【正文】 它的用途。第三段為描述文：以“人”為中心描述一個(gè)“做”的過(guò)程。它要與第二段相呼應(yīng)進(jìn)行描述。下邊我們就談怎么樣寫。主題句是確保不跑題的前提，只有不跑題才有可能得及格分。例如上述作文的三段主題句分別為：☆ It is very necessary to be a good university student.(議論體主題句)☆ There are several respects of necessities to be a good university student.（說(shuō)明體的主題句）☆ What I will do in the future is the following.（描述題的主題句）如果要求句是英語(yǔ)就可以把它擴(kuò)充成主題句，例如這樣的一篇做文：Good Health（1）Importance of good health（2）Ways to keep fit（3）My own practice這樣的作文的要求句就可以擴(kuò)展成主題句。對(duì)于議論文來(lái)說(shuō)，正反面要清楚。就拿上例Good Health來(lái)說(shuō)，第一段保持正反面要清楚就應(yīng)這樣寫：主題句（It is very important to have good health.,正面（With good health, we can...）,反面(Without good health, we can do can39。作文是主觀性題，要想得高分我們必須把評(píng)卷老師考慮進(jìn)去。因?yàn)橛眠@樣的詞語(yǔ)不利于閱卷老師看出你作文的條理性。四、十二句作文法在作文的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中字?jǐn)?shù)也是一個(gè)要求。對(duì)于這樣的要求考生不必怕寫不夠。我們算一下，如果我們?cè)诿恳欢沃袑懮纤木湓?，即主題句加兩三句擴(kuò)展句和一個(gè)結(jié)論句就可以了。每一句十多個(gè)詞，這樣就是120150字。在寫作時(shí)，我們要橫向?qū)懽?，即寫某一?wèn)題的橫段面。第一句主題句，第二句從正面論述，第三句從反面論述，第四句為結(jié)論句。這樣的作文的基本模式是AB BC CD DE以此類推。我們寫作時(shí)要根據(jù)橫段面去寫，而不要寫成流水賬。而要對(duì)主題句從橫段面去寫，寫完一個(gè)橫段面就不要再對(duì)這一橫段面進(jìn)行闡述了，應(yīng)當(dāng)去寫別一個(gè)橫段面。例如我們感覺(jué)上邊第二段不夠長(zhǎng)，就可以這樣來(lái)加詞：主題句There are four ways to keep are four or more ways to keep fit for everyone of ： Firstly, we should have our breakfast in the , we should have our breakfast, such as milk, eggs, bread and so on, in the , we should have a nap at , we should have a short nap, even 30 minutes, at , sports exercises are necessary in the fourthly, we could have a pleasant feeling in the evening by listening to both popular and classic music.這樣一來(lái)，我們只要保持本句的主題不變加添一些次要詞就能達(dá)到字?jǐn)?shù)的規(guī)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第五篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)寫作技巧簡(jiǎn)介大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)寫作技巧簡(jiǎn)介之一——文章結(jié)構(gòu)英文寫作一直是學(xué)生們的弱項(xiàng)，四級(jí)考試將近，大家都很擔(dān)心寫作問(wèn)題，在此我先簡(jiǎn)單介紹一下文章的結(jié)構(gòu)問(wèn)題，以后再談其他方面。以歷年的真題為例，2006年12月的題目為Spring Festival Gala on CCTV，要求：1。但有些人提出取消春節(jié)晚會(huì)；3?！跋矚g看春節(jié)晚會(huì)”是正?，F(xiàn)象，應(yīng)該作為問(wèn)題的開(kāi)端進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)短介紹，“有些人提出取消春節(jié)晚會(huì)”才是重點(diǎn)，必須給出相應(yīng)的篇幅做詳細(xì)闡述。又如2006年6月的題目：An Announcement for a Voluntary Program, 要求：1。本次志愿活動(dòng)的目的、內(nèi)容及安排；3。這仍是三段式的結(jié)構(gòu)，第一段提出問(wèn)題——告之大家會(huì)舉辦一次暑假志愿活動(dòng)，第二段描述問(wèn)題——介紹志愿活動(dòng)的相關(guān)信息，第三段解決問(wèn)題——怎樣加入志愿活動(dòng)（報(bào)名信息）?？偟膩?lái)說(shuō)有三點(diǎn)要注意：1。文章字?jǐn)?shù)有限，必須采取開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山的方法，但開(kāi)篇點(diǎn)題并不是說(shuō)第一段第一句話就得提出問(wèn)題，在這之前可以有所修飾，有導(dǎo)入的成分，但不要太長(zhǎng)，一般第三句就得清楚、突出地把問(wèn)題點(diǎn)出來(lái)。中間段闡述必須清楚。一般由主題句和擴(kuò)展句組成，主題句是觀點(diǎn)的高度濃縮，應(yīng)該言簡(jiǎn)意賅；擴(kuò)展句是對(duì)主題句的詳細(xì)闡述，應(yīng)該做到理由充分，內(nèi)容一致。結(jié)尾段進(jìn)行總結(jié)，并提出解決問(wèn)題的方法。至于如何開(kāi)端、如何論述、如何結(jié)尾的問(wèn)題，大家敬請(qǐng)期待下一回吧！當(dāng)然我不會(huì)讓大家久等的:)寫作能力無(wú)法一口氣提高，大家必須在平時(shí)勤修苦練。中國(guó)人喜歡先講道理最后給出結(jié)論，而西方人習(xí)慣先下定義，再慢慢解釋。常見(jiàn)的開(kāi)頭的寫作方法大致有下面幾種： 1。s the secret of success.” Charles Chaplin ever my opinion, selfconfidence is the first element on the way to your the old saying goes:“Knowledge is power.” The main way for us students to gain knowledge is from the some students argue that we should read extensively...It is well known to us all that “...”，比較eg: Some people say..., while others claim that...Some people believe..., but others argue that...Old people often feel that..., but for the young, it is....eg： What constitutes enough information for the decisionmaker? It39。