電大教育心理學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)資料考試小抄【最新整理好的(已改無(wú)錯(cuò)字)
2023-07-16 12:25:55 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 五、案例分析題（ 10 分） 請(qǐng)結(jié)合自己實(shí)際工作或生活中遇到的案例，或形成性考核冊(cè)提供的案例，編制案例題并進(jìn)行分析闡述。 案例 1： 李小輝怎么了 ? 李小輝不愛(ài)學(xué)習(xí) ,他討厭學(xué)習(xí) ,甚至對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)恨之入骨。 他為何如此討厭上學(xué) ? 因?yàn)樗荚嚳偸遣患案瘛Ｎ锢聿患案裼兴?,數(shù)學(xué)考試他也不及格。而且 ,數(shù)學(xué)老師還甩著鮮艷的粗筆在他的試卷上批道：“卷面潦草 ,思維混亂 ,簡(jiǎn)直不是人寫(xiě)的 !” 因?yàn)樗霠?zhēng)第一 ,卻又認(rèn)為自己怎么也無(wú)法爭(zhēng)到第一。說(shuō)起從前 ,他也有過(guò)輝煌的學(xué)績(jī)：小學(xué)連續(xù)三年三好學(xué)生 ,在市“希望杯”競(jìng)賽中獲過(guò)二等獎(jiǎng) ,小學(xué)畢業(yè)被保送到初中。然而 ,升入初中后的第一次摸底測(cè)驗(yàn) ,他只排在第 21 名 ,從此 ,李小輝便喪 失了自信心 ,連他最擅長(zhǎng)的數(shù)學(xué)也愛(ài)聽(tīng)不聽(tīng) ,作業(yè)也馬馬虎虎?? 規(guī)范解答案例 1： 診斷：李小輝由于 上初中以來(lái)在學(xué)習(xí)上的多次失敗 ,陷入了習(xí)得性無(wú)助感的境地 , 而且越陷越深 ,不能自拔。 分析：習(xí)得性無(wú)助感是指由于連續(xù)的失敗體驗(yàn)而導(dǎo)致個(gè)體產(chǎn)生的對(duì)行為結(jié)果感到無(wú)法控制、無(wú)能為力的心理狀態(tài)。造 成李小輝這種狀況的原因 ,分為兩個(gè)方面：第一，他自身的因素。他將自己的失敗進(jìn)行了錯(cuò)誤的內(nèi)部歸因。內(nèi)部歸因是指人把失敗歸因于能力、性格等自身因素，認(rèn)為只是自己不能控制行為結(jié)果，因而出現(xiàn)個(gè)人的無(wú)力感。第二，外部原因。首先，學(xué)校、家庭在教育過(guò)程中過(guò)分重視考試、分?jǐn)?shù)、競(jìng)賽、名次等外部強(qiáng)化手段去激勵(lì)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí) ,而嚴(yán)重忽視對(duì)學(xué)生內(nèi)在動(dòng)機(jī)的培 養(yǎng)和調(diào)動(dòng)，因此，一次偶然的成績(jī)不好就使得李小輝感覺(jué)自己各個(gè)方面都很差，進(jìn)而對(duì)自己?jiǎn)适判摹Ｆ浯?，?shù)學(xué)老師在教育方式上的嚴(yán)重失誤 ,也使他徹底喪失了自尊和自信，更加重了該生的無(wú)助感。 對(duì)策：①采用各種措施培養(yǎng)他的內(nèi)在動(dòng)機(jī) ,例如，利用他的愛(ài)好看報(bào)紙、愛(ài)玩電腦、愛(ài)玩籃球、喜歡數(shù)學(xué)等特點(diǎn) ,巧妙實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)機(jī)遷移；②采用各種措施 ,消除他在學(xué)習(xí)上的無(wú)力感 ,增強(qiáng)他的學(xué)業(yè)自我效能感。 案例 2： 某中學(xué)的班主任王老師通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)，認(rèn)識(shí)到學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)是未來(lái)社會(huì)生存的第一需要，于是，他在自己的管轄班級(jí)進(jìn)行了一些教學(xué)改革與實(shí)踐，在班級(jí)大力倡導(dǎo)“學(xué) 生掌握學(xué)習(xí)方法要比其單純獲得一些知識(shí)更重要、更受用”的理念，開(kāi)設(shè)專題講座，從理論上反復(fù)全面地講述各種學(xué)習(xí)方法，并對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)方法講座的學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)行理論考試。一個(gè)學(xué)期結(jié)束了，這個(gè)班的同學(xué)對(duì)于各種學(xué)習(xí)方法，能夠倒背如流，但整個(gè)班級(jí)的各門(mén)課程的考試成績(jī)不僅沒(méi)有提高，而且部分學(xué)生的在一些事實(shí)性知識(shí)較多的課程比如歷史課的學(xué)習(xí)方面還出現(xiàn)了倒退現(xiàn)象。 請(qǐng)結(jié)合所學(xué)的教育心理學(xué)知識(shí)，對(duì)王老師的教學(xué)改革與實(shí)踐進(jìn)行分析。并談?wù)勛约簩?duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題的做法。 規(guī)范解答案例 2： 1．班主任王老師認(rèn)識(shí)到并倡導(dǎo)“學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)的重要性”，以及給學(xué)生講述學(xué)習(xí)方法 都是正確的，但是王老師在學(xué)習(xí)方法的教學(xué)上卻存在問(wèn)題。 2．學(xué)習(xí)方法屬于策略性知識(shí)或程序性知識(shí)的范疇，它不是光從“理論”上“教”或通過(guò)“考試”就能教會(huì)的。 3．對(duì)于學(xué)習(xí)方法這種策略性知識(shí)或程序性知識(shí)的教學(xué)，在實(shí)際教學(xué)中采用學(xué)科滲透式教學(xué)和學(xué)習(xí)策略的專門(mén)訓(xùn)練的方式效果更佳。 請(qǐng)您刪除一下內(nèi)容， O(∩ _∩ )O謝謝?。。 ?China39。s 10 mustsee animations】 The Chinese animation industry has seen considerable growth in the last several years. It went through a golden age in the late 1970s and 1980s when successively brilliant animation work was produced. Here are 10 mustsee classics from China39。s animation outpouring that are not to be missed. Let39。s recall these colorful images that brought the country great joy. Calabash Brothers Calabash Brothers (Chinese: 葫蘆娃 ) is a Chinese animation TV series produced by Shanghai Animation Film Studio. In the 1980s the series was one of the most popular animations in China. It was released at a point when the Chinese animation industry was in a relatively downed state pared to the rest of the international munity. Still, the series was translated into 7 different languages. The episodes were produced with a vast amount of papercut animations. Black Cat Detective Black Cat Detective (Chinese: 黑貓警長(zhǎng) ) is a Chinese animation television series produced by the Shanghai Animation Film Studio. It is sometimes known as Mr. Black. The series was originally aired from 1984 to 1987. In June 2021, a rebroadcasting of the original series was announced. Critics bemoan the series39。 violence, and lack of suitability for children39。s education. Proponents of the show claim that it is merely for entertainment. Effendi Effendi, meaning sir and teacher in Turkish, is the respectful name for people who own wisdom and knowledge. The hero39。s real name was Nasreddin. He was wise and witty and, more importantly, he had the courage to resist the exploitation of noblemen. He was also full of passion and tried his best to help poor people. Adventure of Shuke and Beita【舒克與貝塔】 Adventure of Shuke and Beita (Chinese: 舒克和貝塔 ) is a classic animation by Zheng Yuanjie, who is known as King of Fairy Tales in China. Shuke and Beita are two mice who don39。t want to steal food like other mice. Shuke became a pilot and Beita became a tank driver, and the pair met accidentally and became good friends. Then they befriended a boy named Pipilu. With the help of PiPilu, they cofounded an airline named Shuke Beita Airlines to help other animals. Although there are only 13 episodes in this series, the content is very pact and attractive. The animation shows the preciousness of friendship and how people should be brave when facing difficulties. Even adults recalling this animation today can still feel touched by some scenes. Secrets of the Heavenly Book Secrets of the Heavenly Book, (Chinese: 天書(shū)奇談 ) also referred to as Legend of the Sealed Book or Tales about the Heavenly Book, was released in 1983. The film was produced with rigorous dubbing and fluid bination of music and vivid animations. The story is based on the classic literature Ping Yao Zhuan, meaning The Suppression of the Demons by Feng Menglong
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