【正文】 c for use in lowpower refrigerators, improved automotive transmissions, and energyefficient electric 1995 Maytag introduced an ”intelligent“ dishwasher based on a fuzzy controller and a ”onestop sensing module“ that bines a thermistor, for temperature measurement。a turbidity sensor that measures scattered and transmitted light to measure the soiling of the wash。since the membership values are always less than 1, this narrows the membership function.”Extremely“ cubes the values to give greater narrowing, while ”somewhat“ broadens the function by taking the square practice, the fuzzy rule sets usually have several antecedents that are bined using fuzzy operators, such as AND, OR, and NOT, though again the definitions tend to vary: AND, in one popular definition, simply uses the minimum weight of all the antecedents, while OR uses the maximum is also a NOT operator that subtracts a membership function from 1 to give the ”plementary“ are several ways to define the result of a rule, but one of the most mon and simplest is the ”maxmin“ inference method, in which the output membership function is given the truth value generated by the can be solved in parallel in hardware, or sequentially in results of all the rules that have fired are ”defuzzified“ to a crisp value by one of several are dozens in theory, each with various advantages and ”centroid“ method is very popular, in which the ”center of mass“ of the result provides the crisp approach is the ”height“ method, which takes the value of the biggest centroid method favors the rule with the output of黃石理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）外文文獻翻譯greatest area, while the height method obviously favors the rule with the greatest output diagram below demonstrates maxmin inferring and centroid defuzzification for a system with input variables ”x“, ”y“, and ”z“ and an output variable ”n“.Note that ”mu“ is standard fuzzylogic nomenclature for ”truth value“:Fuzzy control system design is based on empirical methods, basically a methodical approach to general process is as follows: the system39。jek39。jek39。t39。二、翻譯的外文文獻應(yīng)主要選自學(xué)術(shù)期刊、學(xué)術(shù)會議的文章、有關(guān)著作及其他相關(guān)材料，應(yīng)與畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計）主題相關(guān)，并作為外文參考文獻列入畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計）的參考文獻。三、中文譯文的基本撰寫格式為題目采用小三號黑體字居中打印，正文采用宋體小四號字，行間距一般為固定值20磅，標(biāo)準字符間距。四、封面格式由學(xué)校統(tǒng)一制作（注：封面上的“翻譯題目”指中文譯文的題目，附件1為一篇外文翻譯的封面格式，附件二為兩篇外文翻譯的封面格式），若有兩篇外文文獻，請按“封面、譯文一、外文原文一、譯文二、外文原文二”的順序統(tǒng)一裝訂。geographic data consist of a bination of vector and raster databases are growing in such as similaritybased retrieval and delivery of data at guaranteed rates are topics of current puting systems have bee mon, leading to interest in database systems that can run on such processing in such systems may involve lookups on server （論文）——外文翻譯（譯文）數(shù)據(jù)庫的新應(yīng)用我們使用關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫已經(jīng)有20多年了，關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫應(yīng)用中有很大一部分都用于商業(yè)領(lǐng)域支持諸如銀行和證券交易所的事務(wù)處理、各種業(yè)務(wù)的銷售和預(yù)約，以及幾乎所有公司都需要的財產(chǎn)目錄和工資單管理。決策支持系統(tǒng)由于越來越多的數(shù)據(jù)可聯(lián)機獲得，企業(yè)已開始利用這些可獲得的數(shù)據(jù)來對自己的行動做出更好的決策，比如進什么貨，以及如何最好的吸引顧客以提高銷售額。但是，人們最近感到需要使用多種數(shù)據(jù)源的數(shù)據(jù)，以便在數(shù)據(jù)分析和數(shù)據(jù)挖掘（或知識發(fā)現(xiàn)）的基礎(chǔ)上，更好的來做決策支持。事務(wù)處理系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)在正被廣泛使用，并且公司已經(jīng)積累了大量由這類系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生的信息。與人工智能中的知識發(fā)現(xiàn)類似，數(shù)據(jù)挖掘試圖自動從數(shù)據(jù)中發(fā)現(xiàn)統(tǒng)計規(guī)則和模式。從數(shù)據(jù)庫中發(fā)現(xiàn)的知識可以用一個規(guī)則集表示。有關(guān)自動發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)則的研究很大程度上是受人工智能領(lǐng)域在知識學(xué)習(xí)方面研究的影響。