sourcing Strategy and Global Sourcing 4. Merger and Acquisition 5. Vendor Consolidation 6. Enterprise Architecting 7. Business Intelligence 8. Business Process Management 9. Software as a Service (SaaS) 10. Unified Communications 11. Embedded Open Source 12. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)/Sustainability 7/5/2020 Page 57 MTR Corporation Business Process Management ? In changing market condition and petitive market situation, enterprises need to