數(shù)據(jù)引證（一般用在看圖作文中）eg: As we can see in the charts(柱狀圖，圓形百分比圖)，the number of Chinese people who go abroad has increased greatly between 1992 and is clearly shown in the charts, there is an increasing number of people who own a car during the recent three figures in this graph（曲線圖）show us that...According to the graph, we can find that...It can be seen from the table（圖表，表格）that...eg: With the rapid development of..., the interview is being more and more important in of the development of..., great changes have occured in the educational system of mobilphone is very popular with college students.(很受學(xué)生歡迎)In recent years cheating in CET4 still prevails among the college students.（近幾年里四級(jí)考試舞弊現(xiàn)象在大學(xué)生中仍然很普遍。為了避免這個(gè)問(wèn)題我們一定要仔細(xì)省題，弄清楚考題要求是寫議論文、說(shuō)明文還是記敘文，然后確定文章主題和大致思路。其中寫好主題句是最關(guān)鍵的步驟。主題句（topic sentence）反映段落的中心思想，體現(xiàn)文章的整體結(jié)構(gòu)，讓讀者對(duì)作者的思路一目了然。主題句必須是個(gè)完整的句子，與文章主旨密切相關(guān)。主題句一般是general sentence，內(nèi)容明確、具體。主題句內(nèi)涵要廣，便于展開(kāi)細(xì)節(jié)論述。那么主題句應(yīng)該要緊扣計(jì)算器的使用利弊這個(gè)方面，eg: Calculators can obveousely benefit , overusing calculators will also do some harm to ，段落的主題便模糊不清，在進(jìn)一步闡述時(shí)會(huì)失去方向感。改成：To improve reading ability, one needs to acquire some reading ，范圍明確，便于細(xì)節(jié)描述。如：Today more and more women are going out to ，沒(méi)有進(jìn)行詳細(xì)闡述的必要，所以它本身只能是細(xì)節(jié)句，用來(lái)解釋主題句。這就是擴(kuò)展句的任務(wù)。清晰詳實(shí)；2。內(nèi)容一致。之四——段落的展開(kāi)主題句與擴(kuò)展句構(gòu)成段落，那么文章段落有什么樣的特點(diǎn)呢？1。在一個(gè)段落就只有一個(gè)主題句，就是說(shuō)一個(gè)段落就只能有一個(gè)中心思想，一個(gè)核心，段落中所有其他句子都要圍繞這個(gè)中心展開(kāi)或鋪述，一切與主題句沒(méi)有 直接關(guān)系的句子都要舍棄掉。s health, sometimes even in the 1998 fatal alcohol poisoning case in Shanxi Province, for example, a peasant produced “alcohol”, dreaming of being rich overnight。所以這一段落是符合一致性原則的。段落連貫性一個(gè)好段落在具體語(yǔ)言上和內(nèi)容上要有連貫性，段落中的句子要符合一定的條理和邏輯順序，句與句之間銜接要緊密，過(guò)度要自然、流暢，這樣才能反映出一個(gè)清晰的思路。按邏輯順序安排細(xì)節(jié)是使段落連貫的方法之一，常用的順序有四種：時(shí)間順序、空間順序、演繹法和歸納法。使段落連貫的方法之二是使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接手段，一般是指關(guān)聯(lián)詞的使用。之五——段落的連貫性在確定好一條條的擴(kuò)展句后，怎樣把這些句子流暢而連貫地組合在一起呢？這便是關(guān)聯(lián)詞發(fā)揮作用的時(shí)候了。適當(dāng)使用關(guān)聯(lián)詞是四級(jí)寫作必備的技能，大家應(yīng)該要引起特別重視。列舉類列舉法常用在議論文中，當(dāng)作者提出一個(gè)論點(diǎn)后，可通過(guò)列舉出一系列事實(shí)對(duì)其進(jìn)行說(shuō)明或論證。for one thing, for another。moreover。what39。in addition。first of all。(at)last。next。舉例類舉例法是用事例或數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)中心觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行說(shuō)明論證的方法，舉例類關(guān)聯(lián)詞有： for example。such as。take...for example。namely。that is。in particular 3。這類關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：but。yet。while。by contrast。similarly。like。rather than。on the other hand。nevertheless。unlike。in the same way。since。thanks to。owing to。hence。therefore。on account of。according to。in brief。to sum up之六——四級(jí)寫作萬(wàn)能句型1）第一段：（1）現(xiàn)狀說(shuō)明：“用于文章開(kāi)頭的語(yǔ)句” asked about.../ When it es to.../ Faced with...most/many people believe that..., but other people consider it differently/ regard it as... it es to..., people39。for another, it.... A has enormous/ much/ considerable/ a distinct advantage over B..., it can not pete with B in...39。s advantages are II．用于駁斥的語(yǔ)句 a lot of people believe that..., I doubt/ wonder whether the argument bears much analysis/ close examination opposed to widely held ideas, I believe/ think/ argue that... the popular belief/ idea is that...,(a)current study/ survey indicates that... may be right about..., but they seem to neglect/ fail to mention/ consider the fact that... it is widely accepted that..., it is unlikely to be true that... is true that..., but this is not to say/ it doe