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1 18 480 2 1 30 工序三 切削用量及基本時(shí)間的確定: 本工序?yàn)榘刖囃鈭A 65? ,保證尺寸, ?? 已知條件與粗加工工序相同 。 所選用的刀具為 YG6 硬質(zhì)合金刀,車刀形狀、刀桿尺寸及刀片厚度為: B H=16mm 25mm,刀片厚度為 根據(jù)《切西安科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 19 削用量簡(jiǎn)明手冊(cè)》表 ,選擇車刀幾何形狀為卷槽帶倒棱型前刀面,前角γ o=12176。 、主偏角 Kr=90176。 、刃傾角 λ s=0176。 ① 確定切削深度 ap = 。由于是半精加工,切削力小,故不需要校核機(jī)床進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度。 ④ 確定切削速度 v 切削速度 v可根據(jù)公式計(jì)算,也可直接由表中查出。 根據(jù)表 ,當(dāng)用 YG6硬質(zhì)合金車刀加工灰鑄鐵時(shí), ap≤ mmf≤ 6mm/r時(shí),切削速度 v=128m/min。 ① 確定進(jìn) V=71 =m i n/ rd vn ????? ?? 按 C6201 機(jī)床的轉(zhuǎn)速選擇 n=380r/min=則實(shí)際切削速度 v=?;緯r(shí)間 ① 確定半精車外圓 φ 65mm的基本時(shí)間 根據(jù)表 ifn llllifnLT j 3211 ????? 西安科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 20 式中 l=17mm, )32(1 ??? rptgkal kr=90176。 ② 確定鉆頭磨鈍標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及耐用度 根據(jù)《切削用量簡(jiǎn)明手冊(cè)》,鉆頭后刀面最大磨損量取為 ,耐用度 T=30min ③ 確定切削速度 v 由表 , HBS=200217 及表 確定切削用量 f=,由表 ,可查得 v=26m/min,n=613r/min, ④ 基本時(shí) 間的確定 鉆 6個(gè) 13? 的通孔時(shí)間約為 90s。 本章小結(jié) 本章內(nèi)容根據(jù)已經(jīng)確定的工藝,通過(guò)計(jì)算和查閱書籍資料,確定每道工序的工序尺寸、切削用量及基本工時(shí)。為保 證加工要求和數(shù)控車削時(shí)工件裝夾的可靠性,應(yīng)注意加工順序和裝夾方式。為保證兩孔的同軸度,應(yīng)在鏜完左端內(nèi)孔后,反向鏜右端內(nèi)孔。 西安科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 26 第六章 專用夾具設(shè)計(jì) 為了提高勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率,保證加工質(zhì)量,降低勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度,需要設(shè)計(jì)專用夾具。本夾具將用于立軸矩臺(tái)平面磨床,刀具為砂輪。 夾具設(shè)計(jì) 定位基準(zhǔn)的選擇 由零件圖可知,要加工 φ 60 內(nèi)孔底面,原本只需限制工件的 ,但由于在孔內(nèi)加工,為了不使加工影響其他表面,需要限制工件的 5 個(gè)自由度,且 φ 60內(nèi)孔底面對(duì) φ 60 內(nèi)孔有垂直度要求,要求的加工精度較高,因此,應(yīng)選擇 φ 65 外圓和與 φ 80外圓相連的臺(tái)階面作為基準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行加工。實(shí)際效果可以保證可靠的卡緊。 夾緊力為 NFF f ?? ? ( 63) 取系數(shù) S1= S2=S3.=S4= 則實(shí)際卡緊力為 F’=S1*S2*S3.*S4*F= ( 64) 定位誤差的分析 西安科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 27 工件以臺(tái)階面和外圓面定位,工件的設(shè)計(jì)基準(zhǔn)為其軸線,故不存在基準(zhǔn)不重合誤差,誤差即為 φ 65 外圓面公差的一半。 夾具設(shè)計(jì)及操作的簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明 該夾具是以端面和外圓定位基準(zhǔn)加工 φ 60 內(nèi)孔底面,可以用一帶端面的定位套來(lái)定位,由于磨削時(shí)的夾緊較大,因此加了四根柱以加強(qiáng)其強(qiáng)度,本夾具通過(guò)楔塊的移動(dòng)使鉸鏈軸帶動(dòng)螺栓下移從而帶動(dòng)壓板下移壓緊工件。 圖 夾具體型特征 西安科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 28 圖 裝配圖 圖 爆炸圖 本章小結(jié) 西安科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 29 在前文中提到了,填料箱蓋的加工中,除外圓及兩端面加工用三爪自定心卡盤外,其余工序全用專用夾具。然而,在本次設(shè)計(jì)的過(guò)程中,曾遇到過(guò)不少的困難,影響了設(shè)計(jì)工作的進(jìn)展,但經(jīng)過(guò)自己的一番鉆研、與同學(xué)、老師探討和請(qǐng)教之后, 問題終于迎刃而解。畢業(yè)在即,從學(xué)校的學(xué)習(xí)到工作單位的實(shí)際設(shè)計(jì)生產(chǎn),是一個(gè)很大的轉(zhuǎn)變,我清楚的認(rèn)識(shí)到,要成為未來(lái)工作中專業(yè)的技術(shù)型人才,必須具備“專業(yè)、意愿與耐心”?;厥准韧约阂簧顚氋F的時(shí)光能于這樣的校園之中,能在眾多學(xué)富五車、才華橫溢的老師們的熏陶下度過(guò),實(shí)是榮幸之極。這除了自身努力外,與各位老師、同學(xué)和朋友的關(guān)心、支持和鼓勵(lì)是分不開的 。 在 老師的諄諄誘導(dǎo)、同學(xué)的出謀劃策及家長(zhǎng)的支持鼓勵(lì),是我堅(jiān)持完成論文的動(dòng)力源泉。