已經(jīng)有一些具體的數(shù)據(jù)挖掘算法用于高效地處理放在磁盤上的大量數(shù)據(jù)。我們用兩類應(yīng)用闡述規(guī)則發(fā)現(xiàn)：分類和關(guān)聯(lián)。有兩種空間數(shù)據(jù)庫特別重要：● 設(shè)計數(shù)據(jù)庫或計算機輔助設(shè)計（CAD）數(shù)據(jù)庫是用于存儲設(shè)計信息的空間數(shù)據(jù)庫，這些信息主要是關(guān)于物體（如建筑、汽車或是飛機）是如何構(gòu)造的。● 地理數(shù)據(jù)庫是用于存儲地理信息（如地圖）的空間數(shù)據(jù)庫。地理數(shù)據(jù)本質(zhì)上是空間的，但與設(shè)計數(shù)據(jù)相比在幾個方面有所不同。地圖不僅可提供位置信息，如邊界、河流和道路，而且還可以提供許多和位置相關(guān)的詳細信息，如海拔、土壤類型、土地使用和年降雨量。地圖數(shù)據(jù)常以矢量形式表示?，F(xiàn)在多媒體數(shù)據(jù)通常存儲在數(shù)據(jù)庫以外的文件系統(tǒng)中。但是當(dāng)存儲的多媒體對象數(shù)目較多時，數(shù)據(jù)庫的功能就變得重要起來。多媒體對象常常有描述屬性，如指明它們是何時創(chuàng)建的、誰創(chuàng)建的，以及它們屬于哪一類。但是，將多媒體數(shù)據(jù)存儲在數(shù)據(jù)庫之外，使得難于提供數(shù)據(jù)庫的功能，譬如基于實際多媒體數(shù)據(jù)內(nèi)容的索引。因此我們更希望將數(shù)據(jù)本身存儲在數(shù)據(jù)庫中。在分布式數(shù)據(jù)庫應(yīng)用中，通常有強大的中央數(shù)據(jù)庫和網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理?！?基于無限局域網(wǎng)、蜂窩數(shù)字包網(wǎng)絡(luò)，以及其他技術(shù)成本相對低廉的無線數(shù)字通信基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的發(fā)展。某些情況下，用戶的位置是一個查詢參數(shù)。有關(guān)當(dāng)前道路前放服務(wù)的查詢必須根據(jù)用戶的位置、移動的方向及速度進行處理。能源效率需求最有趣的結(jié)果之一的使用計劃的數(shù)據(jù)廣播來減少傳輸查詢中移動系統(tǒng)的需求?？偨Y(jié)隨著企業(yè)認識到聯(lián)機事務(wù)處理系統(tǒng)收集的聯(lián)機數(shù)據(jù)的價值，決策支持系統(tǒng)也越發(fā)變得重要了。數(shù)據(jù)挖掘致力于從大數(shù)據(jù)庫中自動發(fā)現(xiàn)統(tǒng)計規(guī)律和模式等知識。目前，空間數(shù)據(jù)庫正越來越多的被應(yīng)用于存儲計算機輔助設(shè)計數(shù)據(jù)和地理數(shù)據(jù)。多媒體數(shù)據(jù)庫正變得越來越重要。移動計算系統(tǒng)的普及使人們對這類系統(tǒng)上運行的數(shù)據(jù)庫產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣。第五篇：畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯外文原文Overview of JSp TechnologyBenefits of JSpJSp pages are translated into , fundamentally, any task JSp pages can perform could also be acplished by , this underlying equivalence does not mean that servlets and JSp pages are equally appropriate in all issue is not the power of the technology, it is the convenience, productivity, and maintainability of one or the all, anything you can do on a particular puter platform in the Java programming language you could also do in assembly it still matters which you provides the following benefits over servlets alone:?It is easier to write and maintain the static code is ordinary HTML: no extra backslashes, no double quotes, and no lurking Java syntax.?You can use standard Website development HTML tools that know nothing about JSp can be used because they simply ignore the JSp tags.?You can divide up your development Java programmers can work on the dynamic Web developers can concentrate on the presentation large projects, this division is very on the size of your team and the plexity of your project, you can enforce a weaker or stronger separation between the static HTML and the dynamic , this discussion is not to say that you should stop using servlets and use only JSp no all projects will use some requests in your project, you will use others, you will use still others, you will bine them with the MVC want the appropriate tool for the job, and servlets, by themselves, do not plete your of JSp Over Competing TechnologiesA number of years ago, Marty was invited to attend a small 20person industry roundtable discussion on software in the seat next to Marty was James Gosling, inventor of the Java programming several seats away was a highlevel manager from a very large software pany in Redmond, the discussion, the moderator brought up the subject of Jini, which at that time was a new Java moderator asked the manager what he thought of it, and the manager responded that it was too early to tell, but that it seemed to be an excellent went on to say that they would keep an eye on it, and if it seemed to be catching on, they would follow his pany