【正文】 0。D.The host will share the expense with you.（3）What is the disadvantage of camping? A.Sleeping in the open air.B.Taking some extra articles.C.Camping near big cities.D.Using public transportation.（4）What may the four alternatives have in mon? A.They help you save money.B.They help you make friends.C.They offer you good reviews.D.They offer you nice views.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，為手頭資金緊張的出門旅游者介紹了四種住宿方式：住宿兼次日早餐的旅館、青年旅舍、睡沙發(fā)旅行和露宿，并介紹了各自的優(yōu)點和不足之處。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)Hostels部分中的“Informal places usually with a lovely relaxed atmosphere”可知，這些非正式的場所給你一種輕松愉快的氛圍，會讓你有一次積極的體驗。故選A。(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)Couch Surfing部分中的“Most hosts will suggest sightseeing trips and take you out in the evening, making it a great way to see things that aren39。t in your guidebook.”可知，到旅游時尋找這樣的家庭，主人給你提供自家的沙發(fā)代替旅館，在夜晚，主人會帶你出去轉(zhuǎn)悠，你能看見在旅游指南上找不到的東西。故選C。(3)考查推理判斷。最后一節(jié)談到露宿，說它能讓你在星空下睡覺，不方便的地方是你出門時得帶著帳篷，要額外攜帶一些物品。故選B。(4)考查推理判斷。本文介紹了四種經(jīng)濟(jì)的出行方式：住宿兼次日早餐的旅館，青年旅舍，睡沙發(fā)旅行和露宿。從各部分的介紹看，這四種選擇都不像旅館那么貴，可以幫你省錢。故選A?！军c評】本題考點涉及推理判斷題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解 Recent summer temperatures in parts of Australia were high enough to melt asphalt. As global warming speeds up the heat and climatic events increase, many plants may be unable to cope. But at least one species of eucalyptus tree can resist extreme heat by continuing to “sweat” when other essential processes stop, a new study finds. As plants change sunlight into food, or photosynthesize (光合作用), they absorb carbon dioxide through pores on their leaves. These pores also release water via transpiration(蒸騰), which circulates nutrients through the plant and helps cool it by evaporation(蒸發(fā)). But exceptionally high temperatures are known to greatly reduce photosynthesis—and most existing plant models suggest this should also decrease transpiration, leaving trees in danger of fatally overheating. Because it is difficult for scientists to control and vary trees39。 conditions in their natural environment, little is known about how individual species handle this situation. Ecologist John Drake of the . College of Environmental Science and Forestry and his colleagues grew a dozen Parramatta red gum (Eucalyptus parramattensis) trees in large, climatecontrolled plastic pods that separated the trees from the surrounding forest for a year in Richmond, Australia. Six of the trees were grown at surrounding air temperatures and six at temperatures three degrees Celsius higher. The researchers withheld (扣留) water from the surface soil of all 12 trees for a month to imitate a mild dry spell, then induced a fourday “extreme” heat wave: They raised the maximum temperatures in half of the pods（three with surrounding temperatures and three of the warmer ones）— to 44 degrees ℃. Photosynthesis ground to a near halt in the trees facing the artificial heat wave. But to the researchers39。 surprise, these trees continued to transpire at closetonormal levels, effectively cooling themselves and their surroundings. The trees grown in warmer conditions coped just as well as the others, and photosynthesis rates bounced back to normal after the heat wave passed, Drake and his colleagues reported online in Global Change Biology. The researchers think the Parramatta red gums were able to effectively sweat — even without photosynthesis — because they are particularly good at tapping into water deep in the soil. But if a heat wave and a severe drought (干旱) were to hit at the same time and the groundwater was exhausted, the trees may not be so lucky, Drake says. Other scientists call the finding encouraging. “It39。s definitely good news,” says Trevor Keenan, an ecologist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, who was not part of the study. “It would be very interesting to know how this translates to other species,” he adds. Drake hopes to conduct similar experiments with trees mon in North America.（1）How does one species of eucalyptus tree cope with extreme heat waves? A.By releasing water.B.By blocking sunlight.C.By absorbing groundwater.D.By reducing photosynthesis.（2）What did the researchers do during their study? A.They grew all the trees in artificial temperatures.B.They induced a heat wave in a dozen pods of trees.C.They created climatecontrolled surroundings for trees.D.They varied trees39。 conditions in their natural environment.（3）The underlined phrase “ground to a near halt” in Paragraph 4 means “________”. A.continuedB.substitutedC.strengthenedD.ceased（4）What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A.Photosynthesis is necessary for the trees to sweat.B.No further experiments will be done other species.C.Other species will be transplanted to North America.D.Groundwater helps the trees survive the extreme heat.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，聯(lián)合國環(huán)境科學(xué)與林業(yè)學(xué)院的生態(tài)學(xué)家John Drake和他的同事們通過對紅桉樹做實驗，得出結(jié)論：在極度的高溫中，紅桉樹仍然可以通過釋放水分來抵抗熱浪，獲得生存。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“But at least one species of eucalyptus tree can resist extreme heat by continuing to 39。sweat’”可知，桉樹通過“流汗”，即釋放水分來抵抗極度的熱，故選A。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ecologist John Drake… and his colleagues grew a dozen Parramatta red gum … trees in large, climatecontrolled plastic pods that separated the trees from the surrounding forest for a year in Richmond, Australia.”可知，研究者們將12棵紅桉樹種植在巨大的，氣候受控制的塑料艙里，這種塑料倉將這些樹和周圍的森林分離開來?？芍?，研究者們?yōu)檫@些樹創(chuàng)造了一個氣候受控制的生長環(huán)境，故選C。(3)考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的“But exceptionally high tem