從論文的選題、文獻(xiàn)的采集、框架的設(shè)計(jì)、結(jié) 構(gòu)的布局到最終的論文定稿,從內(nèi)容到格式,從標(biāo)題到標(biāo)點(diǎn), 他 都費(fèi)盡心血。 感謝各位同學(xué),與他們的交流使我受益頗多。 時(shí)間的倉(cāng)促及自身專業(yè)水平的不足,整篇論文肯定存在尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)的缺點(diǎn)和錯(cuò)誤。t agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly. For more informu, take advice from one of the anisations listed under Fur ther help. Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation. Most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. If you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the anisations listed under Further help. ation about dismissal and unfair dismissal, see Dismissal. You can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haven39。t charge you more than 35% of your pensation if you win the case. You are clear about the terms of the agreement. It might be best to get advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a Citizens Advice Bureau. To find your nearest CAB, including those that give advice by , click on nearest CAB. For more information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, see Employment tribunals. The (lack of) air up there Watch m Cay man Islandsbased Webb, the head of Fifa39。s 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend City39。s about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was. Uefa has opened disciplinary proceedings against CSKA for the racist behaviour of their fans during City39。s governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referee39。s plaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA. Age has reached the end of the beginning of a word. May be guilty in his seems to passing a lot of different life became the appearance of the same day?;蛟S是愧疚于自己似乎把轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的很多個(gè)不同的日子過(guò)成了同一天的樣子;或許是追溯過(guò)去,對(duì)自己那些近乎偏執(zhí)的怪異信念的醒悟,這些天以來(lái),思緒一直很凌亂,在腦海中不斷糾纏。二十年的人生軌跡深深淺淺,突然就感覺到有些事情,非做不可了。 Junior high school, thought to have a crush on just means that the real growth, but over the past three years later, his writing of alumni in peace, suddenly found that isn39。 Then in high school, think don39。t remember his appearance. Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted. r plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our daytoday weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest ( miles/ kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of mercial airliners ( miles/ kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence. We often close ourselves off when traumatic events happen in our lives。我們假裝一切仿佛都不曾發(fā)生,以此試圖忘卻傷痛,可就算隱藏得再好,最終也還是騙不了自己。下面六個(gè)方法有助于你更完滿透徹地敞開心扉。如果我們一味逃避生活中的悲傷,悲傷只會(huì)變得更強(qiáng)烈更真實(shí) —— 悲傷原本只是稍縱即逝的情緒,我們卻固執(zhí)地耿耿于懷 By utilizing our breath we soften our experiences. If we dam them up, our lives will stagnate, but when we keep them flowing, we allow more newness and greater experiences to 。